1,720,968 research outputs found
Direct Growth of Substrate-Adhered Graphene on Flexible Polymer Substrates for Soft Electronics
No full textThis article describes a novel method of growing graphene directly on a flexible substrate at low polyimide temperatures using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with a solid aromatic hydrocarbon source, 1,2,3,4tetraphenylnaphthalene (TPN), which acts as the feedstock for graphene growth. TPN is embedded with copper ions that are reduced under the growth conditions to copper nano particles that catalyze the graphene growth and then evaporate to leave pristine graphene. Strong covalent bonds between the TPN film and the flexible substrate, prepared by depositing an aluminum oxide (A120,) layer on a colorless polyimide layer, are generated by exposing the TPN film to ultraviolet/ozone. The TPN/substrate interfacial adhesive bonds impede the sublimation of TPN from the flexible substrate at the growth temperature, and TPN can convert directly to graphene. The synthesized substrate-adhered graphene shows excellent bending stability, with small electrical resistance changes (the resistance R during bending over initial resistance Ro was R/Ro < 1.2 for compressive strain, and R/Ro < 1.4 for tensile strain at e = 4.68%). Graphene is appropriate for use in flexible and transparent electrodes for electronic device applications. The proposed method for directly synthesizing substrate-adhered graphene on a flexible substrate is expected to have wide applications in flexible and wearable electronics.11Nsciescopu
Enhanced Sensitivity of Iontronic Graphene Tactile Sensors Facilitated by Spreading of Ionic Liquid Pinned on Graphene Grid
No full textIontronic graphene tactile sensors (i-GTS) composed of a top floating graphene electrode and an ionic liquid droplet pinned on a bottom graphene grid, which can dramatically enhance the performance of capacitive-type tactile sensors, are presented. When mechanical stress is applied to the top floating electrode, the i-GTS operates in one of the following three regimes: air-air, air-electric double layer (EDL) transition, or EDL-EDL. Once the top electrode contacts the ionic liquid in the i-GTS, the spreading behavior of the ionic liquid causes a capacitance transition (from a few pF to over hundreds of pF). This is because EDLs are formed at the interfaces between the electrodes and the ionic liquid. In this case, the pressure sensitivity increases to approximate to 31.1 kPa(-1) with a gentle touch. Under prolonged application of pressure, the capacitance increases gradually, mainly due to the contact line expansion of the ionic liquid bridge pinned on the graphene grid. The sensors exhibit outstanding properties (response and relaxation times below 80 ms, and stability over 300 cycles) while demonstrating ultimate signal-to-noise ratios in the array tests. The contact-induced spreading behavior of the ionic liquid is the key for boosting the sensor performance.11Nsciescopu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The chinese versions the kind of The Book of history in Kyujanggak and its value
No full text초기 奎章閣은 조선시대 왕의 御製, 御筆, 御畵, 顧命, 遺誥, 密敎, 璿譜, 世譜, 寶鑑, 狀誌등을 보관, 관리하는 기관이었다. 肅宗(1674∼1720 재위)때에 이르러 규장각내에 직제를 편성하여 내실을 기하기 시작하였고, 正祖(1776~1800 재위)때에 단순 保藏의 기능 외에 학술기능을 더해 종합적인 文翰기관으로 탈바꿈하게 된다. 정조는 초계문신을 선발하여 규장각에서 학문과 정책을 토론하며 자신의 문신친위세력으로 육성하였고, 그에 따라 규장각도 일련의 학술활동에 필수요소인 도서의 수집 및 소장 그리고 출판 기능도 아울러 갖추면서 내외적으로 규모를 확장해 나갔다. 규장각에서 길러진 초계문신들은 정조의 가장 믿음직스러운 측근으로서 언론 및 비서의 기능을 수행하게 된다. 이렇게 확대된 규장각은 단순히 왕실의 도서관의 기능을 넘어서 정치적으로는 격화된 당쟁 속에 약화된 왕권을 강화함과 동시에 사회적으로 당대 문화와 학문을 선도해나가게 된다.Kyujanggak(奎章閣) of Jungjo(正祖) was the Royal Institution which led the learning of the day. The chinese versions the kind of The Book of history(中國本書類) which is housed in Kyujangkak is the material which helps to confirm Jungjo's awareness of Shangshu(尙書). One of the most remarkable list of books(書目) among the Kyujangkak's The chinese versions the kind of The Book of history are as below. First, it's the study of Chinese classics which completely denied GuwenShangshu(古文尙書) or doubted GuwenShangshu which is similar as WangYingLin(王應麟)s Guwenshangshumazhengzhu(古文尙書馬鄭注, 奎5306) and Yanruoju(閻若璩)s Shangshuguwenshuzheng(尙書古文疏證, 奎4844). Second, it is writings which double as annotation of The han․Song Dynasty(漢․宋) such as Qianshi(錢時)s Rongtangshujie(融堂書解, 奎4643), Renqiyun(任啓運)s Shangshuyuezhu(尙書約注, 奎3316) and Jinlüxiang(金履祥)s Shangshubiaozhu(尙書表注, 奎3317). Third, the shangshu of Gyeongyeon(經筵, lecture for king) such as, Yuanhuang(袁黃)s Shujingqimengjiejingxuanzhu(書經啓蒙捷徑選註, 奎4817), Zhangnai(張鼐)s Shujingyan(書經演, 奎5206) and Zhangjuzheng(張居正)s Shujingzhijie(書經直解, 奎 4710) etc. are the valuable materials which are high in scarcity. Especially it is considered that Yuanhuang(袁黃) and Zhangnai(張鼐)s the writings are valuables which is hardly seen even in the China. It is understandable that Jungjo read not only annotation of Caishen(蔡沈) but also ancient annotation(古注) of The han․Song Dynasty variously and aimed to figure out understanding of multiple about Shangshu by writing of doubting GuwenShangshu. The understanding of Jungjo about Shangshu is proved in Sangseogangyi(尙書講義) which deals with discussion with Chogemunsin(抄啟文臣, Kyujangkak Scholar)
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