1,721,040 research outputs found
Detection of speech errors during shadowing
No full textTrained and untrained interpreting students shadowed a text containing, lexical, morphological and phonological errors. Error detection was tested following three kinds of instruction: simple, shadowing with error correction, shadowing without error correction. The groups did not differ in their ability to correct errors. The kind of instruction significantly influenced the results. The discussion focusses on top-down and bottom-up strategies in shadowing and their use as a training tool
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Semantik der Körperstrafe in der pädagogischen Fachsprache in diachronischer Perspektive
No full textDer Artikel befasst sich aus diachroner Perspektive mit Ausdrücken, die die Körperstrafe an Kindern betreffen. Nach einem kurzen Überblick über pädagogische Ansätze des 19. Und 20. Jahrhunderts beleuchtet der erste Teil juristische Aspekte der körperlichen Bestrafung von Kindern im Hinblick auf deren Strafbarkeit und die damit verbundene Terminologie in pädagogischen Fachdiskursen. Im darauf folgenden Abschnitt werden einige grundlegende Lexeme, die in der pädagogischen Literatur zur Bezeichnung der Körperstrafe
verwendet werden, in ihrer semantischen Dimension analysiert. Zielsetzung der Untersuchung ist, Bedeutungswandel und Verwendungsbedingungen dieser Ausdrücke im Laufe des 20. Jahrhunderts herauszustellen. Zu diesemZweck sind Texte aus privaten, journalistischen und wissenschaftlichen Quellen aus unterschiedlichen Zeitabschnitten ausgewählt und analysiert worden
Speech errors, Shadowing and Simultaneous Interpretation
No full textThe study focuses on the monitoring of incoming messages durimg shadowing performances. The experimental design consists in the shadowing of anomalous sentences. The aim of the study is to analyze the ability of subjects to detect and to restore errors during the shadowing task. The results show that the subjects tend to overhear phonological errors more than higher-order errors
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