1,721,292 research outputs found
Coal tar therapy does not influence in vitro benzo[a]pyrene metabolism and DNA adduct formation in peripheral blood lymphocytes of psoriatic patients
No full textHuman lymphocytes (HL) from healthy subjects and psoriatic patients were treated in vitro for 24 h with 4 microM [3H]benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and 2 microM (-)-B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol in order to verify if the coal tar (CT) used in the therapy of psoriasis, which is characterized by a high content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), influences the formation of B[a]P-DNA adducts and the metabolism of B[a]P. Significant amounts of syn-BPDE-dGuo adducts were detected in all the examined HL samples, but no significant difference in the amounts of total BPDE-DNA adducts or of specific anti- and syn-BPDE-dGuo adducts was observed between healthy subjects and psoriatic patients, or between psoriatic patients before and after CT treatment. Moreover, the CT treatment of psoriatic patients did not influence the enantiomeric composition of B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiols present in the HL culture medium, among which the (-)-7R,8R form was found to predominate (greater than 98%) in all the HL samples. The existence in HL of a specific metabolic pathway of B[a]P leading to the formation of (-)-syn-BPDE and the corresponding tetrols, through the epoxidation of the (-)-7R,8R enantiomer of B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol, was confirmed by determining the tetrols derived from the syn- and anti-stereoisomers of BPDE, released in HL culture medium after treatment for 24 h with 2 microM (-)-B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol. Although B[a]P-7,10/8,9 and B[a]P-7/8,9,10 tetrols, derived from (+)-anti-BPDE, were the predominant isomers, significant amounts of B[a]P-7,9/8,10 and B[a]P-7,9,10/8 tetrols, derived from the hydrolysis of (-)-syn-BPDE, were also detected. The mean ratio of anti/syn tetrols in healthy subjects was significantly lower than in psoriatic patients, but no difference in that ratio was found in psoriatic patients before and after CT treatment
Mammalian cell transformation induced by chromium(VI) compounds in the presence of nitrilotriacetic acid.
No full textWe used a soft agar assay on cultured Syrian hamster fibroblasts to determine the ability of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and Cr(VI) compounds to induce malignant cell transformation. Induction of extended anchorage-independent growth was detected in BHK 21/c13 cells by scoring colonies of transformed cells visible to the naked eye 20-25 d after plating in growth medium containing agar. Survival was determined by plating cells in liquid medium without agar and by counting the number of macroscopic colonies after 7-10 d. Mitomycin C and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide were used as reference direct transforming agents, with clearly positive results. In our hands no increase of the spontaneous transformation rate of BHK cells was induced by NTA concentrations ranging from 2 X 10(-3) to 10(-2) M, although the survival index was significantly reduced above 4 X 10(-3) M NTA. Two Cr(VI) compounds, K2Cr2O7, which is highly soluble in water, and CaCrO4, which is partially soluble, were tested in the soft agar assay either in the absence or in the presence of NTA. When used alone, both compounds behaved as positive transforming agents. NTA increased 4 or 10 times the cytotoxicity and the transforming activity of CaCrO4 and K2Cr2O7, respectively. As the amounts of soluble Cr(VI) detectable in the K2Cr2O7 and CaCrO4 solutions were not increased in the presence of NTA, a synergistic interaction between NTA and soluble Cr(VI) is inferred
Biological and Sanitary Effects of the Exposures to Non Ionizing Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) and the MUOS Case
No full textRecent and very recent scientific literature shows that both biological and sanitary effects of EMF radiations – from the extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF/EMF) to the high and very high radiofrequencies (RF/EMF) – are clearly established and occur even at very low exposure levels. Overall, there are now almost 4.000 experimental studies that report a variety of short and medium-term effects of EMF, which support the biological plausibility of the increased risks of their long-term genotoxic, carcinogenic and neurodegenerative consequences on exposed human populations. For instance, EMF exposures of cultured mammaliant cells, experimental animals and human subjects may induce genetic and epigenetic effects, such as single and double strand DNA damages, chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei, sister-chromatid exchanges, alteration or loss of the DNA damage repair processes, abnormal DNA transcription and protein functions, etc.; stimulation of heat-shock protein synthesis; inhibition of apoptosis (programmed cell death); damages to cellular macromolecules due to the impairment of the inactivation of free radicals and the consequent oxidative stress on account of the inhibition of melatonin syntesis and the stimulation of the Fenton’s reaction; modification of the cell membrane permeability and the consequent alteration of the flow of biologically important ions such as Calcium; alteration of the function of the immune system; serious impacts on sperm morphology and functional with consequent effects on the offspring; alterations of the brain functions as a consequence of the interference of a EMF on cerebral frequencies, etc. Many of these bioeffects can reasonably be presumed to result in adverse health effects if the exposures are prolonged or chronic. This is because they interfere with normal body processes (disrupt homeostasis), prevent the body from healing damaged DNA, produce immune system imbalances, metabolic disruption and lower resilience to disease across multiple pathways
Evaluating defense services performance on military cloud continuum systems
No full textA Battlefield Management System (BMS) is a tactical Command and Control system which supports military operations on the battlefield to provide a continuous and coherent representation of the state of a tactical scenario. The implementation of a BMS may benefit from the possibilities offered by Cloud Continuum technologies, while considering the security requirements when exploiting their infrastructure. Cloud Continuum may be used in place of the existing solutions, provided that proper performance evaluation techniques are available to assess its effectiveness and account for the impact of security constraints.In this paper we propose a modeling approach for a Battlefield Management System based on Cloud Continuum technologies and a performance evaluation framework to support its design and management before and during a mission
Biological Effects of Low-Intensity Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure and the MUOS Case
No full textRecent and very recent scientific literature shows that both biological and sanitary effects of EMF radiations - from the extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF/EMF) to the high and very high radiofrequencies (RF/EMF) - are clearly established and occur even at very low exposure levels. Overall, there are now almost 4.000 experimental studies that report a variety of short and medium-term effects of EMF, which support the biological plausibility of the increased risks of their long-term genotoxic, carcinogenic and neurodegenerative consequences on exposed human populations. For instance, EMF exposures of cultured mammaliant cells, experimental animals and human subjects may induce genetic and epigenetic effects, such as single and double strand DNA damages, chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei, sister-chromatid exchanges, alteration or loss of the DNA damage repair processes, abnormal DNA transcription and protein functions, etc.; stimulation of heat-shock protein synthesis; inhibition of apoptosis (programmed cell death); damages to cellular macromolecules due to the impairment of the inactivation of free radicals and the consequent oxidative stress on account of the inhibition of melatonin syntesis and the stimulation of the Fenton's reaction; modification of the cell membrane permeability and the consequent alteration of the flow of biologically important ions such as Calcium; alteration of the function of the immune system; serious impacts on sperm morphology and functional with consequent effects on the offspring; alterations of the brain functions as a consequence of the interference of a EMF on cerebral frequencies, etc. Many of these bioeffects can reasonably be presumed to result in adverse health effects if the exposures are prolonged or chronic. This is because they interfere with normal body processes (disrupt homeostasis), prevent the body from healing damaged DNA, produce immune system imbalances, metabolic disruption and lower resilience to disease across multiple pathways. Essential body processes can eventually be disabled by incessant external stresses (from system-wide electrophysiological interference) and lead to pervasive impairment of behavioural metabolic and reproductive functions. There is good evidence to suggest that many toxic exposures to the fetus and very young child have especially detrimental consequences depending on when they occur during critical phases of growth and development (time windows of critical development), or where such exposures may lay the seeds of health harm that develops even decades later. Existing FCC and ICNIRP public safety limits are not sufficiently protective of public health, in particular for the young subjects - embryos, fetuses, neonates, very young childs - and for those which are exposed to extremely high ELF and RF/EMF levels. Sufficient evidence comes from epidemiological studies of an increased risk from exposure to EMF of adverse acute effects and even long-term carcinogenic effects that cannot be attributed to chance, bias or confounding. Therefore, according to the rules of IARC, such exposures can be classified at least as Group 2 "probable carcinogenic agents for humans". The MUOS (Mobile User Objective System) is a military radio-transmission system that is proposed for installation close to the small village of Niscemi (Sicily, Italy). Ours study presents the results of electromagnetic radiation models in that area and documents the scientific sanitary reasons why the MUOS system should not be installed in Niscem
Human peripheral blood lymphocytes as a cell model to evaluate the genotoxic effect of coal tar treatment
No full textPeripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from psoriatic patients therapeutically exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) during coal tar (CT) treatment were used to evaluate the in vivo formation of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide(BaPDE)-DNA adducts by an ELISA technique and by the 32P-postlabeling method. Moreover, we controlled if the pretreatment with CT influences the formation of BaP-DNA adducts and the BaP metabolism in the PBL obtained from psoriatic patients, treated in vitro with BaP. Our data did not show any significant influence of the CT treatment on the levels of PAH-DNA adducts. Moreover, the use of PBL from psoriatic patients, treated in vitro with BaP, did not allow to detect significant modifications of the metabolic activation of BaP and of the ability of its metabolites to bind to DNA, before and after CT treatment. Thus, PBL do not seem to represent an useful cell model to evaluate the possible genotoxic effect of the exposure through the skin of psoriatic patients to the PAH contained in CT
Commento all'Art. 39 d.lgs. n. 231/2001
No full textL'A. commenta la norma in tema di rappresentanza dell'ente
Commento all'Art. 78 d.lgs. n. 231/2001
No full textL'A. commenta le norme sulla conversione delle sanzioni interdittive ex art. 78 d.lgs. n. 231/2001
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