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    Digital Signal Analysis Method for Underwater Ultrasound

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    超音波傳遞過程能量集中、具有良好的方向性以及穿透力,以水作為介質的超音波傳導更能發揮其優越特性,一般而言,在水下超音波接收端系統中,訊號的檢測與分析必須是穩定且即時的,一個穩定系統可以防止誤判的情形發生,對於訊號能量的強弱判別不至於偏差過多;一個即時系統可以快速地偵測有效訊號,隨即作出反應,這意味著訊號分析方法需以精簡為要,且因為減少計算量更能降低接收裝置對電力的消耗。 本論文利用訊號產生器所發出的能量衰減訊號,模擬水下超音波訊號的實際衰減情形,透過具有類比數位轉換器的微控制器將聲波訊號轉為數位訊號,藉由數位濾波器、窗函數及離散傅立葉轉換等概念,設計出1MHz之超音波訊號在時域中的分析法以及在頻域中的分析法,有效檢測出訊號能量大小且具有良好動態範圍,同時符合低計算量的特性。In the underwater signal-receiving device, the detection and analysis of the ultrasonic signals is a real-time task and all the misjudgments must be prevented. Therefore we need to design a stable and real-time system, which means the time complexity of the analyzing method should be simplify; thus, the power consumption can be reduced. We simulate the underwater ultrasonic signals and its attenuation by SMBV signal-generating device, and receive digital signals from a microcontroller with a 14-bit analog-to-digital converter. The frequency-domain based and time-domain based signal analyzing method both managed to detect the energy of the 1MHz signal with high dynamic range, and the computing time is also well-controlled

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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