1,720,966 research outputs found

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

    Full text link
    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    A Mathematical Explicit Expression for the Design of Nitrogen Removal in SBRs Treating Domestic Wastewater

    No full text
    A modified version of the IWA task group Activated Sludge Model n°1 has been applied to predict the performances of a SBR operated in the pre-denitrification mode to remove organic carbon and nitrogen from a municipal wastewater. Several mathematical simulations have been carried out in order to investigate the effect of different influent characteristics (in terms of COD to NH4-N ratio) and operational conditions (in terms of number of cycles per day and ratio between the mixed react anoxic period and the total effective react period) on the reactor volume required to achieve the desired nitrogen removal efficiency. The data collected from these simulations have been elaborated to obtain a mathematical explicit expression, which can be used for the design of SBRs treating municipal wastewaters. The proposed logarithmic expression gives the appropriate reactor size as an explicit function of the COD to NH4-N ratio and the number of cycles per day. This mathematical expression also includes 4 coefficients, which depend on the kinetic parameters of the biological system and, slightly, on the ratio between the mixed react anoxic period and the total effective react period

    Variations on the Author

    Full text link
    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
    corecore