130 research outputs found
Notes on fungi of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) in Sardinia (Italy). III - Ascodichaena rugosa Butin.
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Phytotoxic metabolites produced by Botryosphaeriaceae involved in grapevine trunk diseases
No full textFungi belonging to the Botryosphaeriaceae family are well known as cosmopolitan pathogens, saprophytes and endophytes and occur on a wide range of hosts including grapevine. Grapevine disease symptoms caused by members of this family include leaf spots, fruit rots, shoot dieback, bud necrosis, vascular discoloration of the wood, and perennial cankers (1). The nature and appearance of wood symptoms caused by these pathogens suggest that phytotoxic metabolites could be involved in the host–pathogen interaction. For example phytotoxins such as (3R,4R)-(-) and (3R,4S)-(-)-4-hydroxymelleins, isosclerone and tyrosol has been isolated and identified from a strain of Neofusicoccum parvum isolated from symptomatic grapevines in Catalogna (2). Another species, N. australe involved in the aetiology of grapevine cordon dieback in Italy, showed to produce in vitro structurally different secondary metabolites. The main phytotoxin, named cyclobotryoxide, was characterized as a new cyclohexenone oxide (1). It was produced together with 3-methylcatechol and tyrosol (3).In addition, the species Diplodia seriata showed to produce already known melleins as (3S,4R)-4-hydroxymellein, (3S)-7-hydroxymellein and a new one characterized as (3S,4R)-4,7-dihydroxymellein (4). More recently, a new species of Lasiodiplodia was isolated from declining grapevines in Sardinia (Italy). This still undescribed species showed to produce in liquid culture several phytotoxic secondary metabolites. In this communication the chemical and biological characterization of these bioactive secondary metabolites is discussed together with their role in the pathogenesis process.
(1) ÚRBEZ-TORRES, J.R. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 2011, 50, S5-S45.
(2) EVIDENTE, A.; PUNZO, B.; ANDOLFI, A.; CIMMINO, A.; MELCK, D.; LUQUE, J. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 2010, 49, 74-79.
(3) ANDOLFI, A.; MADDAU, L.; CIMMINO, A.; LINALDEDDU, B.T.; FRANCESCHINI, A.; SERRA, S.; BASSO, S.; MELCK, D.; EVIDENTE, A. J. Nat. Prod. 2012, 75, 1785-1791.
(4) ANDOLFI, A.; MUGNAI, L.; LUQUE, J.; SURICO, G.; CIMMINO, A.; EVIDENTE, A. Toxins 2011, 3, 1569-1605
Nuove acquisizioni su aspetti epidemiologici del patosistema Quercus suber/Botryosphaeria corticola in Sardegna
No full textFirst report of shoot blight caused by Diplodia scrobiculata on Pinus radiata trees in Italy
No full textAntagonistic interactions between fungal endophytes and pathogens involved in oak decline
No full textPresenza di endofiti fungini coinvolti nel deperimento della quercia da sughero in specie del sottobosco di una sughereta in decadenza
No full textPreliminary in vitro investigation on the interaction among endophytic fungi isolated from Quercus spp.
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Osservazioni sull’incidenza di endofiti fungini associati al deperimento di Quercus suber e Q. pubescens
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