1,126 research outputs found
臺灣恩蚜小蜂屬（膜翅目：蚜小蜂科）二新種
No full textTwo new species of the genus Encarsia Foerster, E. abundantia Chou & Su and E. collecta Chou & Su, from Taiwan are described and illustrated.
恩蚜小蜂屬(Encarsia)隸屬膜翅目蚜小蜂科，目前全世界已知之種類約有230種；而臺灣有記錄者僅有21種。本文描述臺灣產之2新種，並輔以性狀圖說明
Effects of glycolic acid on the induction of apoptosis via caspase-3 activation in human leukemia cell line (HL-60).
No full textQualitative risk assessment of exotic highly pathogenic avian influenza entrance into Taiwan.
No full textRecord of Numonia pirivorella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Taiwan
No full text梨雲翅斑螟（Numonia pirivorella (Matsumura)）又稱梨大食心蟲、梨斑螟、冒糞蟲、吊死鬼、梨大，隸屬鱗翅目、螟蛾科（Pyralidae）(1, 2, 4)，其異名有Acrobasis pirivorella (Matsumura)、Eurhodope pirivorella (Matsumura)、Nephopteryx pirivorella Matsumura、Numonia pirivora (Gerasimov)、Rhodophaea pirivorella (Matsumura)；英文名有pear fruit moth、pear moth、pear pyralid。是梨樹的重要害蟲，危害花芽、花序、幼果(1, 4, 7)，有時也危害杜梨和蘋果(2)。在前蘇聯之某些年份，此蟲危害率可達60-70 % (13)，甚至高達90 %的被害率(7)。1999 年3 月上旬苗栗縣大湖鄉廖建青農友發現其梨園之幼果被蛀食為害，被害果最後乾縮變黑（圖一）。後於3 月下旬將採得之一批被害幼果送到行政院農委會農業試驗所要求鑑定學名。筆者等幸運的於4 月上旬成功的自該批在幼果中已化成黃褐色蛹（圖二）之樣本中飼育得3 隻成蟲，並鑑定為梨雲翅斑螟。筆者等復於四月下旬收到28 粒被蛀食的梨幼果，經檢查其中26 粒被梨雲翅斑螟危害（其幼蟲腹足趾鉤呈三序環），另2 粒被桃折心蟲（Cydia molesta (Busck)）危害（其幼蟲腹足趾鉤排序呈單序）。桃折心蟲隸鱗翅目捲葉蛾科（Tortricidae），又稱梨小食心蟲、東方蛀果蛾、梨小、桃折心螟等，是一種世界性的大害蟲(1, 4)。在臺灣已知之寄主植物有枇杷、蘋果、梅、木瓜、櫻、桃、梨及李等(3)。至於梨雲翅斑螟，經查閱臺灣鱗翅目名錄(8)、經濟重要性鱗翅目索引(16)及中國大陸(1,4)與日本(9)文獻，均沒有該蟲分布於臺灣之記錄。唯獨歐洲檢疫有害生物第二版記錄該蟲分布於臺灣、中國大陸、俄羅斯（遠東區）、日本及韓國(5)；但該書並未指出引用之文獻，故筆者等對其中臺灣之記錄持保留的態度。該蟲有可能是經由接穗侵入臺灣，惟何時侵入已不可考。自1999 年至2001 年於當地未再捕獲此種害蟲，故推測此新記錄害蟲是由進口接穗時，夾帶蟲卵或幼蟲而引入，但並未立足造成為害。由於此害蟲已被地中海及歐洲植物檢疫組織（EPPO）列為A1 級檢疫害蟲(5)，而且與台灣地理位置相近之中國大陸亦為疫區的檢疫高風險性下，為預防此害蟲再侵入，農民應於嫁接穗木時，檢視接穗枝條上有無蟲卵、幼蟲，發現被害花芽應予銷毀，以降低此害蟲侵入為害之風險。
Larvae of Numonia pirivorella (Matsumura), a pest of pear, are detected in infested pears from an orchard at Mioli in Taiwan for the first time in 1999. However it is not found in subsequent investigations
Testing for a cultural influence on reading for meaning in the developing brain: the neural basis of semantic processing in Chinese children
No full textFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to explore the neural correlates of semantic judgments in a group of 8- to 15-year-old Chinese children. Participants were asked to indicate if pairs of Chinese characters presented visually were related in meaning. The related pairs were arranged in a continuous variable according to association strength. Pairs of characters with weaker semantic association elicited greater activation in the mid ventral region (BA 45) of left inferior frontal gyrus, suggesting increased demands on the process of selecting appropriate semantic features. By contrast, characters with stronger semantic association elicited greater activation in left inferior parietal lobule (BA 39), suggesting stronger integration of highly related features. In addition, there was a developmental increase, similar to previously reported findings in English, in left posterior middle temporal gyrus (BA 21), suggesting that older children have more elaborated semantic representations. There were additional age-related increases in the posterior region of left inferior parietal lobule and in the ventral regions of left inferior frontal gyrus, suggesting that reading acquisition relies more on the mapping from orthography to semantics in Chinese children as compared to previously reported findings in English
A Smart Healthcare Kit for Home Healthcare
No full textAuthor Contributions: Writing—original draft preparation, Chun-Yang Chou, and Chun-Hung Chou; writing—review and editing, Chun-Yang Chou, Ding-Yang Hsu and Chun-Hung Chou All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.</p
Chou Wen -Chung\u27s “Cursiveâ€.
No full textAs the first contemporary Chinese composer recognized by the Western musical world, Chou Wen-Chung is widely acknowledged for his innovations and contributions to the profession. His music is a successful fusion of Eastern and Western musical language, and it has continued to receive critical acclaim. Cursive (1963), a duet for flute and piano, is one of Chou\u27s most important compositions. In this work, the composer tries to express the aesthetic principles of Chinese calligraphy musically. This thesis provides a thorough analysis of the musical materials and compositional techniques employed in Cursive, and based on this analysis, the author attempts to illustrate the compatible elements of Western and Chinese musics contained in the work. The author also highlights how certain musical features of the work are related to Chinese calligraphy. Although Chou has enjoyed success as a composer for about a half century, serious scholarly studies of his music were not done till the last decade. It is hoped that this study will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of Chou\u27s musical creation
(41(3):295-310)Assessment of field releases of Trichogramma ostriniae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) for the control of the Aaian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
No full text本試驗於本省臺中縣外埔、霧峰及烏日等地區，以連續增補釋放玉米螟赤眼卵蜂（Trichogramma ostriniae Pang & Chen）的方式，進行對亞洲玉米螟（Ostrinia furnacalis（Guénée））防治效果評估及與化學防治法的比較。自74年秋作至76年春作四期作之試驗結果，除75年秋作不明顯外，單獨釋放該蜂或放蜂配合施用藥劑均可減少植株被害率，有防治玉米螟之效果，但在絕大部份的處理區中，玉米螟卵塊發生數均與卵塊被寄生率無顯著相關性；在74年秋作和75年春作的放蜂區，玉米螟卵塊被寄生率分別為43.61～55.61％和32.33～40.29％，75年秋作和76年春作經增加放蜂量後其寄生率均大幅提高，分別為70.54～74.20％和60.79～65.13％，顯示玉米螟赤眼卵蜂在玉米螟之綜合防治策略中有其利用價值。比較藥劑防治區和對照區之玉米螟卵塊被寄生率，二者間差異不顯著，此表示施用加保扶（3％ Furadan）或毒斯本（5％ Dursban）粒劑農藥對本寄生蜂田間族群無明顯的不利影響。
The egg parasitoid, Trichogramma ostriniae pang & Chen, was released for the control of the Asian corn borer at Waipu, Wufeng and Wujih in central Taiwan for each crop season from fall of 1985 to spring of 1987. Control efficacy through various corn borer control strategies was evaluated over four crop seasons in this study. In summary, releases of T. ostriniae only or integrating parasitoid with insecticide application reduced percent plant injured and gained good control of the Asian corn borer. Parasitism of corn borer egg masses was generally uncorrelated to the abundance of borer egg masses occurred in corn field. Percent parasitisms of egg masses are 43.61~55.6% and 32.33~40.29% over wasp releasing treatments in fall crop 1985 and spring crop 1986, respectively. The increase of releasing number of the wasps raised the parasitism of egg masses up to 70.54~74.20% and 60.79~65.13% over wasp releasing treatments in fall crop 1986 and spring crop 1987, respectively, which revealed the potential of using T. ostriniae in Asian corn borer management system. Percent parasitisms of egg masses for control treatments were not consistently higher than those for insecticide only treatments, which indicated that the use of granular insecticide might not cause any adverse effect on the wasps
Author Correction: Ultra-thin enzymatic liquid membrane for CO2 separation and capture
No full textThe original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Stanley S. Chou, which was incorrectly given as Stan Chou. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.</jats:p
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