1,720,986 research outputs found
La diagnosi di Sclerosi Laterale Amiotrofica(SLA): 2009
No full textThe diagnosis of ALS per se may be challenging since there is no single diagnostic test for the disease with the exception, today, of finding a mutation in defined genes as SOD1, TDP-43, etc. The World Federation of Neurology (WFN) developed workable, internationally acceptable diagnostic criteria that would enhance clinical and research studies in the field of ALS. The revised El Escorial criteria edited in 2000 (Brooks et al., 2000) state that to establish the diagnosis of ALS, a combination of LMN and UMN signs with evidence of spread is required. Four cardinal regions have been defined and spread of signs from region to region is essential for the character of ALS. On clinical ground it is seldom possible to establish an early diagnosis of ALS that needs then to be supported mainly by neurophysiological testing. In clinical practice the differential diagnosis of ALS is extensive because symptoms and signs of both LMN and UMN are encountered in a large and varied group of disorders, both neurologic and systemic. Furthermore, today two areas deserve particular attention in the process of diagnosis: cognitive impairments once considered rare or uncommon occur in a large percentage of ALS patients. Careful neuropsychological testing needs indeed to be completed for possible overlapping forms with fronto-temporal dementia (FTDL). Furthermore, the most intriguing area is related to genetics. Since 1993 and the definition of SOD1 mutations in familial ALS, other genes have been discovered and the impact of genetics on ALS diagnosis is today critical. An accurate understanding of the familial contribution to ALS would have a significant impact on the diagnosis of individuals both at an early age, prior to the onset of symptoms or at the first appearance of symptoms. In practice, the diagnosis of any is made by a process of clinic logic that is defined both by the characteristics of the disease itself and by an intuitive process of decision making in which the clinician weights the clinical evidence according to an experiential model built from clinical experience gained over time. In ALS, this concept must be revisited because the recent impact of new genetic discoveries requires to the clinician a continuous update for the genotype-clinical phenotype coupling. New genetic acquisitions can unquestionably speed early diagnosis of ALS
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Oculomotor focal dystonia
No full textIn vivo imaging of the dopamine transporter, a protein on the
terminals of dopaminergic projections from the substantia nigra
to the striatum, provides an excellent marker of the dopaminergic
system in patients with parkinsonism.1–8 Previous studies
have demonstrated that SPECT and [123I] b-CIT (2bcarboxymethoxy-
3b-(4-iodophenyl)tropane), an agent which
targets the dopamine transporter, is a sensitive marker of Parkinson’s
disease diagnosis and severity.9,10 The pattern of loss
of [123I] b-CIT uptake in Parkinson’s disease has been shown
to be region-specific within the basal ganglia (putamen > caudate)
consistent with postmortem evaluation of the dopaminergic
transporter in Parkinson’s disease.10,11 Furthermore, all
Parkinson’s disease patients have demonstrated significant bilateral
loss of [123I] b-CIT uptake even in patients early in
their disease with hemi-parkinsonism symptoms.12 In this report,
we present the results of dopamine transporter imaging in
a patient with hemi-parkinsonism with a history of repeated
hemorrhages due to a midbrain arteriovenous malformation
treated with radiation
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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