1,721,134 research outputs found
Approximate closed form analytical solution for minority carrier transport in opaque heavily doped regions under illuminated conditions
No full textBelieving is Seeing: Ocular-Sensory-Motor Embodiment of Implicit Associations
No full textIt is widely accepted that social information processing involves embodiment, i.e., that thoughts comprise mental simulations of bodily experiences and, at the same time, cognition directly affects the content of sensory-motor systems. In this work we investigate whether it is possible to observe a top-down effect of implicit association on the eye gaze behavior by means of eye-tracking methods and techniques. We assume that if attitudes, social perception, and emotion are the outcome of embodied processes, then people with different kinds of mental attributes (e.g. racial prejudices) must perform different kinds of eye gaze movements when they explore visual content of implicit association tasks. The relationship between the eye movements – recorded by the open-source ITU Gaze Tracker eye-tracking system – and implicit associations occurring during an Implicit Association Test (IAT) on hidden ethnic biases of 80 Caucasian participants was investigated in two experiments with the same experimental paradigm. Both total times of fixations and total number of fixations emerged together as significant predictors of IAT scores. The analysis carried out on number of fixations showed that subjects implicitly watch what they believe, i.e. the association according to their psychological attributes. Eye-tracking methodology seems hence to be a promising approach to obtain objective measures to investigate the unintended characteristics underlying behaviour in ecological settings and could be applicable to different research contexts such as studies on stereotypes, implicit attitudes, self-esteem, and self-concept
Looking at What One Believes: Investigation of the Relationship between Eye Movements and Implicit Associations
No full textIntroduction and Aim: The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a paradigm based on categorization tasks measuring outcomes causally produced by psychological differences in the strength of association between two concepts and a bipolar attribute. Our work aims to investigate the relationship between ocular responses and implicit associations, and in particular, whether eye behaviour can be considered predictive of implicit measures. Method: The eye movements occurring during an IAT on hidden ethnic biases of 30 Caucasian participants were recorded by the open-source ITU Gaze Tracker eye-tracking system and then compared to the IAT indices. Results: Both total times of fixations and total number of fixations emerged together as significant predictors of IAT scores (average response time for each trial = 961,8 ms; average time of fixation on each area of interest = 24,8 ms). The analysis carried out on number of fixations showed that subjects seem to implicitly search for the association according to their psychological attributes. Conclusion: Eye-tracking methodology seems to be a promising approach to analyse the implicit components involved in visual exploration and could be adaptable to different research contexts, such as the investigation of the implicit processes involved in human–technology interaction and the analysis of user experience
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Regole generali sulla competenza – Competenze particolari dei comuni (Modifica T.U. - Aggiornamento artt. 5, 6, 7)
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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