1,722,019 research outputs found
OFDM aided space-time shift keying for dispersive downlink channels
Full text linkThe performance of a Space-Time Shift Keying (STSK) scheme was shown to degrade in frequency-selective fading channels. Hence, we propose Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) combined with STSK for frequency-selective broadband channels. Furthermore, we consider both an uncoded and a near-capacity coded scenario. Our results show that a STSK system combined with OFDM is capable of overcoming the impairments of dispersive channels, hence approaching the same performance as in a flat-fading channel
Interference-Mitigating Waveform Design for Next-Generation Wireless Systems
No full textA brief historical perspective of the evolution of waveform designs employed in consecutive generations of wireless communications systems is provided, highlighting the range of often conflicting demands on the various waveform characteristics. As the culmination of recent advances in the field the underlying benefits of various Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) schemes are highlighted and exemplified. As an integral part of the appropriate waveform design, cognizance is given to the particular choice of the duplexing scheme used for supporting full-duplex communications and it is demonstrated that Time Division Duplexing (TDD) is substantially outperformed by Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD), unless the TDD scheme is combined with further sophisticated scheduling, MIMOs and/or adaptive modulation/coding. It is also argued that the specific choice of the Direct-Sequence (DS) spreading codes invoked in DS-CDMA predetermines the properties of the system. It is demonstrated that a specifically designed family of spreading codes exhibits a so-called interference-free window (IFW) and hence the resultant system is capable of outperforming its standardised counterpart employing classic Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) codes under realistic dispersive channel conditions, provided that the interfering multi-user and multipath components arrive within this IFW. This condition may be ensured with the aid of quasisynchronous adaptive timing advance control. However, a limitation of the system is that the number of spreading codes exhibiting a certain IFW is limited, although this problem may be mitigated with the aid of novel code design principles, employing a combination of several spreading sequences in the time-frequency and spatial-domain. The paper is concluded by quantifying the achievable user load of a UTRA-like TDD Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system employing Loosely Synchronized (LS) spreading codes exhibiting an IFW in comparison to that of its counterpart using OVSF codes. Both system's performance is enhanced using beamforming MIMOs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Design criteria and genetic algorithm aided optimization of three-stage-concatenated space-time shift keying systems
No full textThe Space-Time Shift Keying (STSK) framework subsumes diverse Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) schemes, offering a near-capacity performance at a reduced complexity. The STSK system’s performance crucially depends on the dispersion matrix (DM) set used for encoding the transmitted symbols. We introduce a novel criterion, based on EXtrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) chart analysis, for selecting capacity-approaching sets from candidate DMs, and a novel Genetic Algorithm (GA) for efficiently exploring the search space formed by the candidate DM sets. Our proposed GA allows obtaining DM sets that enhance the system’s performance compared to a random selection, while simultaneously reducing the search algorithm’s complexity.<br/
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Bandwidth-Efficient Wireless Multimedia Communications
Full text linkCommencing with the brief history of mobile communications and the portrayal of the basic concept of wireless multimedia communications, the implications of Shannon’s theorems regarding joint source and channel coding for wireless communications are addressed. Following a brief introduction to speech, video, and graphical source coding as well as the cellular concept, a rudimentary overview of flexible, reconfigurable, mobile radio schemes is provided. We then summarize the fundamental concepts of modulation, introduce an adaptive modem scheme, and argue that third-generation transceivers might become adaptively reconfigurable under network control in order to meet backward compatibility requirements with existing systems and to achieve best compromise among a range of conflicting system requirements in terms of communications quality, bandwidth requirements, complexity and power consumption, robustness against channel errors, etc. Keywords— Cellular communications, channel coding, graphical source coding, modern transceiver, modulation, multimedia system schematic, multimode speech system, speech source coding, video-phone systems, video source coding, wireless channels, wireless communications, wireless multimedia communicator
TTCM-OFDM over Dispersive Fading Channels
No full textIn this contribution Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is proposed as a convenient digital modulation scheme to transmit data encoded by means of Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation (TTCM). The resulting transmission system is described and the advantages of using OFDM to transmit TTCM encoded data are highlighted. The system is investigated by means of simulation in order to assess its performance over dispersive deterministic channels and over dispersive Rayleigh fading channels. As a benchmarker, a system having a similar computational complexity, but employing classical Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM) to encode the data is also investigated
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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