164 research outputs found
Le corpus français-italien LSSEE (Langue Spécialisée du domaine "Systèmes Éducatifs Européens")
No full textLe corpus LSSEE est un corpus bilingue (FR-IT) au format XML qui permet l'extraction de concordances bilingues au moyen du logiciel Alinea (Kraif), également livré avec le corpus.
Valentina Paterno ha collaborato alla pulizia dei bi-testi per la realizzazione del corpus bilingue LSSEE.
l DVD è il risultato di un lavoro di ricerca collettivo del laboratorio di ricerca "Linguistica dei Corpora" del Dipartimento di Linguistica, Letterature comparate e Discipline dello spettacolo (U.degli Studi di Cassino) con la collaborazione dell'Università del Sannio. La sua realizazzione è stat finanziata con i fondi del progetto PRIN 2005 (La sinonimia tra "langue" e "parole" nei codici francese e italiano, coordinato dal Prof. S. Cigada (Istituto del Sacro Cuore dell'Università Cattolica di Milano)
Figure 1 from: Schilthuizen M, Lim JP, van Peursen ADP, Alfano M, Jenging AB, Cicuzza D, Escoubas A, Escoubas P, Grafe U, Ja J, Koomen P, Krotoski A, Lavezzari D, Lim L, Maarschall R, Slik F, Steele D, Ting DTW, van Zeeland I, Njunjić I (2020) Craspedotropis gretathunbergae, a new species of Cyclophoridae (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda), discovered and described on a field course to Kuala Belalong rainforest, Brunei. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e47484. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e47484
No full textFigure 1 Craspedotropis gretathunbergae n. sp., holotype (IBER-UBD 7.00141), shell in apertural view. Photo by Pierre Escoubas
À propos de quelques constructions relationnelles abstraites de l’écrit formel
Get PDFAlcuni usi di verbi francesi frequenti nella parola formale scritta ("tenir à", "avoir à", "revenir à") si presentano come espressioni fisse anche se non tipiche della caegoria. Le teorie linguistiche riguardanti i fenomeni di cristallisazzione per la lingua francese concordano nel riconoscere l'esistenza di un doppio vincolo operativo a livello del significato e del significante e assumono inoltre che la forma fissa risultante possa collocarsi in un range che spazia dal sintagma binare alla frase. Ora, tale cornice teorica sembra esigua quando si tratta di descrivere l'uso dei verbi in esame all'interno dei testi appartenenti al registro dello scritto formale. In primo luogo definiamo la nozione di "verbo relazionale astratto" che adoperiamo nell'analisi, ossia la marginalità che caratterizza gli usi attestati dal punto di vista fraseologico e valutata in termini di fissità linguistica. In seguito, tentiamo di mostrare come il concetto di « construction » (Goldberg, 1995) consenta di descrire i vari livelli linguistici coinvolti nel ruolo e nella funzione testuale che detti verbi relazionali astratti rivestono per la lingua francese. Riconoscendo un contenuto semantico sia al livello grammaticale sia alla relazione logica espressa anche a scala interfrastica, la rappresentazione della "construction relationnelle abstraite" (CRA) che suggeriamo evidenzia l'insieme delle locuzioni verbali che condividono le stesse funzioni testuale e semantica. A nostro parere l' approccio "costruzionale" ai "verbes relationnels abstraits" offre vari vantaggi specie in chiave applicativa.Some verbs that are frequent in formal written French language show a certain amount of fixedness eventhough they do not qualify as typical fixed expressions. Linguistic theories on fixedness assume a double – formal and semantic – constraint hypothesis under which fixed units range from binary phrase to sentence. However, this framework does not seem to allow a satisfactorily description of the textual uses of such French verbs. Primarily, we define the concept of abstract relation verb and introduce the verb properties shown in usage data as an evidence for their borderline phraseologic status. We then demonstrate how the notion of « construction » (Goldberg, 1995) allows to account for the role abstract relational verbs play in text. By giving salience to a grammatical level associated with a logical textual function, the representation of the abstract relational construction (ARC) brings
to light a paradigm of verbs that share a given textual function. From an Applied Linguistics standpoint, this approach might offer several
benefits.Certains emplois verbaux (tenir à, avoir à, revenir à) fréquents dans l’écrit formel se présentent comme des expressions figées atypiques. Les théories du figement postulent une double contrainte formelle et sémantique et s’accordent sur l’empan syntaxique d’unités figées allant du syntagme binaire à la phrase simple. Or ce cadre semble exigu pour décrire le comportement textuel de ces verbes. Après avoir défini la notion de verbe relationnel abstrait, sa marginalité phraséologique au vu des usages, nous montrons que le concept de « construction » (Goldberg, 1995) permet de décrire finement le rôle et le fonctionnement textuel de ces emplois verbaux. En accordant un relief sémantique au niveau grammatical et à la relation logique et textuelle associée, la représentation de la construction relationnelle abstraite (CRA) met en lumière un paradigme de locutions verbales qui revêtent une même fonction textuelle. Cette approche présente plusieurs avantages du point de vue applicatif
Cg-TIMP, an inducible tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas with a potential role in wound healing and defense mechanisms(1)
No full textWe have cloned and characterized a cDNA encoding Cg-TIMP, the first tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase identified in mollusks. The isolated cDNA encodes a protein of 221 residues that has a domain organization similar to that of vertebrate TIMPs including a signal sequence, and the 12 cysteines characteristic of the TIMP signature. Analysis of Cg-TIMP expression in adult oyster tissues, by Northern blot and in situ hybridization, indicates that Cg-TIMP was only expressed in hemocytes which are the key components of defense mechanisms in mollusks. We also observed that Cg-TIMP mRNA accumulated during shell damage and bacterial challenge. This pattern of expression suggests that Cg-TIMP may be an important factor in wound healing and defense mechanisms.LR: 20061115; PUBM: Print; GENBANK/AF321279; JID: 0155157; 0 (DNA, Complementary); 0 (RNA, Messenger); 0 (TIMP protein, Crassostrea gigas); 0 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases); ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
Langage et histoire chez Maurice Merleau-Ponty
No full textL objet de ce travail est d interroger les liens entre philosophie et histoire dans la philosophie de Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Il consiste à questionner une déclaration de ce philosophe qui affirmait que Saussure pourrait avoir inauguré une nouvelle philosophie de l histoire . Il s agit pour nous de savoir quel sens une telle déclaration peut avoir pour Merleau-Ponty. Nous partons de l hypothèse qu il y a ici un changement de paradigme de la part de Merleau-Ponty pour la compréhension de l histoire. Il ne s agit plus de comprendre l histoire comme c était le cas pour Hegel ou Marx comme quelque chose qui aurait une intelligibilité et un sens à partir d une démarche seulement dialectique, il s agit de comprendre l histoire à partir de la linguistique. Notre propos est d établir comment ce changement peut se justifier. Le travail consiste en trois parties distinctes. Dans la première nous tâchons de montrer qu il y a eu une philosophie de l histoire chez Merleau-Ponty avant sa lecture de Saussure et que c était à partir de la notion de Gestalt que l histoire pouvait être comprise. Dans notre seconde partie nous voulons néanmoins montrer que la philosophie merleau-pontyenne de l histoire ne prend son véritable sens qu avec la lecture de l œuvre des linguistes et en particulier de Saussure. C est la notion de signification en tant que diacritique qui permet de penser le langage et aussi l histoire. Cette deuxième partie montre de ce fait la lecture des linguistes comme un moment charnière pour la compréhension de la philosophie merleau-pontyenne de l histoire. Notre troisième partie montre alors que les interrogations de Merleau-Ponty dans sa dernière philosophie et ce qu on appelle l ontologie de la chair gravite autour d un questionnement sur l histoire et le langage, ce questionnement amenant Merleau-Ponty à penser l histoire, la philosophie et son langage dans une nouvelle forme qui s apparente à une forme quasi littéraireThe aim of this work is to investigate the links between philosophy and history in Maurice Merleau-Ponty s thought. This philosopher stated that Saussure might have opened a new philosophy of history. I shall enquire what could be the meaning of such a statement to Merleau-Ponty, thus assuming that there is a transformation of the paradigm he used to conceptualise history. History indeed shouldn t be understood, as was the case with Hegel or Marx, as something having intelligibility and meaning only from a dialectical perspective, but should also be understood with the help of linguistics. Our point is to ascertain how such a change can be accounted for. This work is threefold. In the first part, I endeavour to show that Merleau-Ponty had a philosophy of history prior to his reading of Saussure, and that it was grounded in the notion of Gestalt. In a second part, I undertake to show that what is yet most significant in Merleau-Ponty s way of conceiving history comes from his interest in the work of some linguists and chiefly Saussure s. It is the notion of signification understood as diacritical which enables the conceptualisation of language as well as of history. The reading of linguists can thus be seen as a turning point in the making of his philosophy of history. The third part then goes on to show that the later Merleau-Ponty, and what has been called ontology of the flesh, revolves around a questioning of history and language bringing him to conceive history, philosophy and its language anew that is: through a quasi-literary formPARIS-EST-Université (770839901) / SudocSudocFranceF
La structuration de la phénoménalité (temporalité, trace, événement (Heidegger, Derrida, Nancy))
No full textEn lisant la deuxième partie (peu commentée) d Etre et Temps de Heidegger comme une nouvelle philosophie transcendantale au sens étroit, nous y décelons une multiplicité de temporalités comportant plusieurs instances de la présence. L instance la plus originaire contient pourtant, selon nous, un noyau relationnel et a-phénoménal, ce qui implique l affirmation d une structuration à même le phénomène. Nous poursuivons ce thème comme fil conducteur établissant un chemin de continuité entre Heidegger et Derrida, notamment dans les textes de Derrida dédiés à la phénoménologie où il est question de la métaphysique de la présence. Loin d y voir une critique de Heidegger nous lisons ces textes comme une extension de notre problématique : le vocabulaire derridien de la trace et de la différance nous permet d approfondir la description de ladite structuration archaïque. En insistant sur la référence analogique au domaine langagier, nous nous servirons de l analyse grammatologique afin de répondre aux questions laissées ouvertes dans Etre et Temps, et notamment afin de caractériser la temporalisation immanente. En même temps, nous suggérons de voir une distinction dans la trace, une distinction qui traverse l oeuvre ultérieure de Derrida. Le versant grammatologique de la déconstruction est une réponse à la question de la temporalité. Enfin, la question, récemment très discutée, de l événementialité, se laisse rattacher à notre problématique à travers des travaux de Jean-Luc Nancy. La notion d événement distensif, lorsque enrichi par une série de gloses historiques, est une pensée de la singularité qui ne sacrifie pas les acquis grammatologiques de la détermination d une structuration de la phénoménalitéThis thesis begins with Heidegger s theory of temporality in part II of Sein und Zeit. While reading it as a novel form of transcendental philosophy in the strict sense, we show, contrary to commentators, that it describes multiple temporalisations and thus multiple notions of presence. The most original notion of presence, however, contains an a-phenomenal and relational core, and this amounts to describing a structuration of phenomenality. In a next step, we examine early texts of Jacques Derrida where, in analyzing Husserl and Heidegger, the author first sets out the idea of a metaphysics of presence. Rather than reading these texts as a critique of Heidegger we show how they can be understood as an extension of our Heideggerian problematic: the notion of différance and of the written trace supply us with a particularly linguistic and writerly description of the archaic structuration. This also allows us both to respond in a novel fashion to open questions immanent to Sein und Zeit, and to suggest a previously unseen distinction running through Derridean deconstruction. The grammatological moment in deconstruction is a response to the question of temporality. Finally, we show how the recently popular discussion of the event can also be read as a thematisation of phenomenality, and specifically in the theory of Jean-Luc Nancy, how such a theory can avoid the facile metaphysical concepts of presence. By supplementing Nancy s distensive event with a series of explicit historical glosses we show how it sketches out an original event-conception quite compatible with our interest in the structuring of phenomenalityPARIS-EST-Université (770839901) / SudocSudocFranceF
Self−assembled monolayers of small organic molecules for tuning the electrical and optical properties of surfaces
No full textInternational audienceMolecular self-assembly [1,2] is one of the most promising strategy for giving surface specific properties with a nanoscale control. An important field of application of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) [2] is the so-called “molecular electronics” within which self-assembly is a very powerful way to obtain the organization at large surface scale of molecules showing particular electro-optical properties.After the principle of SAM preparation, the motivation of developing SAMs of small organic molecules will be illustrated by some examples of controlling the molecular structuration on silicon surfaces [3, 4]. How organization at the molecular scale acts on electro-optical properties of molecular chromophores will then be discussed through two examples: a structure-electrical properties relationship probed by STM [5] and the SAM of a novel push-pull thiophene-based chromophore [6,7]. For the latter, dense SAM formation of such non-charged chromophore is for the first time clearly demonstrated by spectroscopy (XPS, UV-vis, IR), ellipsometry, scanning probe microscopy (STM, AFM), and electrochemical measurements. Besides, good film quality is highlighted and local I-V characteristics measured by STM exhibit electrical rectification. Such I-V curves are correlated to UPS (filled states) and IPES (empty states) measurements and are consistent with the structure of the SAM-organized push-pull molecules standing upright at the surface [6]. This unique combination of properties makes such SAM a system of choice for the foreseen applications like in the field of PV energy conversion [8] and optical rectenna [9].References[1] G.M. Whitesides, B. Grzybowski, Science 295, 2418 (2002).[2] A. Ulman, An introduction to ultrathin organic films (Academic Press: Boston, 1991)[3] S. Desbief, L. Patrone, D. Goguenheim, D. Guérin, D. Vuillaume, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 2870 (2011); S. Desbief, L. Patrone, D. Goguenheim, D. Vuillaume, RSC Adv. 2, 3014, (2012); L. Patrone, V. Gadenne, S. Desbief, Langmuir 26(22), 17111 (2010)[4] V. Gadenne, L. Porte, L. Patrone, RSC Adv. 4(110), 64506 (2014)[5] X. Lefèvre, F. Moggia, O. Segut, Y.-P. Lin, Y. Ksari, G. Delafosse, K. Smaali, D. Guérin, V. Derycke, D. Vuillaume, S. Lenfant, L. Patrone, B. Jousselme, J. Phys. Chem. C 119(10), 5703 (2015)[6] V. Malytskyi, J.−J. Simon, L. Patrone, J.−M. Raimundo, RSC Adv. 5, 26308 (2015)[7] V. Malytskyi, V. Gadenne, Y. Ksari, L. Patrone, J.−M. Raimundo, Tetrahedron 73, 5738 (2017)[8] V. Malytskyi, J.−J. Simon, L. Patrone, J.−M. Raimundo, RSC Adv. 5, 354 (2015).[9] D. Duché, U. Palanchoke, L. Terracciano, F.−X. Dang, L. Patrone, J. Le Rouzo, T.S. Balaban, C. Alfonso, A. Charai, O. Margeat, J. Ackermann, C. Gourgon, J.−J. Simon, L. Escoubas, SPIE proc., ISSN:1996−756X, 9929: Nanostruct.Thin Films IX, 99290T (2016)
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