1,720,964 research outputs found
Pharmacogenetic insights into migraine treatment in children.
No full textPediatric migraine is a disabling condition that can affect the everyday activities and emotional states of children. Due to the multifactorial character of the pathology and the variety of the disease's phenotypes, establishment of an effective treatment is often challenging. Pharmacological treatment is often administered off-label and includes very different drugs, from analgesics to antidepressants. Since interindividual variability in therapy response commonly causes inefficacy and an exacerbation of symptoms, pharmacogenetics may help to decrease the prescription rate of useless or unsafe drugs. If there are many drugs used in migraine, then there are even more candidate or established pharmacogenetic markers that are implicated in clinical profiles. This article presents the current situation regarding the pharmacogenetics of drugs used in pediatric migraine.Pediatric migraine is a disabling condition that can affect the everyday activities and emotional states of children. Due to the multifactorial character of the pathology and the variety of the disease's phenotypes, establishment of an effective treatment is often challenging. Pharmacological treatment is often administered off-label and includes very different drugs, from analgesics to antidepressants. Since interindividual variability in therapy response commonly causes inefficacy and an exacerbation of symptoms, pharmacogenetics may help to decrease the prescription rate of useless or unsafe drugs. If there are many drugs used in migraine, then there are even more candidate or established pharmacogenetic markers that are implicated in clinical profiles. This article presents the current situation regarding the pharmacogenetics of drugs used in pediatric migraine
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Partitioned-airways nitric oxide in healthy and asthmatic children. Effect of atopy and anti-inflammatory therapy.
No full textBackground.
Peripheral and proximal airway contributions to nitric oxide (NO) exchange are promising tools for assessing asthma. How disease status and atopy influence partitioned-airway NO is still under investigation.
Aims.
To compare partitioned-airway NO concentrations with clinical data and allergen sensitization in asthmatic and healthy children.
Methods.
In 27 asthmatic and 53 healthy (12 atopic) children, aged 11.1±2.0 yr, 50 males), we measured the fractional NO concentration (FENO) at three exhalation flows: 50, 100 and 150 ml/s. Linear regressions of NO output with exhalation flows were used to estimate the alveolar-NO concentration (CaNO) and the maximum airway-NO flux (J’awNO). Respiratory symptoms, therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICs), spirometry and skin-prick testing were assessed. The sum of positive-skin wheals for either indoor and outdoor allergens was recorded.
Results.
Asthmatic and atopic-healthy children showed higher median (IQR) FENO, CaNO and J’awNO than non-atopic healthy children [e.g. CaNO: 8.1 (9.9) and 7.4 (4.6) ppb vs 3.3 (4.5) ppb; J’awNO: 1638.7 (1892.1) nl/s and 1108.3 (1662.6)nl/s vs 506.7 (443.3) nl/s, p<0.001]. ICs-treated patients (n=11) had lower CaNO than those steroid-naïve (n=16): 3.0 (7.2) ppb vs 9.5 (6.5) ppb, p<0.001. Multiple-linear regression analysis with NO-exchange variables as dependent with potential explanatory variables yielded CaNO explained by indoor-allergen scores and therapy with ICs whereas J’awNO model included asthma diagnosis and cough or wheeze in the past 4 weeks.
Conclusion.
Increased estimates of partitioned airway NO concentrations can be found in atopic children despite their disease status. Indoor, rather than outdoor allergens are associated to peripheral-airway inflammation
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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