1,721,060 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Valutazione di sistemi di copertura semplificati nella riduzione di emissioni gassose da stoccaggi
No full textEvaluation of simplified covering systems to reduce gaseous emissions from livestock manure storage
No full textAmmonia, methane, and carbon dioxide are the primary atmospheric emissions from cattle and pig farms. A significant part of these emissions is produced by the decomposition of slurry organic matter during manure storage and treatment phases. Present solutions to contain emissions from storage lagoons generally involve reducing the free surface of the slurry by covering it either with permanent fixed structures or temporary floating ones. This study investigated the effectiveness of five simple floating covers in reducing emissions from pig and cattle slurry. The coverings included vegetable oil (a mixture of rapeseed and soybean oil), expanded clay, chopped maize stalks, chopped wheat straw, and chopped wood chips. All were tested at two different thicknesses: 70 and 140 mm for solid coverings, and 3 and 9 mm for liquid. Slurry samples covered with the above-mentioned materials were placed in nine stainless steel airtight cylinders measuring 190 dm 3. Gaseous and odor concentrations in the headspace were monitored using a Bruel & Kjaer 1302 multi-gas monitor and a T07 olfactometer. The flotation aptitude of the different coverings was also tested. Results revealed substantial differences in ammonia emission reduction efficiency (1% to 100%) and odor abatement (0% to 90%), and high levels of reduction efficiency were achieved by all the tested covers at the higher thickness. However, equally valid results were not obtained for methane emissions reduction. In regard to flotation aptitude and cover deterioration on slurry, expanded clay and wood chips demonstrated long-term resistance to both deterioration and sinking
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and particulate matter emissions in two different buildings for laying hens
No full textAmmonia (NH3), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) emissions were monitored in two different buildings for laying hens in Italy, both housing approximately 60,000 hens each. The first unit had an in-house prolonged droppings storage (deep-pit), the ground floor was for manure storage and the hens were housed on the first floor. The second unit had a manure removal system for lower environmental impact, where the droppings are dried on ventilated belts. The data were collected continuously in six periods of approximately 1 week each, over one whole year, using a photoacoustic detector (Bruel&Kjaer) to measure NH3, CH4 and N2O and an on-line instrument to measure PM. The ventilation rate was also continuously recorded in order to determine emissions. NH3 emission factors were 0.163 kg yr-1 hen place-1 for the deep-pit system and 0.062 kg yr-1hen place-1 for the ventilated belt. The ventilated belt emission factor is significantly higher than that given for the corresponding technique reported in the IPPC ILF BREF (0.035 kg yr-1 hen-1 place-1), based on Dutch studies. The emission factor for the deep-pit house is fully compatible with the value assessed by Italy in the IPPC-TWG, 2002 (0.154 kg yr-1 hen-1 place-1), but much lower than the Dutch value (0.386 kg yr-1 hen-1 place-1) for the same technique. This result confirms that the technique can reduce NH3 emissions in countries with warmer climates, where higher temperatures and ventilation rates lead to faster and improved drying of the manure in the pit. The NH3 emission reduction factor for the ventilated belt technique, compared to the deep-pit technique, was 61%. The CH4 emission factors measured in our work were 0.08 kg yr-1 hen place-1 for the ventilated belt technique and 0.03 kg yr-1 hen place-1 for the deep-pit technique. No significant emissions were registered for N2O, which was consistently close to zero for both techniques. PM emissions were greater from the deep-pit system in comparison with the ventilated belt system
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