1,573 research outputs found
Inclusion of theory-relevant moderators yield the same conclusions as Sedikides, Gaertner, and Vevea (2005): A meta-analytical reply to Heine, Kitayama, and Hamamura (2007)
No full textHeine, Kitayama and Hamamura (2007) attributed the Sedikides, Gaertner and Vevea (2005) findings to the exclusion of six papers. We report a meta-analysis that includes those six papers. The Heine et al. conclusions are faulty, because of a misspecified meta-analysis that failed to consider two moderators central to the theory. First, some of their effect sizes originated from studies that did not empirically validate comparison dimensions. Inclusion of this moderator evidences pancultural self-enhancement: Westerners enhance more strongly on individualistic dimensions, Easterners on collectivistic dimensions. Second, some of their effect sizes were irrelevant to whether enhancement is correlated with dimension importance. Inclusion of this moderator evidences pancultural self-enhancement: Both Westerners and Easterners enhance on personally important dimensions. The Sedikides et al. conclusions are valid: Tactical self-enhancement is pancultural
Pancultural self-enhancement reloaded: a meta-analytic reply to Heine (2005)
No full textC. Sedikides, L. Gaertner, and Y. Toguchi (2003; see record 2002-08440-007) reported findings favoring the universality of self-enhancement. S. J. Heine (2005; see record 2005-13803-005) challenged the authors' research on evidential and logical grounds. In response, the authors carried out 2 meta-analytic investigations. The results backed the C. Sedikides et al. (2003) theory and findings. Both Westerners and Easterners self-enhanced tactically. Westerners self-enhanced on attributes relevant to the cultural ideal of individualism, whereas Easterners self-enhanced on attributes relevant to the cultural ideal of collectivism (in both cases, because of the personal importance of the ideal). Self-enhancement motivation is universal, although its manifestations are strategically sensitive to cultural context. The authors respond to other aspects of Heine's critique by discussing why researchers should empirically validate the comparison dimension (individualistic vs. collectivistic) and defending why the better-than-average effect is a valid measure of self-enhancement
Evaluating the evidence for pancultural self-enhancement
No full textWe do not regard the better-than-average effect as 'the only acceptable measure of self-enhancement' (Heine, Kitayama, & Hamamura, 2007b). Rather, we object to meta-analytical inclusion of effects that are incapable of testing the tactical self-enhancement hypothesis. In Investigation 1 of Sedikides, Gaertner, and Vevea (2007a), 12 of the 24 effects involved attributes that were unvalidated for domain (collectivistic vs individualistic): these effects are uninformative. The 12 domain-validated effects supported the hypothesis. In Investigation 2 of Sedikides et al. (2007a), 12 of the 29 effects were deemed irrelevant. None of these effects involved a correlation between: (a) a participant's rating of self and his/her rating of another person; and (b) idiographic importance rating of the comparison attributes. These effects, then, cannot test whether the self–other comparison varies with the personal importance of the comparison attributes. The 17 relevant effects supported the hypothesis. The weight of the evidence points to the panculturality of self-enhancement
Silybum marianum L. Gaertner ve fitoterapideki önemi
No full textSilybum marianum (L). Gaertner ve Fitoterapideki ÖnemiSilybum marianum L. (Meryem ana dikeni) (Compositae) dünyada geniş bir coğrafyayadağılmaktadır. Bu bitkinin iki alttürü Türkiye'de de Batı ve Güney Anadolu'da görülmektedir.Silybum marianum kimyasal olarak flavonolignan yapısındaki silibin, silikristin, silidianin veizosilibin'i taşımaktadır. Ayrıca protein, müsilaj, yağ asidi ve minerallerce de zengindir.Biyolojik etkilerden sorumlu grup flavonolignan karışımı yapısındaki silimarindirSilybum marianum karaciğer üzerine hepatoprotektif, hepatorejeneratif antikarsinojenik,antioksidan, antipsöriatik, antienflamatuar, antidot, antihemorajik, immunomodülatör,antihiperlipidemik ve hipoglisemik etkilidir. Ayrıca sindirim sisteminde motilitedüzenleyicidir, safra ve böbrek hastalıklarında da oldukça etkilidir.Abstract Importance of Silybum marianum (L). Gaertner in PhytotherapySilybum marianum L.(Milk thistle) (Compositae) are distributed to an extended geography inthe world. Two sub-species of this herb are seen in the West and South Anatolian of Turkey.Silybum marianum contains chemically silybin, silychristin, silydianin and izosilybin in thestructure of the flavonolignan. In addition, it is rich in protein, mucilage, fatty acid andminerals.Silymarin in the structure of flavonolignan, is the responsible group of the biological effects.The effects of Silybum marianum on liver are hepatoprotective, hepatoregenerativeanticarsinogenic, antioxidant, antipsoriatic, antienflamatuar, antidot, antihemorajik,immunomodulator, antihiperlipidemic and hipoglisemic. Besides, it is a motility regulator inthe digestion system, and also very effective in the gall and renal diseases.Silymarin in the structure of flavonolignan, is the responsible group of the biological effects
Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of fine needle aspiration biopsy in salivary gland tumours: A retrospective study
No full textObjective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) of salivary gland tumours performed at the Erasto Gaertner Hospital over the course of a four year period. Study design: A retrospective study was carried out between 2001-2005 to review the cases of patients with salivary gland tumours who had undergone pre-operative FNAB and had been diagnosed during post-operative histopathology examination. Results: A total of 106 cases of salivary gland tumours were considered for this study, but 27 cases (25.5%) of the samples were considered unsatisfactory for analysis. the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated considering only the 79 benign and malignant cases in which FNAB provided sufficient samples for analysis. Based on these data, the value of sensitivity was 68.2% (15/22), specificity was 87.7% (50/57), accuracy was 82.3% (65/79), positive predictive value was 68.2% (15/22) and negative predictive value was 87.7% (50/57). Conclusions: Despite the high rate of inadequate samples obtained in the FNAB in this study, the technique offers high specificity, accuracy and acceptable sensitivity.Erasto Gaertner Hosp, Dept Head & Neck Surg, BR-81520060 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilErasto Gaertner Hosp, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, BR-81520060 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilErasto Gaertner Hosp, Dept Pathol, BR-81520060 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, EPM, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
The social self: the quest for identity and the motivational primacy of the individual self
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Propriedades viscoamilográficas e higroscópicas das farinhas dos caroços de abacate (Persea Gratíssima Gaertner F.), jaca (Artocarpus Heterophyllus L.) e seriguela (Spondias Purpúrea L.).
No full textVisando sua utilização na elaboração de produtos alimentícios, foram obtidas diferentes farinhas de abacate, (Persea Gratíssima Gaertner F), jaca (Artocarpus Heterophyllus L.), e seriguela (Spondias Purpúrea L). Estas farinhas foram avaliadas quanto à distribuição granulométrica e propriedades reológicas, como viscosidade de pasta e propriedades funcionais através das análises de índice de absorção em água (IAA) e índice de olubilidade em água (ISA). Os resultados mostraram que as farinhas podem ser aplicadas como ingredientes na produção de diversos produtos alimentícios. Nesse sentido as farinhas estudadas possuem potencial de utilização como ingrediente de produtos panificáveis dentre outras alternativas. Aiming at its use in the elaboration of food products, different flours of avocado (Persea Gratíssima Gaertner F), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.), and seriguela (Spondias Purpúrea L) were obtained. These flours were evaluated in terms of granulometric distribution and rheological properties, such as paste viscosity and functional properties through analysis of water absorption index (WAI) and water solubility index (WSI). The results showed that flours can be applied as ingredients in the production of various food products. In this sense, the studied flours have the potential to be used as an ingredient in bakery products, among other alternatives.Viscoamylographic and hygroscopic properties of avocado (Persea Gratíssima Gaertner F.), jackfruit (Artocarpus Heterophyllus L.) and seriguela (Spondias Purpúrea L.)
On the motivational primacy of the individual self: “I” is stronger than “We”
No full textThe self-concept is dynamic, with momentary definition shifting from a representation of self as a unique and independent social agent to an undifferentiated and interchangeable group member. Indeed, the individual self and collective self are fundamental components of the self-concept, with each being important and meaningful to human experience. However, are those selves equally important and meaningful? We review a program of research empirically testing three competing hypotheses that suggests that the motivational core of human experience is (a) the individual self, (b) the collective self, or (c) determined by contextual factors that make a given self momentarily accessible. The research furnished unanimous and consistent evidence that the individual self is the motivationally primary form of self-definition
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