1,725,420 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Rhytidhysteron subrufulum X. - L. Xu & C. - L. Yang, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Rhytidhysteron subrufulum</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. (Fig. 5) <p> HOLOTYPE. — <b>China</b>. Sichuan Province, Chengdu City, Wenjiang District, 30°42’18.89”N, 103°51’30.42”E, alt. 545 m, on dead twigs of <i>Osmanthus fragrans</i> (Thunb.) Loureiro (Oleaceae), 12.X.2019, collected by C.-L.Yang, <i>YCL201910001</i> (holo-, SICAU 19-0010), ex-type living culture (SICAUCC 19-0011).</p> <p> ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the allied species of <i>R. rufulum</i>.</p> <p>INDEX FUNGORUM. — IF557216.</p> <p> ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — <b>China</b>. Sichuan Province, Zizhong County, 29°46’28.29”N, 104°49’19.66”E, alt. 316 m, on dead twigs of <i>Citrus reticulata</i> Blanco (Rutaceae), 8.III.2019, collected by X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, <i>YCL201903011</i> (SICAU 19-0009), living culture (SICAUCC 19-0010); 29°46’22.97”N, 104°49’12.20”E, alt. 303 m, on dead twigs of <i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i> (Linnaeus) L’Heritier ex Ventenat (Moraceae), 19.X.2019, collected by X.-L. Xu and C.-L. Yang, <i>XXL201910004</i> (SICAU 20-0003), living culture (SICAUCC 20-0003); Chongzhou City, 30°33’25.37”N, 103°39’30.67”E, alt. 511 m, on dead twigs of <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> L. (Fabaceae), 29.XI.2019, collected by C.-L. Yang, <i>XXL201911012</i> (SICAU 20-0006), living culture (SICAUCC 20-0006); on dead twigs of <i>Carya illinoinensis</i> (Wangenheim) K. Koch (Juglandaceae), 18.IX.2020, collected by X.-L. Xu, <i>XXL202009001</i> (SICAU 20- 0011), living culture (SICAUCC 20-0011); Chengdu City, Wenjiang District, 30°42’18.89”N, 103°51’30.42”E, alt. 545 m, on dead wood of <i>Chimonanthus praecox</i> (L.) Link (Calycanthaceae), 6.XI.2020, collected by X.-L. Xu, <i>XXL202011001</i> (SICAU 22-0001), living culture (SICAUCC 22-0001).</p> <p> ADDITIONAL GENBANK NUMBER. — SICAUCC 19-0011: <i>tub</i> 2, MT075597; <i>rpb</i> 2, MT027614. SICAUCC 19-0010: <i>tub</i> 2, MT075596; <i>rpb</i> 2, MT027613. SICAUCC 20-0003: <i>tub</i> 2, MT075588; <i>rpb</i> 2, MT075604. SICAUCC 20-0006: <i>tub</i> 2, MT075591; <i>rpb</i> 2, MT075607. SICAUCC 20-0011: <i>tub</i> 2, MW219742; <i>rpb</i> 2, MW219741. SICAUCC 22-0001: <i>tub</i> 2, OM371084; <i>rpb</i> 2, OM371083.</p> DESCRIPTION <p>Saprobic on decaying woody branches and twigs.</p> <i>Sexual morphology</i> <p> Ascomata 900-2870 µm long × 900-1720 wide × 470-660 high (<i>x</i> = 1909 × 1220 × 546 µm, n = 20), apothecioid, carbonaceous, scattered to gregarious, black, labiates and elliptic or irregular in shape, perpendicularly striate along the long axis, reddish brown to black on the disc. Exciple 36-83 µm wide (<i>x =</i> 62, n = 15), two-layered, outer layer comprising thick- walled, brown to hyaline cells of textura angularis and textura globulosa, inner layer comprising thinwalled, light brown to hyaline cells of textura angularis and textura prismatica. Hamathecium composed of 1.6-2.4 µm wide at the base, 2.5-4.0 µm wide at swollen tips (n = 20), dense, septate, pseudoparaphyses, branched and forming brown epithecium above the asci, slightly swollen at the apex, hymenium turns blue in Melzer’s reagent, J +. Asci 183- 214 × 13-20 µm (<i>x</i> = 202 × 16 µm, n = 15), (5-)8-spored, bitunicate, clavate to cylindrical, with short pedicel and apically rounded with an ocular chamber, J- in Melzer’s reagent. Ascospores 29-41 × 10-15 µm (<i>x</i> = 33 × 13 µm, n = 30), ellipsoidal or fusiform, straight or slightly curved, slightly pointed at both ends, partially overlapping, uniseriate, (2-)3-septate, constricted septum, light brown to dark brown, without a mucilaginous sheath.</p> <i>Asexual morphology</i> <p>Undetermined.</p> <i>Culture characteristics</i> <p>Ascospores germinating on PDA within 24 hours and germ tubes produced from any cell. Colonies growing on PDA reach 4 cm diam after five days at 25°C, flat, circular, initially white, gradually becoming yellow to gray.</p> NOTES <p> Morphological comparison shows <i>R. subrufulum</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. with similar perpendicular striations as typical <i>R. rufulum</i> and <i>R. esperanzae</i>. But the exciple of <i>R. subrufulum</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. (36-83 µm) is thinner than <i>R. rufulum</i> (75-228 µm) and <i>R. esperanzae</i> (60-220 µm), and the asci are wider than <i>R. rufulum</i> (16 µm vs 13.5 µm), and shorter than <i>R. esperanzae</i> (183-214 µm vs 250-270 µm). Furthermore, the asci are (5-)8-spored in <i>R. subrufulum</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov., 8-spored in <i>R. rufulum</i> and undescribed in <i>R. esperanzae</i>. And ascospores of <i>R. subrufulum</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. are larger than <i>R. rufulum</i>, but smaller than <i>R. esperanzae</i> (33 × 13 µm vs 31 × 11 µm vs 45 <i>×</i> 17 µm) (Thambugala <i>et al</i>. 2016; Cobos-Villagrán <i>et al</i>. 2021). It is worth mentioning that the specimen SICAU 19-0009 had a large number of fusiform and 1-septate ascospores obviously pointed at both ends, but those ascospores did not germinate at room temperature for a week. The LSU and SSU DNA sequences between <i>R. subrufulum</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. (SICAUCC 19-0011) and <i>R. rufulum</i> (MFLUCC 14-0577, MFLUCC 12-0013) are almost identical, but there are sufficient basepair differences in <i>tef-</i> 1 <i>α</i> (1.66 %, MFLUCC 14-0577) (no data, MFLUCC 12-0013) and ITS (1.47 %, MFLUCC 14-0577) (1.52 %, MFLUCC 12-0013) gene. In the comparison of <i>tef-</i> 1 <i>α</i> sequence, it shows 1.68 % differences between <i>R. subrufulum</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. and <i>R. esperanzae</i>, whereas no data on ITS sequence. With these morphological and DNA sequence differences, this species is identified as a new species named <i>R. subrufulum</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. A table summarizing major morphological differences among <i>Rhytidhysteron</i> species is shown in Table 2.</p>Published as part of <i>Xu, Xiu-Lan, Xiao, Qian-Gang, Yang, Chun-Lin, Jeewon, Rajesh & Liu, Ying-Gao, 2022, Multigene phylogenetic support for novel Rhytidhysteron Speg. species (Hysteriaceae) from Sichuan Province, China, pp. 63-79 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (3)</i> on page 72, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2022v43a3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7815283">http://zenodo.org/record/7815283</a>
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Pulsatilla saxatilis L. Xu & T. G. Kang 2022, sp. nov.
No full textPulsatilla saxatilis L. Xu & T.G. Kang, sp. nov., Figs. 1–3. Type:— CHINA. Liaoning, Fengcheng, Baiyun Mountain, on rocky cliffs, ca. 1100 m, 26 May 2015, L. Xu et al. 210682150526013 LY (holotype LNCM, isotypes IFP, IMD, LNCM, PE). Fig. 1. Diagnosis: From its putative closest ally, Pulsatilla chinensis (Fig. 4), the new species P. saxatilis is distinguishable by having light blue, whitish-blue or white (vs. violet) sepals and persistent styles 2–2.5 cm (vs. 3.5–6.5 cm) long (see Table 1). Description:—Perennial herb, 9–20 cm tall. Rhizome 0.5–1 cm in diameter. Basal leaves 6–11, leaf blade ovate, 2–3.5 × 1.5–3 cm, 3–foliolate or ternate-pinnate. Central leaflet long petiolulate, 0.5–2 cm long, cordate, 3–foliolate, central segment stipitate and deeply 3–lobed, ultimate lobes cuniform, 0.3–0.6 cm wide, apically 2–or 3–toothed, abaxially sparsely long pilose, adaxially glabrous; petiole 2–7.5 cm, densely white villose. Scapes solitary or 2, occasionally 3, erect, white villose. Involucral bracts 3 or 4, 1– 2.4 cm long, connate and tubular at base, apically palmately 3–lobed, apical palmate lobes lanceolate, abaxially densely long pilose. Flowers solitary, erect, 2–4 cm in diameter; sepals 6–11, light blue, whitish–blue or white, oblong-ovate, 1.5–2.5 × 0.4–1.4 cm, abaxially puberulent; stamens numerous, ca. 1/2 as long as sepals; carpels numerous, style yellow-green, stigma pale violet. Achenes 2.5–3 mm long, long pilose. Persistent styles 2–2.5 cm long, sparsely long pilose. Phenology:—Flowering in May; fruiting in June. Pollen morphology:—Pollen grains of Pulsatilla saxatilis are spheroidal and pantoporate, having 9–12 apertures (Fig. 5A, B). The pollen surface is rough and spinulate, and the spinules are unevenly distributed. The bases of the spinules are cushion-like, and the tops are acuminate. The spinules in the apertures are larger than those on the surface. In its putative closest ally, P. chinensis, pollen grains are tricolpate (Fig. 5C, D). Pollen morphology, therefore, lends strong support for the description of P. saxatilis as new. Distribution and habitat:— Pulsatilla saxatilis is currently known only from its type locality, i.e. Baiyun Mountain in Fengcheng, Liaoning province, north-east China (Fig. 6). It grows on rocky cliffs at an altitude of ca. 1100 m. Etymology:—The specific epithet, “ saxatilis ”, which means “dwelling or found among rocks”, refers to the habitat of the new species. Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Liaoning, Fengcheng, Baiyun Mountain, ca. 1100 m, on rocky cliffs, 22 May 2016, L . Xu et al. 210682160522032 LY (PE); the same locality, 22 May 2016, L . Xu et al. 210682160522032 LY (IFP, IMD, LNCM). Conservation status:— Pulsatilla saxatilis is currently known only from its type locality, with its distribution area being very small, although the population we observed in 2015 consisted of numerous individuals, and the habitat was in good condition, not disturbed by human activities. The conservation status of P. saxatilis may better be considered as “Endangered” (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2019).Published as part of Zhang, Ting-Ting, Zhang, Shu-Mei, Xu, Liang & Kang, Ting-Guo, 2022, Pulsatilla saxatilis (Ranunculaceae), a new species from north-east China, pp. 195-202 in Phytotaxa 539 (2) on pages 195-200, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.539.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/635819
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Rhytidhysteron sichuanensis X. - L. Xu & C. - L. Yang, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Rhytidhysteron sichuanensis</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. (Fig. 4) <p> HOLOTYPE. — <b>China</b>. Sichuan Province, Zizhong county, 29°46’28.29”N, 104°49’19.66”E, alt. 316 m, on dead twigs of <i>Citrus maxima</i> (Burm.) Merr. (Rutaceae), 8.VI.2019, collected by X.-L. Xu & C. - L. Yang, <i>XXL201906001</i> (holo-, SICAU 19-0004), ex-type living culture (SICAUCC 19-0005).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the place where the fungus was collected.</p> <p>INDEX FUNGORUM. — IF557217.</p> <p> ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — <b>China</b>. Sichuan Province, Zizhong county, 29°46’28.29”N, 104°49’19.66”E, alt. 316 m, on dead twigs of <i>Citrus reticulata</i> Blanco (Rutaceae), 20.III.2019, collected by X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, <i>YCL201903006</i> (SICAU 19- 0008), living culture (SICAUCC 19-0009); on dead twigs of <i>Citrus reticulata</i> Blanco ‘Ponkan’ (Rutaceae), 8.VI.2019, <i>XXL201906003</i> (SICAU 19-0005), living culture (SICAUCC 19-0006); 5.IV.2019, <i>YCL201904001</i> (SICAU 19-0007), living culture (SICAUCC 19- 0008); 29°46’22.97”N, 104°49’12.20”E, alt. 303 m, on dead twigs of <i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i> (Linnaeus) L’Heritier ex Ventenat (Moraceae), 19.X.2019, collected by X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, <i>XXL201910003</i> (SICAU 20-0002), living culture (SICAUCC 20-0002); Ya’an City, Yucheng District, 30°8’7.84”N, 103°3’21.29”E, alt. 907 m, on dead twigs of <i>Lagerstroemia indica</i> L. (Lythraceae), 28.XI.2019, collected by C.-L. Yang, <i>XXL201911005</i> (SICAU 20-0005), living culture (SICAUCC 20-0005).</p> <p> ADDITIONAL GENBANK NUMBER. — SICAUCC 19-0005: <i>tub</i> 2, MT075592; <i>rpb</i> 2, MT027608. SICAUCC 19-0006: <i>tub</i> 2, MT075593; <i>rpb</i> 2, MT027609. SICAUCC 19-0008: <i>tub</i> 2, MT075595; <i>rpb</i> 2, MT027611. SICAUCC 19-0009: <i>rpb</i> 2, MT027612. SICAUCC 20- 0002: <i>tub</i> 2, MT075587; <i>rpb</i> 2, MT075603. SICAUCC 20-0005: <i>tub</i> 2, MT075590; <i>rpb</i> 2, MT075606.</p> DESCRIPTION <p>Saprobic on decaying woody branches and twigs.</p> <i>Sexual morphology</i> <p> Ascomata 930-2370 µm long × 760-1930 µm wide × 280- 820 µm high (<i>x</i> = 1318 × 1249 × 479 µm, n = 20), apothecioid, carbonaceous, scattered to gregarious, semi-immersed, black, exposed with irregular, oval to circular in outline, reddish brown, or brown to black disc, folded along the margins with perpendicularly striate along the long axis, compressed at the apex. Exciple 60-107 µm wide (<i>x</i> = 80 µm, n = 15), two-layered, outer layer is composed of thick-walled, dark brown to brown cells of textura globulosa, inner layer is composed of thin-walled, hyaline to light brown cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium composed of 1.3-3.2 µm wide at the base, 3.1-4.9 µm wide at swollen tips (n = 20), dense, hyaline, septate pseudoparaphyses, branched and forming a yellow epithecium above the asci, slightly swollen with dense septa at the apex. Hymenium turns blue in Melzer’s reagent, J +. Asci 143-196 <i>×</i> 9.9-13 µm (<i>x</i> = 169 × 12 µm, n = 30), 6-8-spored, bitunicate, clavate to cylindrical, short pedicellate and apically rounded with an ocular chamber, J- in Melzer’s reagent. Ascospores 18-30 <i>×</i> 8-11 µm (<i>x</i> = 24 × 9.6 µm, n = 40), partially overlapping, uniseriate, 1-2-3-septate, frequently 3-septate, ellipsoid or fusoid, straight or slightly curved, constricted septum, olive-green to brown or dark brown, without a mucilaginous sheath.</p> <i>Asexual morphology</i> <p>Undetermined.</p> <i>Culture characteristics</i> <p>Ascospores germinating on PDA within 24 hours and germ tubes produced from any cell. Colonies growing on PDA reach 3 cm diam after six days at 25°C, flat, circular, initially white, becoming gray to dark gray or reddish brown.</p> NOTES <p> The new species <i>Rhytidhysteron sichuanensis</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. differs from <i>R. thailandium</i> in size of ascomata (930-2370 × 760-1930 × 280-820 µm vs 700- 1200 × 530-750 × 360-640 µm), the width of exciple (60- 107 µm, vs 72-130 µm), the length of asci (143-196 µm vs 135-160 µm), the ascospore septation (1-2-3-septate vs 3-septate), and the color of ascospore. <i>R. sichuanensis</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. is phylogenetically close to <i>R. thailandicum</i>.We compared the nucleotides of LSU, SSU, <i>tef-</i> 1 <i>α</i> and ITS gene regions to <i>R. thailandicum</i> (holo-, MFLUCC 14-0503). <i>R. sichuanensis</i> X.-L. Xu & C.-L. Yang, sp. nov. has 20 (<i>tef-</i> 1 <i>α</i>, 2.15 %), 11 (ITS, 2.16 %) base-pair differences to <i>R. thailandicum</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Xu, Xiu-Lan, Xiao, Qian-Gang, Yang, Chun-Lin, Jeewon, Rajesh & Liu, Ying-Gao, 2022, Multigene phylogenetic support for novel Rhytidhysteron Speg. species (Hysteriaceae) from Sichuan Province, China, pp. 63-79 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (3)</i> on pages 70-72, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2022v43a3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7815283">http://zenodo.org/record/7815283</a>
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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