1,721,279 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Engineering the catalytic batchwise synthesis of H2O2 from its elements
Full text linkHydrogen peroxide is a versatile oxidizing agent with several industrial applications. It is also one of “greenest”, since its oxidation by-product is only water. The global demand of the peroxide is increasing, due to its recent usage in new large scale oxidation processes, such as the epoxidation of propylene to propylene oxide and the synthesis of caprolactam. Nowadays most of the world production of H2O2 is carried out by the anthraquinone autoxidation process. Though very safe (H2 and O2 are never in direct contact), the costs related to the high energy consumption for the extraction and purification of the peroxide produced, together with the usage and periodic replacement of toxic and expensive solvents, stimulated the interest in new production paths. Among the several alternatives proposed, the most fascinating one is the direct synthesis (DS) from H2 and O2. It is a environmentally friendly process that would be economically profitable for an in-situ production, requiring lower investments and operating costs. During the last thirty years this system has been under intensive study both by industries as well as academia. However, it has not been commercialized yet, mainly because of poor selectivity and safety concerns.
While most of the efforts on improving DS must address the catalyst, there are reaction engineering aspects that deserve attention. DS is frequently carried out in solvents other than water, both to improve H2 solubility and isolate the undesired product (H2O). Further, CO2 is used for safety, H2 solubility and H2O2 stability. However, the lack of information about the solubility of the reagents makes it difficult to develop a realistic kinetic description of the reactions involved in the DS process. Hence, the first step of the research presented herein dealt with solubility measurements, at temperatures in the range 268-288 K and pressures between 0.37 and 3.5 MPa. Measurements were focused on H2, i.e. the limiting reagent during the reaction. At all conditions investigated a linear relation between hydrogen partial pressure and concentration was observed. Increasing the temperature resulted in an enhanced H2 solubility at the same H2 partial pressure. At constant H2 fugacity, the presence of CO2 favored the dissolution of hydrogen in the liquid phase. Correlation and generalization of the measurements were provided through an EoS-based thermodynamic model for the estimation of H2 solubility at reaction conditions.
A batch apparatus for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide was developed, to carry out activity measurements on new catalysts and develop a quantitative model of the kinetics. Hydrogenation, disproportionation and direct synthesis reactions were studied on a commercial 5 wt.% Pd/C catalysts at temperatures in the range 258-313 K and pressure up to 2 MPa. Separate experiments were performed to highlight the role of each reaction. An enhanced H2O2 production was obtained adopting different H2 feeding policies, although selectivity did not exceeded 30%.
A model of the gas bubbling, batch slurry reactor for H2O2 direct synthesis was developed. A sensitivity analysis on the mass transfer coefficients excluded any limitations occurring at experimental conditions. Comparable temperature dependence was observed for H2O production, hydrogenation and disproportionation (activation energies close to 45 kJ mol-1), while H2O2 synthesis had a much lower activation energy (close to 24 kJ mol-1), suggesting that a higher selectivity is achievable at low temperature. Disproportionation reaction had a very limited influence on the overall peroxide production rate, while hydrogenation was the most rapid side reaction. Water formation was significant, prevailing at higher temperatures.
Following these results, Pd and PdAu catalysts supported on SBA15 were prepared and investigated for H2O2 direct synthesis. Catalysts were doped with bromine, a promoter in the H2O2 direct synthesis. Productivity and selectivity decreased when bromine was incorporated in the catalysts, suggesting a possible poisoning due to the grafting process. A synergetic effect between Pd and Au was observed both in presence and absence of bromopropylsilane grafting on the catalyst. Three modifiers of the SBA15 support (Al, CeO2 and Ti) were chosen to elucidate the influence of the surface properties on metal dispersion and catalytic performance. Higher productivity and selectivity were achieved incorporating Al into the SBA15 framework, whereas neither Ti nor CeO2 improved H2O2 yields. The enhanced performance observed for the PdAu/Al-SBA15 catalysts was attributed to the increased number of Brønsted acid sites.
Supported catalysts were also synthesized depositing Pd on a highly acidic, macroporous PS-DVB resin (Lewtit K2621). Catalysts with active metal content in the range 0.3-5 wt.% were tested batchwise for the direct synthesis of H2O2. Preliminary H2O2 measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that the reduced form of Pd was more selective than PdO towards the peroxide. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that smaller nanoclusters favored the production of H2O, likely due to their O-O bond breaking aptitud
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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