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Development of Compatibilized Polyamide 1010/Coconut Fibers Composites by Reactive Extrusion with Modified Linseed Oil and Multi-functional Petroleum Derived Compatibilizers
Get PDF[EN] This work reports the preparation and characterization of fully bio-based polymer composites with coconut fibers (CFs) as an alternative to wood-plastic composites (WPCs), typically based on petroleum derived materials. Polyamide 1010 (PA1010) was melt-extruded with 20 wt% of CFs and, after that, shaped into pieces by injection molding. Four different multi-functionalized compatibilizers were tested to increase the polymer-fiber interactions with the subsequent improvement on toughness. These consisted of two chemically modified vegetable oils, namely maleinized and epoxidized linseed oil (MLO and ELO) respectively, and two commercial additives derived from petroleum and based on glycidyl functionality, that is, low-functionality epoxy-based styrene-acrylic oligomer (ESAO) and polystyrene-glycidyl methacrylate random copolymer (PS-GMA). The addition of all four compatibilizers improved both the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the composites, thus resulting in high-performance composite materials with relatively low water uptake. Furthermore, the morphology of the obtained composites revealed an extraordinary embedment of the fibers into the biopolymer matrix, which plays a crucial role in improving toughness. Among all the tested compatibilizers, those derived from vegetable oils can be considered the most interesting ones due to they offer a more sustainable solution.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (MICIU) project numbers MAT2017-84909-C2-2-R and AGL2015-63855-C2-1-R. Quiles-Carrillo and Torres-Giner are recipients of a FPU grant (FPU15/03812) from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports (MECD) and a Juan de la Cierva contract (IJCI-2016-29675) from MICIU, respectively. The microscopy services at UPV are acknowledged for their help in collecting and analyzing FESEM images. The authors thank Polyscope for kindly supplying Xibond (TM) 920 for this study.Quiles-Carrillo, L.; Balart, R.; Boronat, T.; Torres-Giner, S.; Puglia, D.; Dominici, F.; Torre, L. (2021). Development of Compatibilized Polyamide 1010/Coconut Fibers Composites by Reactive Extrusion with Modified Linseed Oil and Multi-functional Petroleum Derived Compatibilizers. Fibers and Polymers. 22(3):728-744. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-0024-zS728744223A. Shahzad, J. Compos. Mater., 46, 973 (2012).A. Ashori, Bioresource. Technol., 99, 4661 (2008).A. Herrmann, J. Nickel, and U. Riedel, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 59, 251 (1998).J. Holbery and D. Houston, Jom, 58, 80 (2006).C. Alves, A. Silva, L. Reis, M. Freitas, L. Rodrigues, and D. Alves, J. Clean. Prod., 18, 313 (2010).M. T. Zafar, S. N. Maiti, and A. K. Ghosh, Fiber. Polym., 17, 266 (2016).K. Jayaraman, Compos. Sci. 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Enhancement of the mechanical and thermal properties of injection-molded polylactide parts by the addition of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil
Get PDF[EN] Thiswork reports the effect of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) addition on the mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical properties of polylactide (PLA) parts obtained by injection molding. To this end, AESO, a chemically multi-functionalized vegetable oil, was incorporated into PLA during melt processing. The PLA parts with AESO contents in the 2.5¿7.5 wt% range showed a remarkable enhancement in both elongation at break and impact-absorbed energy while their tensile and flexural strength as well as thermomechanical properties were maintained or slightly improved. Additionally, the AESO-containing PLA parts presented higher thermal stability and lower crystallinity. The improvement achievedwas ascribed to a dual effect of plasticization in combination with a chain-extension and/or cross-linking process of the PLA chains by the highly reactive acrylate and epoxy groups present in AESO. The use of AESO thus represents an environmentally friendly solution to obtain toughened PLA materials of high interest in, for instance, rigid packaging, automotive or building and construction applications.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) [grant numbers MAT2014-59242-C2-1-R & AGL2015-63855-C2-1-R]. L. Quiles-Carrillo thanks the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports (MECD) for financial support through the FPU program [grant number FPU15/03812].Quiles-Carrillo, L.; Duart, S.; Montanes, N.; Torres-Giner, S.; Balart, R. (2018). Enhancement of the mechanical and thermal properties of injection-molded polylactide parts by the addition of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil. Materials & Design. 140:54-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.11.031S546314
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Development and characterization of environmentally friendly composites from poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and almond shell flour with different compatibilizers
Get PDF[EN] This work reports the enhancement of the properties of poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) composites containing 30 wt% almond shell flour (ASF) by using different compatibilizer families: epoxy, maleic anhydride and acrylic. With regard to the epoxy compatibilizers, epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) were used. Two maleic anhydride-derived compatibilizers, namely, maleinized linseed oil (MLO) and dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA) were used. Finally, two acrylic monomers, namely methyl methacrylate (MMA) and acrylic acid (AA) were employed. Uncompatibilized and compatibilized PBS/ASF composites were characterized in terms of their mechanical properties, morphology, thermal behaviour and thermomechanical performance. The obtained results suggest that all three vegetable oil-derived compatibilizers (ELO, ESBO and MLO) give a remarkable increase in ductile properties while poor compatibilization is obtained with the acrylic monomers. These vegetable-oil derived compatibilizers could represents an interesting environmentally friendly solution to compatibilizing polyester-type polymers and their composites with lignocellulosic materials.This work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) grant numbers MAT2014-59242-C2-1-R and MAT2017-84909-C2-2-R. L. Quiles-Carrillo acknowledges Generalitat Valenciana (GV) for financial support through a FPI grant (ACIF/2016/182) and the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports (MECD) for his FPU grant (FPU15/03812).Liminana, P.; Garcia-Sanoguera, D.; Quiles-Carrillo, L.; Balart, R.; Montanes, N. (2018). Development and characterization of environmentally friendly composites from poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and almond shell flour with different compatibilizers. Composites Part B Engineering. 144:153-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.02.031S15316214
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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