1,720,979 research outputs found
Exploring Attention of Individuals with Depressed Mood: The Moderating Roles of Behavioral Inhibition and Activation System
No full text根據Beck（1967）的基模理論、Bower（1981）的網絡聯結理論以及Clark與Watson（1991）的三元模式，可推論憂鬱者憂鬱心情與負向訊息處理偏誤有關，而正向訊息處理偏誤缺乏正向情緒有關。過去憂鬱者注意力投注與注意力脫離現象的相關研究結果，顯示雖具有負向及正向訊息注意力偏誤的傾向，但較不穩定。因此本研究嘗試以Gray（1982）的行為抑制及行為激發系統做為第三變項，探討其對憂鬱者注意力現象特徵的調節作用，並同時將注意力現象特徵與情緒反應加以結合，期待此種整合性地研究設計，可以更進一步檢驗過去理論所提出的情緒一致性假說。本研究共包含兩大研究，研究一為發展本地適用的中文版行為抑制與行為激發量表，第一階段以150位大學生為樣本進行因素分析，以此分析結果做為題目潤飾的基礎，第二階段則另招募152位大學生進行潤飾後中文版量表因素結構及心理計量特性檢驗。研究二則以119位大學生為樣本，檢驗憂鬱傾向與注意力現象之關聯是否會受到行為抑制與行為激發系統活化程度的調節，並探討注意力現象對情緒反應的影響。本研究結果顯示（1）中文版行為抑制與行為激發量表為一具有良好心理計量特性，可有效測量相關概念的本土化工具。（2）整體來說，憂鬱程度與負向及正向刺激的注意力現象特徵無顯著相關，但憂鬱傾向與負向注意力投注之關聯會受到行為抑制系統活化程度的調節，行為抑制系統活化程度較低時，憂鬱傾向與負向注意力投注有顯著的負相關。（3）注意力現象與情緒誘發前後情緒改變量無顯著關聯。本研究嘗試以迴向抑制效果及警覺-逃避理論之角度切入，討論行為抑制系統調節效果的可能意涵，並進一步說明研究的可能貢獻與限制，以及未來可行的研究方向。According to the Schema theory（Beck, 1967）, Associative network theory（Bower, 1981） and Tripartite theory（Clark & White, 1991）, previous researchers suggested the correlation between negative attention bias and depressed mood, as well as positive attention bias and the lack of positive mood. However, empirical studies did not reveal consistent findings on attentional phenomena. Therefore, the present study aimed firstly to investigate the moderating role of the behavioral inhibition and activation system（Gray, 1982） between attentional engagement and disengagement in depressors, and secondly, to examine the relationship between individuals’ attentional phenomena and depressed mood. With an integrated design, the present study intended to further examine the mood consistent hypotheses. Two studies were included. Study one aimed to validate the Chinese version of the Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Activation Scale（BIS/BAS）. In the first stage（N = 150）, factor analysis was performed, and scale items were revised accordingly. In the second stage（N = 152）, factor analysis was performed on the revised scale, and its psychometric properties were examined. Study two（N = 119） aimed to examine: 1） whether the relationships between depressed mood and attentional biases were moderated by the activation level of behavioral inhibition system（BIS） and behavioral activation system（BAS）; and 2） the relationships between attentional biases and mood changes after mood induction. Results indicated that, first of all, the BIS/BAS scale showed satisfactory psychometric properties. Secondly, the correlations of depressed mood and attentional biased were insignificant overall. However, the moderating role of the BIS between depressed mood and negative attentional engagement was revealed. Specifically, when the BIS was less active, significant negative correlation was noted between depressed mood and negative attentional engagement. Finally, the correlations between participants’ attentional bias and the mood changes before and after mood induction were insignificant. Based on the above findings, the present study tried to use structure aspects such like Inhibition of Return（IOR） and Vigilance-Avoidance Theory to discuss the possible meaning of moderating effect. Possible application and future research directions were also addressed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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