1,721,011 research outputs found
Elementi per una genetica forense
No full textLo strumento scientifico ha avuto uno sviluppo vertiginoso nel campo delle professioni legali, divenendo fattore sempre più determinante nell'ambito giudiziario, soprattutto in quello penale. È, infatti, ormai impossibile pensare a un processo che non contenga elementi d'indagine caratterizzati in modo scientifico - quali, ad esempio, le impronte digitali, le analisi balistiche, le analisi tossico-chimiche, le analisi relative a tracce o frammenti di sangue, le analisi genetiche -, o che prescinda dalla testimonianza di un esperto in un certo ambito scientifico. Questo volume si propone di introdurre alcuni concetti di genetica e di statistica, ma anche di filosofia della scienza, di cui dovrebbero essere a conoscenza tutte le parti impegnate in un processo, per affrontare il proprio lavoro con maggiore serenità, consapevolezza ed efficacia. Presentazione di Salvatore Scuto e Giovanni Canzio
REPROGRAMMING PLATFORMS. THE CO-PRODUCTION OF SCIENTIFIC AND GOVERNANCE INNOVATION IN TRANSLATIONAL INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL RESEARCH
Get PDFThis dissertation charts the rise and articulation of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) as a prominent translational technology, invested with high expectations to finally deliver the as yet mostly unfulfilled promise of stem cell research. In a field catalyzed by the therapeutic promise, iPSCs have been adopted for widespread translational efforts, in the areas of disease modeling, drug discovery and regenerative medicine, and have progressively positioned themselves, through the mobilization of several biomedical platforms, as a key resource of stem cell-based bioeconomies. Specifically, drawing from extensive ethnographic fieldwork, this work targets distinct iPSC innovation pathways across the United States and the European Union, and conducts the analysis of distinct models of iPSC–based innovation implemented by three leading iPSC research organizations that have been spearheading translational iPSC research: the New York Stem Cell Foundation, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and the European Bank for induced Pluripotent Stem Cells – respectively, the largest stem cell research organization in the world; the largest private translational stem cell research institution in the United States; and one of the two flagship stem cell consortia launched in recent years at EU level. Through a comparative approach, this dissertation explores the co-productive relationship between scientific and governance innovation, and probes the distinct ways in which some of the leading research institutions in the field design and implement governance arrangements and practices of standardization in order to harness the innovation potential of iPSC-based technologies. Furthermore, it accounts for the socio-political salience of these emerging institutional configurations, and traces the assembly of distinct constituencies claiming jurisdiction in this domain of biomedicine
Accertamenti genetico-forensi : raccolta dei campioni, analisi di laboratorio, interpretazione dei risultati
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Note di filosofia della scienza ad uso di genetisti
No full textLo strumento scientifico ha avuto uno sviluppo vertiginoso nel campo delle professioni legali, divenendo fattore sempre più determinante nell'ambito giudiziario, soprattutto in quello penale. È, infatti, ormai impossibile pensare a un processo che non contenga elementi d'indagine caratterizzati in modo scientifico - quali, ad esempio, le impronte digitali, le analisi balistiche, le analisi tossico-chimiche, le analisi relative a tracce o frammenti di sangue, le analisi genetiche -, o che prescinda dalla testimonianza di un esperto in un certo ambito scientifico. Questo volume si propone di introdurre alcuni concetti di genetica e di statistica, ma anche di filosofia della scienza, di cui dovrebbero essere a conoscenza tutte le parti impegnate in un processo, per affrontare il proprio lavoro con maggiore serenità, consapevolezza ed efficacia
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Data Protection and Ethical Issues in European P5 eHealth
No full textIn spite of its promise to significantly ameliorate health and care practices, the momentous rise of eHealth technologies has been fraught with significant ethical and societal concerns. Focusing on the unfolding of eHealth within the European Union, this contribution will explore its underpinning regulatory landscape with regard to data protection, focusing on the impact of the recently enforced Regulation (EU) 2016/679, also known as the General Data Protection Regulation. In addition, this chapter will chart relevant ethical issues related to the emergence of novel eHealth technologies. Finally, the conclusion will briefly explore ethical issues and their solutions in the light of the P5 approach
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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