1,720,959 research outputs found
L’analisi delle Best Practice internazionali
No full textNell'ultimo decennio tanto si è parlato di semplificazione amministrativa e diversi sono stati i tentativi di riduzione del corpus normativo, di snellimento delle procedure e di creazione di strutture dedicate alla gestione unitaria del rapporto PA - Imprese. Si tratta di interventi che hanno sicuramente agevolato le imprese. Ma quello che viene chiesto alle PA in questo momento storico, in cui la globalizzazione sta ponendo sempre più pressione sulla competitività del nostro sistema paese, è la capacità di giocare un ruolo più proattivo, individuando soluzioni di management innovative che sappiano rispondere in modo diversificato ai fabbisogni delle imprese. Questo White Paper, partendo dall'analisi dei fabbisogni espressi da un campione significativo di imprenditori, propone un percorso di public management alla semplificazione, che si basa sull'individuazione di risposte secondo un approccio collaborativo tra le PA e le Imprese: un "Patto per la Semplificazione" per migliorare la competitività e l'attrattiva dei sistemi produttivi locali
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The GHB analogue n-(4-trifluoromethyl)-4-methoxybutanamide prevents the behavioral and neurodegenerative consequences of repeated episodes of alcohol withdrawal, in rats.
No full textAbrupt cessation of chronic consumption of alcohol produces a severe withdrawal syndrome, characterized by behavioral signs (increased anxiety, tremor, hyperactivity and seizures, conspicuous memory deficits) associated with neurodegeneration, particularly in the hippocampus and in the hippocampal cholinergic fiber network. The mechanism appears to be a classical excitotoxic cascade, with overactivation of the glutamatergic/NMDA neurotransmission associated with concurrently diminished GABAergic neurotransmission.
Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) functions as a neurotransmitter in the CNS, with specific high affinity binding sites in defined brain structures, including the hippocampus, and with affinity also for GABA B receptors, alike present in the hippocampus. GHB has long been used for the treatment of alcohol dependence, where it effectively decreases ethanol craving and consumption as well as withdrawal symptoms, likely by a substitution mechanism. Moreover, it exerts a protective effect against brain damage produced by traumatic, excitotoxic or ischemic injuries.
N-(4-trifluoromethylbenzyl)-4-methoxybutanamide (GET73) is a GHB analogue with more potent and longer-lasting activity than the parent compound. Aim of the present research was to study the possible protective effect of GET73 against the consequences of repeated episodes of alcohol withdrawal in chronically alcohol-consuming rats.
METHODS and TREATMENT. After 1 week of adaptation to our housing conditions, adult male rats of a Wistar Kyoto strain had tap water substituted with an alcohol aqueous solution (6% by volume) as ad libitum
beverage. Control rats received tap water containing sucrose of same caloric content. At the end of the 3rd, 4th and 5th week, alcohol solution -and sucrose solution in controls- were withdrawn for 24 hr and replaced
with tap water. At the end of the last withdrawal period, rats were observed for gross behavior and open-field behavior. After the behavioral observation, rats were killed under ether anesthesia, and brains were
removed for histological examination. Alcohol-consuming rats were randomly assigned to i.p. treatment either with GET73 (1, 5 or 10 mgkg-1, at the beginning of each withdrawal episode, and again 12 hr later and 30 min
before behavioral testing) or with the vehicle. The research protocol had been approved by the Animal Experimentation Ethical Committee of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia.
RESULTS. At the end of the 3rd alcohol-withdrawal episode, vehicle-treated rats were excited, hyperactive, squeaking, aggressive and attemping to bite when handled; in the open-field, grooming and ambulation were
increased, compared with non-alcohol-consuming rats. GET73 produced a reduction of ambulation (inner ond outer crossing), rearing and grooming (vehicle-treated: inner cross. 14.8 +/- 6.5; outer cross. 53.0 +/- 25.7;
rearings 7.8 +/- 4.2; grooming 10.5 +/-5.2 (m +/- S.D.). GET73 10 mg/kg: inner cross. 3.6 +/- 2.3 (F = 16.77; P = 0.000); outer cross. 13.4 +/-11.0 (F = 9.26; P = 0.000); rearings 3.8 +/- 2.2 (F = 11.1; P= 0.000); grooming 0.0 (F= 16.80; P= 0.000)(ANOVA followed by S.N.K. test)). The histological picture in abstinent rats treated with the vehicle was characterized by a severe damage of the hippocampal CA1 subfield, with almost complete absence of vital neurons, demyelinization, marked reduction of the number of synapses, and astrogliosis. The treatment with GET73 produced a dose-dependent protection: with the highest dose (10
mg/kg) the number of vital neurons and synapses was minimally reduced and astrogliosis was quite limited.
CONCLUSIONS. These results show that in chronically alcohol-consuming rats, the behavioral and neurodegenerative consequences of repeated episodes of alcohol withdrawal are prevented by the GHB analogue N-(4-trifluoromethyl)-4-methoxybutanamide (GET73). The possible mechanisms may likely involve
(i) reduced release of excitatory amino acids as a consequence of the activation of both GHB and GABAB receptors, (ii) hyperpolarisation of hippocampal neurons by activating GABAB receptors and by increasing K+ conductance
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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