1,720,994 research outputs found
Sarcopenic obesity in fatty liver
Full text linkNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steato hepatitis have an increasing prevalence among liver diseases. Overweight and obesity are frequently associated conditions in patients with fatty liver. Skeletal muscle mass depletion may also coexist with chronic liver disease even in obese patients. This review will focus on the relationship between sarcopenic obesity and fatty liver
Albumin infusion in cirrhotic patients with infections other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: End of the story?
Full text linkNon-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis with impulse
elastography: Comparison of Supersonic Shear Imaging with
ARFI and FibroScan
Predictive models in EUS/ERCP
No full text: Predictive models (PMs) in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have the potential to improve patient outcomes, enhance diagnostic accuracy, and guide therapeutic interventions. This review aims to summarize the current state of predictive models in ERCP and EUS and their clinical implications. To be considered useful in clinical practice a PM should be accurate, easy to perform, and may consider objective variables. PMs in ERCP estimate correct indication, probability of success, and the risk of developing adverse events. These models incorporate patient-related factors and technical aspects of the procedure. In the field of EUS, these models utilize clinical and imaging data to predict the likelihood of malignancy, presence of specific lesions, or risk of complications related to therapeutic interventions. Further research, validation, and refinement are necessary to maximize the utility and impact of these models in routine clinical practice
Hepatic Encephalopathy and Sarcopenia: Two Faces of the Same Metabolic Alteration
No full textSarcopenia is an important burden in liver cirrhosis representing a negative prognostic factor for mortality. Moreover, sarcopenia is an independent predictor of complications in patients with liver cirrhosis, including Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE). An association between sarcopenia and HE in liver cirrhosis has been reported in recent studies, indeed both these complications often affect patients with advanced liver cirrhosis and may exert a synergic effect in deteriorating patients' outcome. Episodes of HE occur more often in patients with muscle depletion. The rationale for these finding is based on the role played by muscle in ammonia detoxification due to the inability of urea synthesis in the cirrhotic liver. Consequently, muscle depletion may have relevant implications in favoring hyperammonemia and HE. At the same time hyperammonemia has been found to impair muscle protein synthesis through myostatin down-regulation. From this point of view, modulation of diet and amelioration of nutritional status and muscle mass can be considered a potential goal to prevent this vicious circle and improve the cognitive impairment in cirrhotic patients
Beta-blockers in liver cirrhosis.
No full textSince the original description of the effectiveness of β-blockers in lowering the portal pressure and therefore the risk of variceal bleeding, more than 500 articles in the English literature on the use of non selective β-blockers (NSBB) in cirrhosis have been published. The use of NSBB in pre-primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding is currently not indicated. In primary prophylaxis, patients with high risk small varices or large/medium varices should receive primary prophylaxis either with NSBB or with endoscopic band ligation if there are contraindications to NSBB. For secondary prophylaxis the current recommendation is to receive a combination of NSBB and endoscopic variceal ligation. In addition to lowering portal pressure, NSBB can also reduce bacterial translocation, potentially exerting multiple beneficial effects which go beyond the reduction of bleeding risk. Carvedilol is a NSBB with intrinsic anti-α(1)-adrenergic activity, possibly more effective than propranolol in lowering portal hypertension. A potential harmful effect of propranolol in patients with cirrhosis with refractory ascites deserves further confirmation. NSBB remain the cornerstone of therapy in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension
Nutritional assessment and management for hospitalized patients with cirrhosis
No full textPurpose of Review The purpose of this review is to summarize recent knowledge on malnutrition and sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis
with special focus on hospitalized cirrhotic patients. Assessment tools and treatment options are briefly discussed.
Recent Findings During hospitalization, cirrhotic patients frequently deteriorate their nutritional status due to multiple factors.
Evaluation of nutritional risk followed by nutritional assessment has been suggested in cirrhotic patients and may alert the need of
special nutritional care in those hospitalized. Few recent studies, although in small series, proposed to ameliorate sarcopenia in
cirrhotic patients by protein/calorie supplementation and also encouraging physical activity.
Summary Malnutrition and sarcopenia are negative predictors of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized cirrhotic patients. When
malnutrition is diagnosed, care should be taken to provide adequate nutritional support. Physical movement, whenever possible,
has been suggested for prevention of muscle loss
May sarcopenia and/or hepatic encephalopathy improve the predictivity of model for end-stage liver disease?
No full textWe read with interest the recent study by van Vugtet al.1whichadds data to the debate on a desirable improvement in thepolicy for the optimization of the organ allocation criteria inliver transplant (LT) setting.The aim of this multicenter registry based European studywas initially to investigate whether sarcopenia is a risk factor,independent of the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)score, for waiting list mortality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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