1,721,030 research outputs found
Quantitative evaluation of implemented interproximal enamel reduction during aligner therapy: a prospective observational study
No full textObjectives: To investigate the correspondence between programmed interproximal reduction (p- IPR) and implemented interproximal reduction (i-IPR) in an everyday-practice scenario. The secondary objective was to estimate factors that might influence i-IPR to make the process more efficient. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients treated with aligner therapy by six orthodontists were included in this prospective observational study. Impressions were taken at the beginning of treatment and after the first set of aligners. Data on p-IPR, i-IPR and technical aspects of IPR were gathered for 464 teeth. Statistical analyses included the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Kruskal-Wallis, and multilevel mixed regression. Results: Mean difference between p-IPR and i-IPR was 0.15 mm (SD: 0.14 mm; P = .0001), with lower canines showing the highest discrepancy. Use of burs and measuring gauges resulted in a smaller difference (respectively: coeff.: 0.09, P=.029; coeff.:-0.06, P=.013). IPR was performed more accurately on the mesial surface of teeth than on the distal surface. Round tripping before IPR resulted in a slightly more precise i-IPR compared to the previous alignment (coeff.: -0.021, P = .041). Conclusions: Implemented IPR tends to be less than p-IPR, especially for lower canines and distal surfaces of teeth. Burs tend to provide more precise i-IPR, especially compared to manual strips; however, there is variation between the techniques. Using a measuring gauge tends to increase the precision of i-iPR. As several factors influence the implementation of IPR, particular attention must be paid during the procedure to maximize its precision
Russamento e apnea notturna nell’adulto
No full textÈ importante il ruolo del logopedista nel riconoscere i segni e i sintomi dei disturbi respiratori del sonno per segnalare e indirizzare il paziente al medico di riferimento. Il logopedista esperto, in motricità orofacciale, è in posizione privilegiata per identificare i segni e i sintomi dei disturbi respiratori del sonno poiché conosce gli aspetti anatomo funzionali e le strategie rieducative-riabilitative che riguardo il complesso orofacciale.
I disturbi respiratori del sonno sono una disfunzione, con caratteristiche di patologia, comune e spesso sottostimata nella popolazione generale. Ritenere la “stimolazione ed il rinforzo” delle strutture muscolari e delle funzioni oro facciali come uno dei trattamenti possibili per i disturbi respiratori del sonno nell’adulto è importante: tale considerazione valorizza l’importanza della logopedia in ogni forma patologica che sia espressione di una alterazione funzionale. In questo caso il trattamento logopedico intende produrre una stimolazione isotonica ed isometrica dei fasci muscolari interessati alla respirazione.
I disturbi respiratori del sonno possono comprendere russamento, respiro russante o rumoroso, sindrome dell’aumentata resistenza delle prime vie aeree, sindrome dell’apnea ostruttiva del sonno, sindrome di apnea ipopnea ostruttiva del sonno, sindrome della ipoventilazione centrale cronica, sindrome da deficit dell’attenzione, sindrome della morte improvvisa del neonato e sindrome della stanchezza cronica. Ovviamente tra i più rilevanti e di interesse per il mondo odontoiatrico e logopedico vi sono il russamento e la sindrome dell’apnee ostruttive del sonno (OSAS, Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome)
The Efficacy of a Dietary Supplement with Carnosine and Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. (AqualiefTM) in Patients with Xerostomia: a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial
No full textThe purpose of this study was to test the safety and efficacy of AqualiefTM in patients affected by xerostomia. The main ingredients of AqualiefTM are carnosine and dried calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (karkadè) for their buffering effect at pH 7 as well as for their antioxidant, antimicrobial and lenitive properties. In a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial, sixty patients with xerostomia (RTOG/EORTC grade 1-2) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo, or AqualiefTM tablets (three times/day after meals) for 6 consecutive days. A questionnaire was used to evaluate dry mouth symptoms before and after 6 days of AqualiefTM or placebo application. Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates and pH were measured before and after application. Treatment with AqualiefTM for 6 days induced a significant increase in saliva pH from 6.2 ± 0.5 to 6.4 ± 0.6 (P < 0.05) while placebo was ineffective (from 6.2 ± 0.5 to 6.3 ± 0.5). AqualiefTM also induced a significant increase in the pH of stimulated saliva from 6.3 ± 0.5 to 6.6 ± 0.5 (P < 0.01). Placebo was ineffective also in this setting (from 6.2 ± 0.5 to 6.3 ± 0.5). Besides an expected normalization of the saliva pH value, AqualiefTM treatment for 6 days greatly increased (56%, P < 0.0001) saliva production. Placebo induced a 19% increase (P < 0.05), which was likely due to mechanical stimulation. AqualiefTM also increased stimulated saliva production (27% increase with respect to day 0, P < 0.05), while placebo was ineffective. AqualiefTM was effective in regulating the saliva pH, in increasing saliva production and improving dry mouth symptoms in xerostomic patients
The capacity of periodontal gel to occupy the spaces inside the periodontal pockets using computational fluid dynamic
No full textThe aim of the current work is to demonstrate the capacity of a new periodontal gel to occupy the spaces inside the periodontal pockets through Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD). The test gel consists of two resorbable medical grade polymers (PEO, Poly Ethylen Oxide and HPMC, Hydroxy Propyl Metyl Cellulose), Type I Collagen, SAP (Vitamin C), and PBS (Saline Solution), while the control gel is 14% doxyclin controlled release gel, which is used for treating periodontal pockets with probing ≥5 mm after scaling and root plaining. The study examined the fluid dynamic analysis (Computational Fluid Dynamic-CFD) of two different gels, used in dentistry to treat periodontitis, in relation to both the geometry of the periodontal pocket and the function of two different types of needles that are used to distribute the preparation. The periodontal pocket was determined by reading DICOM images taken from the patient's CAT scan. The results show that the H42® gel comes out uniformly compared to the other gel. Moreover, it is possible to observe how the rheological properties of the gel allow the fluid to spread evenly within the periodontal pocket in relation to the geometry of the needle. In particular, H42® gel exits in a constant way both from the first and the second exit. In fact, it was observed that by changing the geometry of the needle or the type of periodontal gel, the distribution of the gel inside the pocket was no longer homogeneous. Thus, having the correct rheological properties and correct needle geometries both speeds up the gel and optimizes the pressure distribution. Currently, the literature is still lacking, therefore further studies will be needed to confirm these results
Maxillary expansion with clear aligners in the mixed dentition: A preliminary study with Invisalign® First system
Full text linkAim The aim of this study was to evaluate maxillary arch changes in patients treated with Invisalign® First system in the mixed dentition, focusing on arch width, arch perimeter, arch depth, molar inclination and alveolar expansion. Materials and methods A retrospective study was carried out. The sample consisted of 20 patients, 12 females and 8 males, treated with clear aligners for maxillary expansion. Arch widths, arch perimeter, arch depth and molar inclination were measured on pre-treatment and post-treatment digital dental models. Superimposition of digital models was performed to evaluate alveolar expansion. Results There were significant increases in all measurements regarding arch width and arch perimeter, while arch depth and molar inclination significantly decreased. Alveolar expansion was recorded at all the reference points considered. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check normal distribution. Average and standard deviations were calculated for all measurements. Paired t-test was run to report significant changes between T0 and T1. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess reliability. Conclusions In case of mild crowding or limited transverse maxillary deficiency, Invisalign® First clear aligners could be a reasonable alternative to traditional slow maxillary expanders
Ultramorphology of the root surface subsequent to hand-ultrasonic simultaneous instrumentation during non-surgical periodontal treatments: an in vitro study.
No full text
Effects of pacifiers on peripheral capillary oxygen saturation during wake time
No full textWe studied the variations in peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) during wake time in relation to pacifier use and to the following different positions: supine at 0◦, supine at 30◦ (in babies under one year) vs. sitting (in babies between 1 and 3 years of age). We observed 54 patients under the age of three years, weighing over 1.800 g. Peripheral oxygen saturation was recorded for at least 40 min per patient in the following positions: 20 min lying supine at 0◦ (10 min with a pacifier and 10 min without); 20 min lying supine at 30◦ inclination or in a sitting position if the baby was older than one year (10 min with a pacifier and 10 min without). Pacifier use improved the peripheral oxygen saturation both in the 0◦ supine position, and at 30◦ in a sitting position. No significant differences were observed in the SpO2 levels comparing the different positions. In conclusion a pacifier thus seems to have a positive effect on respiration
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