1,721,038 research outputs found
Trade-offs between leaf hydraulic capacity and drought vulnerability: morpho-anatomical bases, carbon costs and ecological consequences
No full textLeaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) and vulnerability constrain plant productivity, but no clear trade-off between these fundamental functional traits has emerged in previous studies.
We measured Kleaf on a leaf area (Kleaf_area) and mass basis (Kleaf_mass) in six woody angiosperms, and compared these values with their distribution and leaf tolerance to dehydration in terms of P50 i.e. the leaf water potential inducing 50% loss of Kleaf. We also measured several morphological and anatomical traits associated with carbon investment into leaf construction and water transport efficiency.
Clear relationships emerged between Kleaf_mass, P50, and LMA, suggesting that increased tolerance to hydraulic dysfunction implies increased carbon costs for water use. Low P50 values were associated with narrower and denser vein conduits, increased thickness of conduit walls, and increased vein density. This, in turn, was associated with reduced leaf surface area.
Leaf P50 was closely associated with the plants’ distribution over a narrow geographical range, suggesting that this parameter contribute to shape vegetation features. Our data also highlight the carbon costs associated with increased leaf tolerance to hydraulic dysfunction, which confers to some species the ability to thrive under reduced water availability but likely decrease their competitiveness in high-resource habitats
Le impugnazioni ordinarie: tra efficienza e snellimento
No full textThe paper analyses numerous changes introduced by the so called "Cartabia reform" to the appeal and to the proceedings in front of the Supreme Court. A complex reform aimed at reducing the duration of appeal proceedings that raises some concerns on the guarantees side
Assessment of optimal growth conditions for biomass and exopolysaccharides production in the thermotolerant cyanobacterium Phormidium sp. ETS-05
Full text linkPhormidium sp. ETS-05 is one of the target cyanobacteria species conferring anti-inflammatory properties to the therapeutic muds applied by spas of the Euganean Thermal District (Italy) to treat arthro-rheumatic pathologies. Beneficial mud is prepared by spas following a traditional method, called maturation, leading to the growth of a specific microbiota on natural raw clay irrigated by flowing thermal water at 37–47 °C for about two months. The effectiveness of the mud is related to heat, electrolytes and bioactive molecules synthesized by the microbiota. A clear role in the anti-inflammatory activity of muds has been demonstrated for the exopolysaccharides, EPS, produced by the entire microbiota and Phormidium sp. ETS-05.
Considering the interest in this species, we assessed its optimal growth conditions to obtain the higher EPS production in relation to temperature, light spectra, and intensity and nitrogen availability. The production of biomass and pigments was also taken into account, as other high-value compounds can be obtained in parallel with EPS. We found that exposure to a temperature of 45 °C under white light at 100 μmol photons m−2 s−1 is optimal to reach the highest biomass (1.13 g L−1) and an average production of 75 mg gDW−1 phycocyanin and of 150 mg gDW−1 EPS for Phormidium sp. ETS-05 cultured in lab-scale photobioreactors for 9 days. Putative genes linked with EPS assembly and export have also been identified in its genome, some of which have been investigated for their expression levels, opening up the possibility of biotechnologically boost EPS production
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Bleaching herbicide effects on plastids of dark-grown plants: lipid composition of etioplasts in amitrole and norflurazon-treated barley leaves
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