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Regeneration and Sustainability: a comparison of practices
No full textIn a view of a city as a living system reframing urban theories and images starting from the 20th century,
regeneration is the organic metaphor with which a contemporary city was represented,1 as well as a
very common term in political programmes and latest generation planning tools. The biological
meaning applied to the urban environment does not only mean rebuilding spaces and renewing
functions, but restoring new dignity to places for life where citizens can identify with. The concept of
“urban regeneration” implies policies and intervention projects to improve abandoned, unqualified or
socio-economically, spatially and environmentally degraded urban areas.2 This notion has evolved over
time to meet the growing needs of an even more dynamic reality, shifting from punctual rehabilitation
action within the urban fabric to integrated programmes extended to the entire urban area aimed at
promoting economic activities, restoring sociality, recovering urban ecosystems.3 The purpose of
regeneration is to take into account the complexity of urban habitat by encouraging development and
improvement in many sectors simultaneously, so as to foster economic growth, decrease social and
cultural inequity, strengthen community cohesion and social capital, minimize climate change risk.4
Such all-embracing nature of urban regeneration is also its greatest limitation: difficult challenges along
with the need to satisfy multiple interests have produced partial and incongruent outcomes favouring
people or business alternatively. This is why sustainability, in its various declinations, is embedded
with urban regeneration policies, especially regarding the interaction of initiatives to support the city
economy, living standards, climate change adaptation and mitigation. Regeneration aims to favor new
urban life processes capable of generating social and economical dynamics, but mainly environmental
ones: indeed, awareness and protection of the built environment form the basis of the whole concept of
sustainability. However, including sustainability in the urban practice is to be supported by a significant
cultural change, in the absence of which the essence of sustainability remains a mere label with no real
content. Regeneration goes far beyond the objectives, aspirations, and results of urban upgrading
Organic growth as a process to reach a resilient and sustainable city
Get PDFFrom the beginning of the year 2000, cities are in continuous development at an unprecedented speed, hosting every year larger populations. In this urban horizon of constant growth, cities play a crucial role in affecting or improving the living quality of human beings and the successful interaction among social, environmental and economic systems. As a living organism, the city acts as a complex system of shapes and functions able to evolve in time to stay alive. The term ‘resilience’ means the ability to resist or survive by changing those features of every organic system including the city. The resilience of urban form represents a method to guide the growth of contemporary cities, also included in the ninth and eleventh Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) respectively. Nowadays, most towns are featured by uncontrolled urbanisation that seems not compatible with the natural city’s inclination towards resilience and sustainability. These terms are often used interchangeably, while they are complementary. If associated with urban form, these terms are still unexplored avenues of research as well as a preliminary investigation. In particular, there is a gap in the field literature matching urban morphology, resilience and SDGs. This paper aims to reply to the following question: how can urban morphology actively enhance the city's adaptability and its sustainable processes of change? Merging the City Resilience Framework from the Rockefeller Foundation in cooperation with Arup and the Global Indicator Framework for the SDGs from the 2030 Agenda, it provides a theoretical and methodological contribution to translate them into urban fabrics and typologies, by hypothesising a set of new requisites enable to comply with resilience science and sustainable development. The research results will foster advancements in spatial morphology to further direct urban policy and practice towards a more organic approach to city evolution
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Form and sense of public space: a morphological reading of informal city
Get PDFLa ciudad informal surge como respuesta concreta a la necesidad primaria del hogar, en gran parte desatendido por las políticas sociales incapaces de sostener la urbanización imperante que vincula el futuro del hombre con el de la ciudad. El espacio público, de interés secundario, se sacrifica o se reduce a a su mínima expresión, donde la función social se lleva a cabo mediante un camino o una plaza temporal y cambiante, pronto ocupada por nuevos edificios. La ausencia de espacios públicos es una característica común de los asentamientos espontáneos, pero, por otra parte, constituye su contradicción más evidente. Si la ciudad informal se basa en relaciones de necesidad mutua entre habitantes que construyen el tejido social antes de componer espacios urbanos, ¿cómo puede esa comunidad no exigir lugares dónde reunirse? Si hay un prototipo de espacio público, ¿cómo se define en términos de recognoscibilidad e identidad? Refutando la posición de quienes asocian la informalidad con el fin de la ciudad, la investigación intenta responder a estas preguntas a través de la lectura de las formas urbanas configuradas en el signo de la autonomía. El estudio analítico, basado en las teorías morfológicas de la escuela Italiana (Muratori, Caniggia), se realiza sobre la Villa 21-24, un caso de estudio emblemático en la historia de Buenos Aires. Desde la perspectiva de la sostenibilidad urbana y la inclusión social, este trabajo trata de superar la dicotomía habitual entre las ciudades formales e informales. Regenerar la ciudad a partir del espacio público significa redescubrir su función original, restituir la forma y el significado a los lugares, crear una nueva identidad entre sus habitantes
26. Ámbito 4. Forma y sentido del espacio público. Una lectura morfológica de la ciudad informal
No full textComunicación de Deborah C. Lefosse; Rosalba Belibani para ISUF-H
Form and sense of public space: a morphological reading of informal city
Get PDFLa ciudad informal surge como respuesta concreta a la necesidad primaria del hogar, en gran parte desatendido por las políticas sociales incapaces de sostener la urbanización imperante que vincula el futuro del hombre con el de la ciudad. El espacio público, de interés secundario, se sacrifica o se reduce a a su mínima expresión, donde la función social se lleva a cabo mediante un camino o una plaza temporal y cambiante, pronto ocupada por nuevos edificios. La ausencia de espacios públicos es una característica común de los asentamientos espontáneos, pero, por otra parte, constituye su contradicción más evidente. Si la ciudad informal se basa en relaciones de necesidad mutua entre habitantes que construyen el tejido social antes de componer espacios urbanos, ¿cómo puede esa comunidad no exigir lugares dónde reunirse? Si hay un prototipo de espacio público, ¿cómo se define en términos de recognoscibilidad e identidad? Refutando la posición de quienes asocian la informalidad con el fin de la ciudad, la investigación intenta responder a estas preguntas a través de la lectura de las formas urbanas configuradas en el signo de la autonomía. El estudio analítico, basado en las teorías morfológicas de la escuela Italiana (Muratori, Caniggia), se realiza sobre la Villa 21-24, un caso de estudio emblemático en la historia de Buenos Aires. Desde la perspectiva de la sostenibilidad urbana y la inclusión social, este trabajo trata de superar la dicotomía habitual entre las ciudades formales e informales. Regenerar la ciudad a partir del espacio público significa redescubrir su función original, restituir la forma y el significado a los lugares, crear una nueva identidad entre sus habitantes
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