1,721,124 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Results of a retrospective database analysis of adherence to statin therapy and risk of nonfatal ischemic heart disease in daily clinical practice in Italy
No full textBACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported that statin use was associated with reductions in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among patients with dyslipidemia, even without established cardiovascular disease. However, inadequate adherence may reduce statins' protective effects. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to investigate whether an association exists between statin adherence when used as primary prevention and risk of subsequent ischemic heart disease (IHD). METHODS: People aged >or=18 years who were residents of Italy's Lombardy region and were newly treated with statins in 2002 to 2003 were assessed as part of a retrospective analysis of data from a health services database. Patients who were hospitalized for IHD during this period were identified with hospital discharge information from a health-services database; IHD-related hospitalizations were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes for acute myocardial infarction (410), acute and subacute forms of IHD (411), and/or codes concerning coronary revascularization (36.0-36.9). Four groups of patients were excluded: those with >or=1 lipid-lowering drug within 2 years before the index prescription (to limit the sample to treatment initiators); those who had been hospitalized for cardiovascular disease or had used medications for IHD or heart failure within 2 years before the index date (to limit the study to primary prevention); those who did not have >or=1 year of follow-up; and those who received only 1 dispensation of a statin during the first year after the index prescription. Follow-up continued until hospitalization for IHD or any other cardiovascular cause, death from any cause, emigration, or the end of the study period (June 30, 2007). The proportion of days covered (PDC) by therapy with statins was the exposure variable; it served as a proxy for adherence. PDC (and therefore adherence) was categorized as very low (or=75%) coverage. A proportional hazards model was fitted to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CIs for the association between time-dependent categories of PDC and time of IHD hospitalization, after correcting for covariates. RESULTS: A group of 90,832 patients was included; during follow-up, 1480 patients experienced a hospitalization for IHD. After the Cox proportional hazards model was adjusted for age, sex, type of statin dispensed at index prescription, current use of other selected drugs (ie, antidiabetics, antihypertensives, digitalis or organic nitrates, or other cardiac medications), Charlson comorbidity index, and whether or not a given patient switched statins, those with low, intermediate, or high statin coverage had HR (95% CI) values of 0.85 (0.72-0.98), 0.82 (0.71-0.95), and 0.81 (0.71-0.94), respectively, compared with patients with very low coverage. CONCLUSIONS: In these Italian subjects without a history of cardiovascular disease, low, intermediate, and high levels of adherence to statin pharmaco-therapy were associated with lower risk of nonfatal IHD compared with those who had very low (<or=25%) adherence. However, these findings have several limitations, such as the use of database information (rather than medical records), the assumption that PDC accurately represented actual adherence, and confounding (ie, unmeasured factors related to PDC or to adherence may have influenced clinical outcomes)
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Prescription data related to the use of calcium channel blockers, ace inhibitors and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (angiotensin receptor blockers) in combination identify saving opportunities
No full textBackground: It is now recognized that treating hypertension with combination therapy is required to achieve target blood pressure in the majority of patients. Objective: To investigate the use of ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs]) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) within the Lombardia Region of Italy and to evaluate associated financial implications of the use of these drugs in free combinations. Methods: Prescription data in the Administrative National Health Service (NHS) Reimbursement Database of the Lombardia Region (2004-6) were analysed for ACE inhibitor, ARB and CCB use. Data included patient code, prescription date, drug class, product license number, number of packs dispensed and actual expenditure reimbursed by the NHS, and were used to calculate the mean daily cost of free combination antihypertensive treatments. Results: ACE inhibitors, ARBs or CCBs were prescribed at least once to 1.6 million patients (17% of Lombardia population) either as single therapy (51.5% of patients receiving these drugs) or in combination therapy (48.5%). mong patients who received these drugs, 22.5% received free combination therapy (primarily ACE inhibitor plus CCB or ARB plus CCB). The mean annual cost for these drugs was h342 million, representing 18% of the total annual pharmaceutical expenditure for the region. Free combinations accounted for 14.3% of treatment days, but 28.3% of annual expenditure for these drugs. Further analysis revealed that the mean expenditure for free combinations was 2.6-31.9% higher than the sum of their individual component costs (mean increase of 5.9% for the most commonly prescribed free combinations). Conclusions: Prescription of free combination of antihypertensive drugs is associated with additional financial burden to the NHS, which may be avoided by prescribing fixed combination therapy
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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