349 research outputs found
The provisions of the ABGB about the new regulations of the legal share (§§ 756 - 792 ABGB) : essential content and linguistic revision
No full textIn der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Paragraphen 756-792 des ABGB behandelt. Es wird auf den Inhalt der Normen eingegangen, Literatur und Rechtsprechung dazu erläutert, Kritik aufgezeigt und es werden auch eigene Gedanken inkludiert. Das ABGB besteht seit 1811 und zahlreiche Normen haben sich bis heute nicht verändert. Dementsprechend sind sowohl Inhalt, als auch sprachliche Aspekte nicht mehr zeitgemäß. Im Bereich des Erbrechts hat es durch das Erbrechtsänderungsgesetz 2015 (ErbRÄG 2015) eine wesentliche, grundlegende Reform gegeben, welche einen großen Teil des ABGB modernisiert hat. Auch das Pflichtteilsrecht, welches der Kernpunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit ist, wurde durch das ErbRÄG 2015 großen Änderungen in sprachlicher und inhaltlicher Hinsicht unterworfen. Dennoch bestehen weiterhin einige Mängel: Aufgrund der schnellen Durchführung der Reform wurde einiger Änderungsbedarf übersehen, teilweise wurden die Neuerungen nicht zufriedenstellend an das ABGB angepasst und manchmal wurdendurch die Modernisierungen neue Probleme und Auslegungsschwierigkeiten geschaffen. Um dieses „neue“ Pflichtteilsrecht sowohl für Juristen als auch für juristische Laien möglichst klar und verständlich zu erklären, soll im ersten großen Teil der Arbeit auf den Inhalt der betreffenden Normen eingegangen werden. Dabei werden der Gesetzestext sowie die Gesetzesmaterialienerläutert, Meinungen aus der Literatur dargestellt und Beispiele aus der Rechtsprechung gegeben. Es wird auf Zweifelsfragen sowie Schwierigkeiten bei Auslegung und Sprachverständnis hingewiesen und auch die eigene Meinung klargestellt. Im zweiten großen Part erfolgt eine Aufstellung der betreffenden Normen in tabellarischer Form, um einen geordneten Überblick zu ermöglichen. Neben den geltenden Gesetzesbestimmungen werden in dieser TabelleVorschläge für sprachliche bzw strukturelle Verbesserungen sowie Alternativen in inhaltlicher Hinsicht dargestellt.This diploma thesis examines the paragraphs 756-792 of the ABGB, which deal with the regulations of the legal portion. There is an explanation of the content of the provisions,as well as a consideration of literature and case law. Moreover, criticizing and agreeing opinions are presented and personal thoughts are included. The Austrian Civil Code exists since 1811 and many statutes have never changed since the beginning. Therefore, both substantial and linguistic aspects are often old-fashioned. In the sector of the law of succession, there was a big, fundamental reform because of the “Erbrechtsänderungsgesetz 2015 (ErbRÄG 2015)”,which modernized a huge part of the whole Civil Code. Also, the law of legal portion, which is the main interest of this paper, was completely changed regarding content and language. Nevertheless, there still are some shortcomings: Because of the speed of processing the reform, some need of change was overlooked. Moreover, the adaption of several alterations is not satisfying. Finally, due to the modernization, new problems developed and complications with the interpretation of some regulations occurred. To explain this “new” law of legal portion as clearly and understandably as possible for jurists, as well as for juristic laymen, there is a description of the content in the first part of this thesis. The provisions, as well as the working material of the statutes are discussed,opinions from literature are presented and examples from legal practice are given. The paper points out questions of doubt, problems of interpretation and confusions among linguistic aspects. Furthermore, the author sometimes declares her own view. In the second big part of the thesis, the concerning regulations are pictured in a tabular form, in order to give a clear overview. Next to the ruling provisions, the paper presents suggestions for linguistic improvements in this part, as well as alternatives regarding content and structure.vorgelegt von Anna VaclavekAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der VerfasserinDiplomarbeit Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz 2017 R885
The provisions of the ABGB about the new regulations of the legal share (§§ 756 - 792 ABGB) : essential content and linguistic revision
No full textIn der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Paragraphen 756-792 des ABGB behandelt. Es wird auf den Inhalt der Normen eingegangen, Literatur und Rechtsprechung dazu erläutert, Kritik aufgezeigt und es werden auch eigene Gedanken inkludiert. Das ABGB besteht seit 1811 und zahlreiche Normen haben sich bis heute nicht verändert. Dementsprechend sind sowohl Inhalt, als auch sprachliche Aspekte nicht mehr zeitgemäß. Im Bereich des Erbrechts hat es durch das Erbrechtsänderungsgesetz 2015 (ErbRÄG 2015) eine wesentliche, grundlegende Reform gegeben, welche einen großen Teil des ABGB modernisiert hat. Auch das Pflichtteilsrecht, welches der Kernpunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit ist, wurde durch das ErbRÄG 2015 großen Änderungen in sprachlicher und inhaltlicher Hinsicht unterworfen. Dennoch bestehen weiterhin einige Mängel: Aufgrund der schnellen Durchführung der Reform wurde einiger Änderungsbedarf übersehen, teilweise wurden die Neuerungen nicht zufriedenstellend an das ABGB angepasst und manchmal wurdendurch die Modernisierungen neue Probleme und Auslegungsschwierigkeiten geschaffen. Um dieses „neue“ Pflichtteilsrecht sowohl für Juristen als auch für juristische Laien möglichst klar und verständlich zu erklären, soll im ersten großen Teil der Arbeit auf den Inhalt der betreffenden Normen eingegangen werden. Dabei werden der Gesetzestext sowie die Gesetzesmaterialienerläutert, Meinungen aus der Literatur dargestellt und Beispiele aus der Rechtsprechung gegeben. Es wird auf Zweifelsfragen sowie Schwierigkeiten bei Auslegung und Sprachverständnis hingewiesen und auch die eigene Meinung klargestellt. Im zweiten großen Part erfolgt eine Aufstellung der betreffenden Normen in tabellarischer Form, um einen geordneten Überblick zu ermöglichen. Neben den geltenden Gesetzesbestimmungen werden in dieser TabelleVorschläge für sprachliche bzw strukturelle Verbesserungen sowie Alternativen in inhaltlicher Hinsicht dargestellt.This diploma thesis examines the paragraphs 756-792 of the ABGB, which deal with the regulations of the legal portion. There is an explanation of the content of the provisions,as well as a consideration of literature and case law. Moreover, criticizing and agreeing opinions are presented and personal thoughts are included. The Austrian Civil Code exists since 1811 and many statutes have never changed since the beginning. Therefore, both substantial and linguistic aspects are often old-fashioned. In the sector of the law of succession, there was a big, fundamental reform because of the “Erbrechtsänderungsgesetz 2015 (ErbRÄG 2015)”,which modernized a huge part of the whole Civil Code. Also, the law of legal portion, which is the main interest of this paper, was completely changed regarding content and language. Nevertheless, there still are some shortcomings: Because of the speed of processing the reform, some need of change was overlooked. Moreover, the adaption of several alterations is not satisfying. Finally, due to the modernization, new problems developed and complications with the interpretation of some regulations occurred. To explain this “new” law of legal portion as clearly and understandably as possible for jurists, as well as for juristic laymen, there is a description of the content in the first part of this thesis. The provisions, as well as the working material of the statutes are discussed,opinions from literature are presented and examples from legal practice are given. The paper points out questions of doubt, problems of interpretation and confusions among linguistic aspects. Furthermore, the author sometimes declares her own view. In the second big part of the thesis, the concerning regulations are pictured in a tabular form, in order to give a clear overview. Next to the ruling provisions, the paper presents suggestions for linguistic improvements in this part, as well as alternatives regarding content and structure.vorgelegt von Anna VaclavekAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der VerfasserinDiplomarbeit Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz 2017 R885
Optimisation of Air-Temperature Control in a Three-Zone Food Transportation Trailer Using Multiple Evaporators.
No full textThree main objectives of thesis: i) to provide a data acquisition and control system that would enable the performance of a multi-evaporator system to be thoroughly investigated by experiment, ii) to improve air temperature control using a multi-evaporator system accommodated in three-zone food transportation trailer, and iii) to generate an empirical model that would enable system cooling capacity performance to be predicted. Combining the presented thesis with the cited publications, it is believed that a reasonable of the multi-evaporator system performance has been provided for the first time.Available from STL Prague, CZ / NTK - National Technical LibrarySIGLECZCzech Republi
Combined Search for UHE Neutrinos from Binary Black Hole Mergers with the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textWe present searches for ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos (> 0.1 EeV) with the Pierre Auger Observatory, following up binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected by the LIGO and Virgo detectors via gravitational waves (GWs). In this work, the so-far published BBH mergers are combined as standard candles with a hypothetical isotropic UHE neutrino luminosity L(t − t0) as a function of the time after the respective merger, t − t0. The UHE neutrino emission spectrum is assumed to follow a power law distribution ∝ Ev−2. Using these assumptions, L(t − t0) is probed, taking into account the instantaneous effective area of the Pierre Auger Observatory to UHE neutrinos and the 3D sky localizations of the sources. No UHE neutrino candidates have been found and upper limits on L(t − t0) are obtained for the hypothetical cases of emissions lasting 24 hours and 60 days after the merger, respectively. The corresponding upper limit on the total energy per source emitted in UHE neutrinos does not depend on the emission duration and demonstrates the competitiveness of the Pierre Auger Observatory with dedicated neutrino telescopes
Impact of the magnetic horizon on the interpretation of the Pierre Auger Observatory spectrum and composition data
No full textThe flux of ultra-high energy cosmic rays reaching Earth above the ankle energy (5 EeV) can be described as a mixture of nuclei injected by extragalactic sources with very hard spectra and a low rigidity cutoff. Extragalactic magnetic fields existing between the Earth and the closest sources can affect the observed CR spectrum by reducing the flux of low-rigidity particles reaching Earth. We perform a combined fit of the spectrum and distributions of depth of shower maximum measured with the Pierre Auger Observatory including the effect of this magnetic horizon in the propagation of UHECRs in the intergalactic space. We find that, within a specific range of the various experimental and phenomenological systematics, the magnetic horizon effect can be relevant for turbulent magnetic field strengths in the local neighbourhood in which the closest sources lie of order B-rms similar or equal to (50-100) nG(20Mpc/ds)(100 kpc/L-coh)(1/2), with d(s) the typical intersource separation and L-coh the magnetic field coherence length. When this is the case, the inferred slope of the source spectrum becomes softer and can be closer to the expectations of diffusive shock acceleration, i.e., proportional to E-2. An additional cosmic-ray population with higher source density and softer spectra, presumably also extragalactic and dominating the cosmic-ray flux at EeV energies, is also required to reproduce the overall spectrum and composition results for all energies down to 0.6 EeV
Prospects for a survey of the galactic plane with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
No full textAbe, S. et al.-- Full list of authors: Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Abhishek, A.; Acero, F.; Acharyya, A.; Adam, R.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aguirre-Santaella, A.; Alfaro, J.; Alvarez-Crespo, N.; Alves Batista, R.; Amans, J. -P.; Amato, E.; Ambrosi, G.; Ambrosino, F.; Angüner, E. O.; Aramo, C.; Arcaro, C.; Arrabito, L.; Asano, K.; Ascasíbar, Y.; Aschersleben, J.; Augusto Stuani, L.; Backes, M.; Balazs, C.; Balbo, M.; Ballet, J.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Barbosa Martins, V.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Batzofin, R.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Beck, G.; Beiske, L.; Belmont, R.; Benbow, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Bernlöhr, K.; Berti, A.; Bertucci, B.; Beshley, V.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Bhattacharyya, S.; Bi, B.; Biederbeck, N.; Biland, A.; Bissaldi, E.; Biteau, J.; Blanch, O.; Blazek, J.; Bocchino, F.; Boisson, C.; Bolmont, J.; Bonneau Arbeletche, L.; Bonnoli, G.; Bonollo, A.; Bordas, P.; Bosnjak, Z.; Bottacini, E.; Braiding, C.; Bronzini, E.; Brose, R.; Brown, A. M.; Brun, F.; Brunelli, G.; Bucciantini, N.; Bulgarelli, A.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Burton, M.; Burtovoi, A.; Bylund, T.; Calisse, P. G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Cantlay, B. K.; Caproni, A.; Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R.; Caraveo, P.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carquin, E.; Carrasco, M. -S.; Cascone, E.; Cassol, F.; Castrejon, N.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cerasole, D.; Cerruti, M.; Chadwick, P. M.; Chambery, P.; Chaty, S.; Chen, A. W.; Chernyakova, M.; Chiavassa, A.; Chytka, L.; Cifuentes, A.; Coimbra Araujo, C. H.; Conforti, V.; Conte, F.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Costa, A.; Costantini, H.; Cotter, G.; Crestan, S.; Cristofari, P.; Cuevas, O.; Curtis-Ginsberg, Z.; D'Aì, A.; D'Amico, G.; D'Ammando, F.; Dadina, M.; Dalchenko, M.; David, L.; Dazzi, F.; de Bony de Lavergne, M.; De Caprio, V.; De Frondat Laadim, F.; de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M.; De Lotto, B.; De Lucia, M.; de Martino, D.; de Menezes, R.; de Naurois, M.; de Ona Wilhelmi, E.; de Souza, V.; del Peral, L.; Delgado Giler, A. G.; Delgado, C.; Dell'aiera, M.; Della Valle, M.; della Volpe, D.; Depaoli, D.; Di Girolamo, T.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Díaz, C.; Diebold, S.; Dinesh, A.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; Djuvsland, J.; Domínguez, A.; Dominik, R. M.; Donini, A.; Dörner, J.; Doro, M.; dos Anjos, R. D. C.; Dournaux, J. -L.; Duangchan, C.; Dubos, C.; Dubus, G.; Duffy, S.; Dumora, D.; Dwarkadas, V. V.; Ebr, J.; Eckner, C.; Egberts, K.; Einecke, S.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Errando, M.; Escanuela, C.; Escarate, P.; Escobar Godoy, M.; Escudero, J.; Esposito, P.; Evoli, C.; Falceta-Goncalves, D.; Fattorini, A.; Fegan, S.; Feijen, K.; Feng, Q.; Ferrand, G.; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiandrini, E.; Fiasson, A.; Filipovic, M.; Fioretti, V.; Fiori, M.; Flores, H.; Foffano, L.; Font Guiteras, L.; Fontaine, G.; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Fukui, Y.; Funk, S.; Furniss, A.; Gaggero, D.; Galanti, G.; Galaz, G.; Gallant, Y. A.; Gallozzi, S.; Gammaldi, V.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasbarra, C.; Gasparrini, D.; Gaug, M.; Ghalumyan, A.; Giarrusso, M.; Giesbrecht, J.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Giuffrida, R.; Giuliani, A.; Glicenstein, J. -F.; Glombitza, J.; Godinovic, N.; Goldoni, P.; González, J. M.; Goulart Coelho, J.; Granot, J.; Grasso, D.; Grau, R.; Gréaux, L.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Greenshaw, T.; Grenier, I.; Grolleron, G.; Grondin, M. -H.; Gueta, O.; Gunji, S.; Hackfeld, J.; Hadasch, D.; Hanlon, W.; Hara, S.; Harvey, V. M.; Hassan, T.; Hayashi, K.; Heckmann, L.; Heller, M.; Hermann, G.; Hernández Cadena, S.; Hervet, O.; Hinton, J.; Hiroshima, N.; Hnatyk, B.; Hnatyk, R.; Hofmann, W.; Holder, J.; Holler, M.; Horan, D.; Horvath, P.; Hovatta, T.; Hrabovsky, M.; Iarlori, M.; Inada, T.; Incardona, F.; Inoue, S.; Iocco, F.; Iori, M.; Jamrozy, M.; Janecek, P.; Jankowsky, F.; Jarnot, C.; Jean, P.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jin, W.; Juramy-Gilles, C.; Jurysek, J.; Kagaya, M.; Kalekin, O.; Kantzas, D.; Karas, V.; Katagiri, H.; Kataoka, J.; Kaufmann, S.; Kazanas, D.; Kerszberg, D.; Khélifi, B.; Kieda, D. B.; Kissmann, R.; Kleiner, T.; Kluge, G.; Kluźniak, W.; Knödlseder, J.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kohri, K.; Komin, N.; Kornecki, P.; Kosack, K.; Kostunin, D.; Kowal, G.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; La Barbera, A.; La Palombara, N.; Láinez, M.; Lamastra, A.; Lapington, J.; Laporte, P.; Lazarević, S.; Lazendic-Galloway, J.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lenain, J. -P.; Leone, F.; Leto, G.; Leuschner, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, M.; Liodakis, I.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Lucarelli, F.; Luque-Escamilla, P. L.; Lyard, E.; Macias, O.; Mackey, J.; Maier, G.; Malyshev, D.; Mandat, D.; Manicò, G.; Marcowith, A.; Marinos, P.; Mariotti, M.; Markoff, S.; Marquez, P.; Marsella, G.; Martí, J.; Martin, P.; Martínez, G. A.; Martínez, M.; Martinez, O.; Marty, C.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mastropietro, M.; Maurin, G.; Mazin, D.; McKeague, S.; Mello, A. J. T. S.; Menchiari, S.; Mereghetti, S.; Mestre, E.; Meunier, J. -L.; Meyer, D. M. -A.; Miceli, D.; Miceli, M.; Michailidis, M.; Michałowski, J.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mitchell, A.; Mizuno, T.; Moderski, R.; Mohrmann, L.; Molero, M.; Molfese, C.; Molina, E.; Montaruli, T.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Morik, K.; Morlino, G.; Morselli, A.; Moulin, E.; Moya Zamanillo, V.; Mukherjee, R.; Munari, K.; Murach, T.; Muraczewski, A.; Muraishi, H.; Nagataki, S.; Nakamori, T.; Nemmen, R.; Nickel, L.; Niemiec, J.; Nieto, D.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nikołajuk, M.; Nikolić, L.; Noda, K.; Nosek, D.; Novosyadlyj, B.; Novotny, V.; Nozaki, S.; Ohishi, M.; Ohtani, Y.; Okumura, A.; Olive, J. -F.; Olmi, B.; Ong, R. A.; Orienti, M.; Orito, R.; Orlandini, M.; Orlando, E.; Orlando, S.; Ostrowski, M.; Oya, I.; Pagano, I.; Pagliaro, A.; Palatiello, M.; Panebianco, G.; Paneque, D.; Pantaleo, F. R.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Parmiggiani, N.; Patel, S. R.; Patricelli, B.; Pavlović, D.; Pech, M.; Pecimotika, M.; Peresano, M.; Pérez-Romero, J.; Pérez-Torres, M. A.; Peron, G.; Persic, M.; Petrucci, P. -O.; Petruk, O.; Piano, G.; Pierre, E.; Pietropaolo, E.; Pihet, M.; Pintore, F.; Pittori, C.; Plard, C.; Podobnik, F.; Pohl, M.; Pons, E.; Ponti, G.; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Produit, N.; Prokhorov, D.; Pueschel, E.; Pühlhofer, G.; Pumo, M. L.; Punch, M.; Queiroz, F.; Quirrenbach, A.; Rando, R.; Ravel, T.; Razzaque, S.; Regeard, M.; Reichherzer, P.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Remy, Q.; Renaud, M.; Reposeur, T.; Rhode, W.; Ribeiro, D.; Ribó, M.; Richtler, T.; Rico, J.; Rieger, F.; Rigoselli, M.; Rizi, V.; Roache, E.; Rodriguez Fernandez, G.; Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J.; Romano, P.; Romeo, G.; Rosado, J.; Rosales de Leon, A.; Rowell, G.; Rudak, B.; Ruiter, A. J.; Rulten, C. B.; Russo, F.; Sadeh, I.; Saha, L.; Saito, T.; Salzmann, H.; Sánchez-Conde, M.; Sangiorgi, P.; Sano, H.; Santander, M.; Santangelo, A.; Santos-Lima, R.; Sapienza, V.; Šarić, T.; Sarkar, S.; Saturni, F. G.; Scherer, A.; Schiavone, F.; Schipani, P.; Schleicher, B.; Schovanek, P.; Schubert, J. L.; Schussler, F.; Schwanke, U.; Schwefer, G.; Seglar Arroyo, M.; Seitenzahl, I.; Sergijenko, O.; Servillat, M.; Sguera, V.; Sharma, P.; Siejkowski, H.; Siqueira, C.; Sizun, P.; Sliusar, V.; Slowikowska, A.; Sol, H.; Spencer, S. T.; Spiga, D.; Stamerra, A.; Stanič, S.; Starling, R.; Stawarz, Ł.; Steinmassl, S.; Steppa, C.; Stolarczyk, T.; Suda, Y.; Suomijärvi, T.; Tajima, H.; Takeishi, R.; Tanaka, S. J.; Tavecchio, F.; Tavernier, T.; Terada, Y.; Terrier, R.; Teshima, M.; Tian, W. W.; Tibaldo, L.; Tibolla, O.; Torradeflot, F.; Torres, D. F.; Tothill, N.; Toussenel, F.; Touzard, V.; Travnicek, P.; Tripodo, G.; Trois, A.; Tsiahina, A.; Tutone, A.; Umana, G.; Vaclavek, L.; Vacula, M.; Vallania, P.; van Eldik, C.; Vassiliev, V.; Vazquez Acosta, M. L.; Vecchi, M.; Ventura, S.; Vercellone, S.; Verna, G.; Viana, A.; Viaux, N.; Vigliano, A.; Vignatti, J.; Vigorito, C. F.; Villanueva, J.; Vink, J.; Vitale, V.; Vodeb, V.; Voisin, V.; Vorobiov, S.; Voutsinas, G.; Vovk, I.; Vuillaume, T.; Waegebaert, V.; Wagner, S. J.; Walter, R.; Wechakama, M.; White, R.; Wierzcholska, A.; Williams, D. A.; Wohlleben, F.; Yamazaki, R.; Yang, L.; Yoshida, T.; Yoshikoshi, T.; Zacharias, M.; Zaharijas, G.; Zampieri, L.; Zanin, R.; Zavrtanik, D.; Zavrtanik, M.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zech, A.; Zhdanov, V. I.; Ziętara, K.; Živec, M.; Zuriaga-Puig, J.; De la Torre Luque, P.; Guillemot, L.; Smith, D. A.; CTA ConsortiumApproximately one hundred sources of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays are known in the Milky Way, detected with a combination of targeted observations and surveys. A survey of the entire Galactic Plane in the energy range from a few tens of GeV to a few hundred TeV has been proposed as a Key Science Project for the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). This article presents the status of the studies towards the Galactic Plane Survey (GPS). We build and make publicly available a sky model that combines data from recent observations of known gamma-ray emitters with state-of-the-art physically-driven models of synthetic populations of the three main classes of established Galactic VHE sources (pulsar wind nebulae, young and interacting supernova remnants, and compact binary systems), as well as of interstellar emission from cosmic-ray interactions in the Milky Way. We also perform an optimisation of the observation strategy (pointing pattern and scheduling) based on recent estimations of the instrument performance. We use the improved sky model and observation strategy to simulate GPS data corresponding to a total observation time of 1620 hours spread over ten years. Data are then analysed using the methods and software tools under development for real data. Under our model assumptions and for the realisation considered, we show that the GPS has the potential to increase the number of known Galactic VHE emitters by almost a factor of five. This corresponds to the detection of more than two hundred pulsar wind nebulae and a few tens of supernova remnants at average integral fluxes one order of magnitude lower than in the existing sample above 1 TeV, therefore opening the possibility to perform unprecedented population studies. The GPS also has the potential to provide new VHE detections of binary systems and pulsars, to confirm the existence of a hypothetical population of gamma-ray pulsars with an additional TeV emission component, and to detect bright sources capable of accelerating particles to PeV energies (PeVatrons). Furthermore, the GPS will constitute a pathfinder for deeper follow-up observations of these source classes. Finally, we show that we can extract from GPS data an estimate of the contribution to diffuse emission from unresolved sources, and that there are good prospects of detecting interstellar emission and statistically distinguishing different scenarios. Thus, a survey of the entire Galactic plane carried out from both hemispheres with CTAO will ensure a transformational advance in our knowledge of Galactic VHE source populations and interstellar emission. © 2024 The Author(s).We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the following agencies and organisations:
State Committee of Science of Armenia, Armenia; The Australian Research Council, Astronomy Australia Ltd, The University of Adelaide, Australian National University, Monash
University, The University of New South Wales, The University of Sydney, Western Sydney
University, Australia; Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research, and Innsbruck
University, Austria; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq),
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Fundação de Apoio à Ciência, Tecnologia
e Inovação do Paraná — Fundação Araucária, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovations
and Communications (MCTIC), Brasil; Ministry of Education and Science, National RI
Roadmap Project DO1-153/28.08.2018, Bulgaria; The Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Space Agency, Canada; CONICYT-Chile grants CATA AFB 170002, ANID PIA/APOYO AFB 180002, ACT 1406, FONDECYT-Chile
grants, 1161463, 1170171, 1190886, 1171421, 1170345, 1201582, Gemini-ANID 32180007,
Chile, W.M. gratefully acknowledges support by the ANID BASAL projects ACE210002
and FB210003, and FONDECYT 11190853; Croatian Science Foundation, Rudjer Boskovic
Institute, University of Osijek, University of Rijeka, University of Split, Faculty of Electrical
Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Faculty
of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Croatia; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports,
MEYS LM2015046, LM2018105, LTT17006, EU/MEYS CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001403,
CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016007 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000754, Czech Republic; Academy of Finland (grant nr.317636 and 320045), Finland; Ministry of Higher
Education and Research, CNRS-INSU and CNRS-IN2P3, CEA-Irfu, ANR, Regional Council
Ile de France, Labex ENIGMASS, OCEVU, OSUG2020 and P2IO, France; The German
Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the German Research
Foundation (DFG, with Collaborative Research Centres 876 & 1491), and the Helmholtz
Association, Germany; Department of Atomic Energy, Department of Science and Technology, India; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
(INFN), MIUR, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF-OABRERA) Grant Fondazione
Cariplo/Regione Lombardia ID 2014-1980/RST_ERC, Italy; ICRR, University of Tokyo,
JSPS, MEXT, Japan; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), Netherlands
Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), Netherlands; University of Oslo, Norway; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, DIR/WK/2017/12, the National Centre for Research
and Development and the National Science Centre, UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00583, Poland;
Slovenian Research Agency, grants P1-0031, P1-0385, I0-0033, J1-9146, J1-1700, N1-0111,
and the Young Researcher program, Slovenia; South African Department of Science and
Technology and National Research Foundation through the South African Gamma-Ray
Astronomy Programme, South Africa; The Spanish groups acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Spanish Research State Agency (AEI) through
the government budget lines PGE2021/28.06.000X.411.01, PGE2022/28.06.000X.411.01
and PGE2022/28.06.000X.711.04, and grants PID2022-139117NB-C44, PID2019-104114RBC31, PID2019-107847RB-C44, PID2019-104114RB-C32, PID2019-105510GB-C31, PID2019-
104114RB-C33, PID2019-107847RB-C41, PID2019-107847RB-C43, PID2019-107847RB-C42,
PID2019-107988GB-C22, PID2021-124581OB-I00, PID2021-125331NB-I00; the “Centro de
Excelencia Severo Ochoa” program through grants no. CEX2019-000920-S, CEX2020-001007-
S, CEX2021-001131-S; the “Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu” program through grants
no. CEX2019-000918-M, CEX2020-001058-M; the “Ramón y Cajal” program through grants
RYC2021-032552-I, RYC2021-032991-I, RYC2020-028639-I and RYC-2017-22665; the “Juan
de la Cierva-Incorporación” program through grants no. IJC2018-037195-I, IJC2019-040315-I.
They also acknowledge the “Atracción de Talento” program of Comunidad de Madrid through
grant no. 2019-T2/TIC-12900; the project “Tecnologiás avanzadas para la exploracioń del
universo y sus componentes” (PR47/21 TAU), funded by Comunidad de Madrid, by the
Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan from the Spanish State, and by NextGenerationEU from the European Union through the Recovery and Resilience Facility; the La Caixa
Banking Foundation, grant no. LCF/BQ/PI21/11830030; the “Programa Operativo” FEDER 2014-2020, Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento de la Junta de Andalucía (ref. 1257737),
PAIDI 2020 (ref. P18-FR-1580) and Universidad de Jaén; “Programa Operativo de Crecimiento Inteligente” FEDER 2014-2020 (ref. ESFRI-2017-IAC-12), Ministerio de Ciencia e
Innovación, 15% co-financed by Consejería de Economía, Industria, Comercio y Conocimiento
del Gobierno de Canarias; the “CERCA” program and the grant 2021SGR00426, both funded
by the Generalitat de Catalunya; and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 GA:824064 and
NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17.I1); Swedish Research Council, Royal Physiographic Society
of Lund, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, The Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at Lunarc (Lund), Sweden; State Secretariat for Education, Research and
Innovation (SERI) and Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; Durham
University, Leverhulme Trust, Liverpool University, University of Leicester, University of
Oxford, Royal Society, Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.; U.S. National Science
Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, Argonne National Laboratory, Barnard College,
University of California, University of Chicago, Columbia University, Georgia Institute of
Technology, Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics (INPAC-MRPI program), Iowa
State University, the Smithsonian Institution, V.V.D. is funded by NSF grant AST-1911061,
Washington University McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, The University of Wisconsin
and the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, U.S.A..
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreements No 262053 and
No 317446. This project is receiving funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programs under agreement No 676134.
This research made use of ctools, a community-developed gamma-ray astronomy science
analysis software. ctools is based on GammaLib, a community-developed toolbox for the
scientific analysis of astronomical gamma-ray data. This research made use of gammapy,12
a community-developed core Python package for TeV gamma-ray astronomy.Peer reviewe
Impact of the magnetic horizon on the interpretation of the Pierre Auger Observatory spectrum and composition data
No full textThe flux of ultra-high energy cosmic rays reaching Earth above the ankle energy (5 EeV) can be described as a mixture of nuclei injected by extragalactic sources with very hard spectra and a low rigidity cutoff. Extragalactic magnetic fields existing between the Earth and the closest sources can affect the observed CR spectrum by reducing the flux of low-rigidity particles reaching Earth. We perform a combined fit of the spectrum and distributions of depth of shower maximum measured with the Pierre Auger Observatory including the effect of this magnetic horizon in the propagation of UHECRs in the intergalactic space. We find that, within a specific range of the various experimental and phenomenological systematics, the magnetic horizon effect can be relevant for turbulent magnetic field strengths in the local neighbourhood in which the closest sources lie of order B ≃ (50–100) nG (20 Mpc/d)( 100 kpc/L), with d the typical intersource separation and L the magnetic field coherence length. When this is the case, the inferred slope of the source spectrum becomes softer and can be closer to the expectations of diffusive shock acceleration, i.e., ∝ E. An additional cosmic-ray population with higher source density and softer spectra, presumably also extragalactic and dominating the cosmic-ray flux at EeV energies, is also required to reproduce the overall spectrum and composition results for all energies down to 0.6 EeV
Combined Search for UHE Neutrinos from Binary Black Hole Mergers with the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textWe present searches for ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos (>0.1EeV) with the Pierre Auger Observatory, following up binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected by the LIGO and Virgo detectors via gravitational waves (GWs). In this work, the so-far published BBH~mergers are combined as standard candles with a hypothetical isotropic UHE~neutrino luminosity L(t−t) as a function of the time after the respective merger, t−t. The UHE~neutrino emission spectrum is assumed to follow a power law distribution ∝E. Using these assumptions, L(t−t) is probed, taking into account the instantaneous effective area of the Pierre Auger Observatory to UHE~neutrinos and the 3D sky localizations of the sources. No UHE~neutrino candidates have been found and upper limits on L(t−t) are obtained for the hypothetical cases of emissions lasting 24 hours and 60 days after the merger, respectively. The corresponding upper limit on the total energy per source emitted in UHE~neutrinos does not depend on the emission duration and demonstrates the competitiveness of the Pierre Auger Observatory with dedicated neutrino telescopes
Large-scale Cosmic-ray Anisotropies with 19 yr of Data from the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textResults are presented for the measurement of large-scale anisotropies in the arrival directions of ultra–high-energy cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory during 19 yr of operation, prior to AugerPrime, the upgrade of the observatory. The 3D dipole amplitude and direction are reconstructed above 4 EeV in four energy bins. Besides the established dipolar anisotropy in R.A. above 8 EeV, the Fourier amplitude of the 8–16 EeV energy bin is now also above the 5 σ discovery level. No time variation of the dipole moment above 8 EeV is found, setting an upper limit to the rate of change of such variations of 0.3% yr ^−1 at the 95% confidence level. Additionally, the results for the angular power spectrum are shown, demonstrating no other statistically significant multipoles. The results for the equatorial dipole component down to 0.03 EeV are presented, using for the first time a data set obtained with a trigger that has been optimized for lower energies. Finally, model predictions are discussed and compared with observations, based on two source emission scenarios obtained in the combined fit of spectrum and composition above 0.6 EeV
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