764 research outputs found
Rauschiella linguatula Travassos 1924
No full textRauschiella linguatula (Rudolphi, 1819) Travassos, 1924 Hosts (prevalence; range): B. raniceps (1/79; 1) and L. chaquensis (2/143; 2–3). Site of infection: small intestine. Stage: adult. Type host and type locality: L. latrans (= L. ocellatus), Brazil. Comments: Rauschiella linguatula was described as Distoma linguatula by Rudolphi (1819). However the description was very superficial and Travassos (1924) improved details in a second description as Glypthelmins linguatula. After, Razo-Mendivil et al. (2006) integrating molecular data and scanning electron micrographs recombined some species of Glypthelmins as Rauschiella, including R. linguatula, by a set of characters such as small spines in the tegument, dextral ovary, cirrus sac with coiled seminal vesicle, Y-shaped excretory vesicle and vitelline follicles predominantly extracaecal. The small spines in tegument were not verify in our specimens because we did not undertake scanning electron micrographs; however, we observed the following features of R. linguatula: wide pharynx, small acetabulum, uterus intercaecal with one or two loops on the caeca and other loops passing between testes, posterior region filled with uterine loops which reach the end of the body after the end of caeca, and a notable subterminal excretory pore with radial ornamentation (Travassos 1924). Rauschiella linguatula is widely distributed in anurans from South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Uruguay, and Venezuela) (see Kohn & Fernandes 2014), however, this is the first report in B. raniceps.Published as part of Aguiar, Aline, Morais, Drausio Honorio, Firmino Silva, Lidiane A., Anjos, Luciano Alves Dos, Foster, Ottilie Carolina & Silva, Reinaldo José Da, 2021, Biodiversity of anuran endoparasites from a transitional area between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes in Brazil: new records and remarks, pp. 1-41 in Zootaxa 4948 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4948.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/461606
Antibodies as Crypts of Antiinfective and Antitumor Peptides
No full textAntibodies (Abs), often associated with antimicrobial and antitumor agents, have emerged as an important class
of novel drugs for antigen-driven therapeutic purposes in diverse clinical settings, including oncology and infectious diseases.
Abs commonly give rise in the treated host to anti-Ab responses, which may induce adverse reactions and limit their therapeutic efficacy. Their modular domain architecture has been exploited to generate alternative reduced formats (Fabs, scFvs, dAbs, minibodies, multibodies), essentially devoid of the Fc region. The presence of complementarity determining regions (CDRs) ensures the maintenance of selective binding to antigens and supports their use for biotechnological and therapeutic applications. Paradigmatic Abs mimicking the wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity of a yeast killer toxin (killer Abs) have revealed the existence of a family of Abs exerting a direct in vitro and/or in vivo microbicidal activity. Based on the variable sequence of an antiidiotypic recombinant killer Ab, CDR-related peptides have been synthesized, engineered by alanine-scanning and selected according to antimicrobial, antiviral and immunomodulatory properties.
Irrespective of the native Ab specificity, synthetic CDRs from unrelated murine and human monoclonal Abs, have shown to display differential in vitro, in vivo and/or ex vivo antifungal (Candida albicans), antiviral (HIV-1) and antitumor (melanoma cells) activities. Alanine substitution of single residues of synthetic CDR peptides resulted in further differential increased/unaltered/decreased biological activity. The intriguing potential of Abs as source of antiinfective and antitumor therapeutics will be discussed, in light of recent advances in peptide design, stability and delivery
Rhadinorhynchidae Travassos 1923
No full textFamily Rhadinorhynchidae Travassos, 1923 Gorgorhynchus trachinotus Noronha, Vicente, Pinto & Fábio, 1986 —adult Host and habitat: Trachinotus goodei (MAR) Locality: Off Rio de Janeiro Reference: Noronha et al. (1986) Gorgorhynchus sp.—adult and larva Hosts and habitat: Dactylopterus volitans (MAR—adult), Dipturus trachyderma (MAR—larva), Pinguipes brasilianus (MAR—adult) new record, Pseudopercis numida (MAR—adult), Sphyrna zygaena (MAR—larva), Squatina sp. (MAR—larva) Localities: Off Rio de Janeiro, off Rio Grande do Sul, off Paraná, off Santa Catarina References: Knoff et al. (2001), Cordeiro and Luque (2005), Luque et al. (2008) Rhadinorhynchus plagioscionis Thatcher, 1980 —adult Host and habitat: Plagioscion squamosissimus (FW) Locality: Amazon River basin Reference: Thatcher (1980, 1991) Rhadinorhynchus pristis (Rudolphi, 1802) —adult Hosts and habitat: Coryphaena hippurus (MAR), Balistes vetula (MAR), Euthynnus alletteratus (MAR), Katsuwonus pelamis (MAR), Auxis thazard (MAR), Scomber japonicus (MAR) Locality: Off Rio de Janeiro References: Rudolphi (1819), Abdallah et al. (2002), Mogrovejo and Santos (2002), Alves et al. (2003, 2005), Alves and Luque (2006), Oliva et al. (2008) Rhadinorhynchus sp.—adult Hosts and habitat: Dactylopterus volitans (MAR), Merluccius hubbsi (MAR) (new record), Paralonchurus brasiliensis (MAR) Locality: Off Rio de Janeiro References: Ribeiro et al. (2002), Luque et al. (2003), Cordeiro and Luque (2005) Serrasentis sp.—larva Hosts and habitat: Balistes capriscus (MAR), Haemulon steindachneri (MAR), Oligoplites palometa (MAR), Orthopristis ruber (MAR), Paralonchurus brasiliensis (MAR), Parona signata (new record) (MAR) Locality: Off Rio de Janeiro References: Luque et al. (1995, 1996a, b, 2003), Takemoto et al. (1996), Luque and Poulin (2004), Alves et al. (2005)Published as part of Santos, Cláudia P., Gibson, David I., Tavares, Luiz E. R. & Luque, José L., 2008, Checklist of Acanthocephala associated with the fishes of Brazil, pp. 1-22 in Zootaxa 1938 on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18499
Antibodies are cryptic reservoirs of antiinfective, antitumor and immunomodylatory peptides
No full textAnti-tumor activities of peptides corresponding to conserved complementary determining regions from different immunoglobulins
No full textShort synthetic peptides corresponding to sequences of complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) from different immunoglobulin families have been shown to induce antimicrobial, antiviral and antitumor activities regardless of the specificity of the original monoclonal antibody (mAb). Presently, we studied the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of synthetic peptides derived from conserved CDR sequences of different immunoglobulins against human tumor cell lines and murine B16F10-Nex2 melanoma aiming at the discovery of candidate molecules for cancer therapy. Four light-and heavy-chain CDR peptide sequences from different antibodies (C36-L1, HA9-H2, 1-H2 and Mg16-H2) showed cytotoxic activity against murine melanoma and a panel of human tumor cell lineages in vitro. Importantly, theyalso exerted anti-metastatic activity using a syngeneic melanoma model in mice. Other peptides (D07-H3, MN20v1, MS2-H3) were also protective against metastatic melanoma, without showing significant cytotoxicity against tumor cells in vitro. in this case, we suggest that these peptides may act as immune adjuvants in vivo. As observed, peptides induced nitric oxide production in bone-marrow macrophages showing that innate immune cells can also be modulated by these CDR peptides. the present screening supports the search in immunoglobulins of rather frequent CDR sequences that are endowed with specific antitumor properties and may be candidates to be developed as anti-cancer drugs. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Expt Oncol Unit UNONEX, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Parma, Dept Biomed Biotechnol & Translat Sci, Microbiol & Virol Unit, I-43121 Parma, ItalyRecepta Biopharma, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Expt Oncol Unit UNONEX, São Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of ScienceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAPESP: 2010/51423-
Therapeutic activity of a killer peptide against experimental paracoccidioidomycosis
No full textObjectives: To evaluate whether an engineered synthetic decapeptide (KP) derived from the sequence of a recombinant anti-idiotypic antibody, that represents the internal image of a Pichia anomala killer toxin, could be fungicidal in vitro and therapeutic in vivo against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM).
Methods: Fungicidal activity of KP was assessed in vitro and in vivo by inhibition of colony forming units and by histological examination, 8 days after infection, of organs from mice intravenously injected with a virulent strain of P. brasiliensis (3 x 106 yeast cells) and intraperitoneally treated with KP (3.3 micrograms/g body weight, three doses), in comparison with control animals equally administered with a scrambled decapeptide (SP).
Results: KP but not SP was fungicidal in vitro at 39 ng/multiply-budding yeast cell and less efficiently in its D-isomeric form (0.31micrograms/multiply-budding yeast cell). It was also able to markedly reduce the fungal load in organs (liver, lung, spleen) of infected animals.
Conclusions: The therapeutic effect observed opens the way for using the antifungal peptide as an alternative control of PCM in association with conventional antifungal drugs
A novel microtubule de-stabilizing complementarity-determining region C36L1 peptide displays antitumor activity against melanoma in vitro and in vivo
No full textMicrophallidae (Ward, 1901) Travassos 1920
No full textFamily Microphallidae (Ward, 1901) Travassos, 1920 <p> <i>Levinseniella</i> Stiles & Hassall, 1901</p> <p> <i>Levinseniella cruzi</i> Travassos, 1920</p> <p> Hosts: <i>Rollandia rolland chilensis</i> (Lesson), <i>Himantopus melanurus</i> Vieillot, <i>Vanellus chilensis lam­</i></p> <p> <i>pronotus</i> (Wagler).</p> <p>Site of infection: ceca.</p> <p> Localities: Los Talas; Chascomús lagoon and Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon, Buenos Aires Province. Life history: Hi1: <i>Heleobia conexa</i> (Gaillard), <i>H</i>. <i>parchappei</i> (d’Orbigny) (natural hosts). Hi2: <i>Palaemonetes argentinus</i> Nobili (experimental and natural host); metacercariae in muscles, gonads, connective tissue.</p> <p>Material deposited: MLP, 3303C–3306C, USNPC 84905–84908. References: Martorelli (1988), Martorelli & Schuldt (1990), Martorelli & Ivanov (1996).</p> <p> <i>Levinseniella</i> (<i>Monarrhenos</i>) <i>anenteron</i> (Szidat, 1964) Deblock, 1978 Syn.: <i>Austromicrophallus anenteron</i> Szidat, 1964.</p> <p> Hosts: <i>Larus dominicanus</i> Lichtenstein, <i>L. maculipennis</i> Lichtenstein. Site of infection: intestine.</p> <p>Localities: San Carlos de Bariloche and Nahuel Huapí Lake, Río Negro Province; Huechulaufquen Lake,</p> <p>Lanín National Park, Neuquén Province.</p> <p>Reference: Szidat (1964).</p> <p> <i>Maritrema</i> Nicoll, 1907</p> <p> <i>Maritrema bonaerensis</i> Etchegoin & Martorelli, 1997 Hosts: <i>Larus maculipennis</i> Lichtenstein, <i>L. dominicanus</i> Lichtenstein, <i>L. atlanticus</i> Olrog. Site of infection: intestine.</p> <p>Localities: Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon and Orense beach, Buenos Aires Province.</p> <p> Life history: Hi1: <i>Heleobia australis australis</i> (d'Orbigny) (natural host). Hi2: <i>Cyrtograpsus angulatus</i> Dana (natural and experimental host), <i>Chasmagnathus granulata</i> Dana. (natural host); metacercariae in hepatopancreas.</p> <p>Material deposited: MLP, 3661a–b, 4583; USNPC, 87019, 87020.</p> <p> References: Etchegoin & Martorelli (1997a), Cremonte <i>et al.</i> (1999).</p> <p> <i>Maritrema orensensis</i> Cremonte & Martorelli, 1998</p> <p> Host: <i>Larus dominicanus</i> Lichtenstein.</p> <p>Site of infection: intestine.</p> <p>Locality: Orense beach, Buenos Aires Province.</p> <p>Material deposited: MLP, 3955–3956; IPCAS, D­405.</p> <p>Reference: Cremonte & Martorelli (1998).</p> <p> <i>Microphallus</i> Ward, 1901</p> <p> <i>Microphallus simillimus</i> (Travassos, 1920) Martorelli, 1991</p> <p> Host: <i>Himantopus melanurus</i> Vieillot.</p> <p>Site of infection: intestine.</p> <p> Locality: Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon, Buenos Aires Province. Life history: Hi1: <i>Heleobia conexa</i> (Gaillard) (natural host); metacercariae in hepatopancreas and gonads. Material deposited: MLP, 3100 D­3102 D</p> <p>Reference: Martorelli (1991).</p> <p> <i>Microphallus szidati</i> Martorelli, 1986</p> <p> Natural hosts: <i>Himantopus melanurus</i> Vieillot, <i>Pardirallus sanguinolentus sanguinolentus</i> (Swainson),</p> <p> <i>Larus atlanticus</i> Olrog.</p> <p> Experimental host: <i>Mus musculus</i> L.</p> <p>Site of infection: intestine, ceca.</p> <p> Localities: Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon and Los Talas, Buenos Aires Province. Life history: Hi1: <i>Heleobia conexa</i> (Gaillard), <i>H</i>. <i>parchappei</i> (d’Orbigny) (natural hosts). Hi2: <i>Cyrtograpsus angulatus</i> Dana, <i>Chasmagnathus granulata</i> Dana (natural hosts); metacercariae in hepatopancreas; <i>Palaeomonetes argentinus</i> Nobili (natural and experimental host); metacercariae in muscles, gonads and connective tissue.</p> <p> Material deposited: MLP, adult: 1319 C, metacercariae: 1319 D. References: Martorelli (1986a, 1986b, 1989a), Martorelli & Schuldt (1990), Etchegoin <i>et al.</i> (1996).</p> <p> <i>Odhneria</i> Travassos, 1921</p> <p> <i>Odhneria odhneri</i> Travassos, 1921</p> <p> Hosts: <i>Phalacrocorax brasilianus</i> (Gmelin), <i>Larus dominicanus</i> Lichtenstein. Locality: Fracasso beach, San José Gulf, Chubut Province. Site of infection: intestine.</p> <p>Material deposited: MLP, 4868.</p> <p>Reference: Cremonte & Etchegoin (2002).</p>Published as part of <i>Cremonte, Florencia & Drago, Fabiana B., 2007, Checklist of digenean parasites of birds from Argentina, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 1403</i> on pages 13-14, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/273687">10.5281/zenodo.273687</a>
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