1,721,047 research outputs found
Patologie delle ghiandole salivari e presbifagia
No full textLe ghiandole salivari presentano una funzione non secondaria nel processo
deglutitorio, permettendo di costituire un bolo alimentare con specifiche
caratteristiche reologiche che ne consentono il trasporto sino allo
stomaco. La saliva, miscelandosi agli alimenti durante la masticazione ed
i tempi successivi della fase orale della deglutizione, esprime un’azione di
umidificazione, di legante e, mediante gli enzimi in essa contenuti, anche
digestiva, che portano alla formazione del bolo alimentare. Le caratteristiche
reologiche del bolo dipendono dalla consistenza dell’alimento introdotto,
ma sono in gran parte anche dipendenti dalla qualità e quantità della
saliva prodotta, che modificano le caratteristiche di viscosità e coesione
in particolare per gli alimenti di consistenza solida e semisolida. I meccanocettori,
chemocettori e termocettori presenti a livello del cavo orale
sono in grado di trasmettere informazioni riguardanti la viscosità, volume,
densità, forma, pH e temperatura del bolo, le quali, una volta integrate a
livello del sistema nervoso centrale, permettono di formulare un output
deglutitorio adeguato al trasporto del bolo verso l’esofago. La saliva ha un
ruolo estremamente importante nel modificare molte di queste caratteristiche
fisico-chimiche dell’alimento, preparando un bolo che possa essere
deglutito in sicurezza. Appare evidente, quindi, come patologie delle ghiandole
salivari possano interferire negativamente sul processo deglutitorio e
relazionarsi con la presbifagia. L’invecchiamento delle ghiandole salivari,
inoltre, comporta alterazioni quantitative e qualitative della saliva prodotta,
che impattano sulla deglutizione, ed in ultima analisi hanno un ruolo nella presbifagia
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Endoscopic evaluation of middle ear ventilation routes blockage.
No full textObjectives: To describe middle ear ventilation route blockage, relieved during middle ear endoscopic surgery, and to analyze its association with mastoid hypopneumatization/sclerotization.
Study design: Prospective case series with intraoperative analyses, and with a case-control computed tomographic scan comparison.
Methods: Intraoperative findings during endoscopic middle ear surgery are described. Patients with middle ear ventilation route blockage were included in the study group (22 patients), while patients without middle ear ventilation route blockage were included in the control group (16 patients). An intra-patient and inter-group comparison of evaluated mastoid pneumatization was performed from the preoperative computed tomographic scans.
Results: Middle ear ventilation route blockage was classified into three types (A, B, C) according to intraoperative findings. lntrapatient and intergroup comparisons showed that the presence of blockages of middle ear ventilation trajectories is associated with a statistically significantly higher prevalence of hypopneumatization/sclerotization of the mastoid in the study group, a typical sign of middle ear dysventilation pathologies.
Conclusions: Intraoperative evaluation of the middle ear anatomy during endoscopic surgery for inflammatory pathology allows us to clearly visualize the presence of anatomic blockages of the middle ear ventilation trajectories. These blockages might provoke a sectorial dysventilation of the middle ear, with consequent reduction of pneumatization of the mastoid. Further studies will be able to clarify to what extent selective dysventilation phenomena could be a principal factor in influencing middle ear pressure homeostasis
La chirurgia endoscopica delle vie lacrimali (dacriocistorinostomia per via endonasale)
No full text.
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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