270 research outputs found
NEIGHBORHOOD EFFECTS IN SPATIAL HOUSING VALUE MODELS. THE CASE OF THE METROPOLITAN AREA OF PARIS (1999)
No full textIn hedonic housing models, the spatial dimension of housing values are traditionally processed by the impact of neighborhood variables and accessibility variables. In this paper we show that spatial effects might remain once neighborhood effects and accessibility have been controlled for. We notably stress on three sides of neighborhood effects: social capital, social status and social externalities and consider the accessibility to the primary economic center as describing the urban spatial trend. Using spatial econometrics specifications of the hedonic equation, we estimate whether spatial effects impact the housing values. Our empirical case concerns the Metropolitan Area (MA) of Paris in France which is divided in 2 636 neighborhood areas. We estimate the housing price distribution from a sample of 21,000 apartments sold in 1999. Our empirical results highlight the lumpy distribution of unit price along the general decreasing spatial trend from the Central Business District once neighborhood effects have been introduced. More precisely, a spatial error model is estimated revealing a positive and significance spatial effects across housing values which extend beyond their neighborhood area. Social capital, social status and social externalities play local role and may positively or negatively impact the housing prices. We showed a positive impact of diversified building patterns but a negative impact of social mixity which is somewhat conflictual but which is in fact in line with many current questions about social segregation and spatial segregation in urban areas.Hedonic model, housing value, neighborhood effects, spatial econometrics
Neighborhood Effects in Spatial Housing Value Models The Case of the Metropolitan Area of Paris (1999).
No full textIn hedonic housing models, the spatial dimension of housing values are traditionally processed by the impact of neighborhood variables and accessibility variables. In this paper we show that spatial effects might remain once neighborhood effects and accessibility have been controlled for. We notably stress on three sides of neighborhood effects: social capital, social status and social externalities and consider the accessibility to the primary economic center as describing the urban spatial trend. Using spatial econometrics specifications of the hedonic equation, we estimate whether spatial effects impact the housing values. Our empirical case concerns the Metropolitan Area (MA) of Paris in France which is divided in 2 636 neighborhood areas. We estimate the housing price distribution from a sample of 21,000 apartments sold in 1999. Our empirical results highlight the lumpy distribution of unit price along the general decreasing spatial trend from the Central Business District once neighborhood effects have been introduced. More precisely, a spatial error model is estimated revealing a positive and significance spatial effects across housing values which extend beyond their neighborhood area. Social capital, social status and social externalities play local role and may positively or negatively impact the housing prices. We showed a positive impact of diversified building patterns but a negative impact of social mixity which is somewhat conflictual but which is in fact in line with many current questions about social segregation and spatial segregation in urban areas.Hedonic model, housing value, neighborhood effects, spatial econometrics
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION DENSITY: THE CASE OF THE AGGLOMERATION OF DIJON, 1999
No full textThe aim of this paper is to analyze the intra-urban spatial distributions of population and employment in the agglomeration of Dijon (regional capital of Burgundy, France). We study whether this agglomeration has followed the general tendency of job decentralization observed in most urban areas or whether it is still characterized by a monocentric pattern. In that purpose, we use a sample of 136 observations at the communal and at the IRIS (infra-urban statistical area) levels with 1999 census data and the employment database SIRENE (INSEE). First, we study the spatial pattern of total employment and employment density using exploratory spatial data analysis. Apart from the CBD, few IRIS are found to be statistically significant, a result contrasting with those found using standard methods of subcenter identification with employment cut-offs. Next, in order to examine the spatial distribution of residential population density, we estimate and compare different specifications: exponential negative, spline- exponential and multicentric density functions. Moreover, spatial autocorrelation, spatial heterogeneity and outliers are controlled for by using the appropriate maximum likelihood, generalized method of moments and Bayesian spatial econometric techniques. Our results highlight again the monocentric character of the agglomeration of Dijon.Bayesian spatial econometrics, exploratory spatial data analysis, outliers, population density, spatial autocorrelation, spatial heterogeneity, employment subcenters
Spatial effects of urban public policies on housing values
No full textProblems of spatial segregation have often stressed on the social status and social capital of a neighbourhood as main driving forces behind housing price formation. In this paper, it is assumed that spatial effects are additional variables worth considering since the impact of urban policies such as social housing policies and urban regeneration policies may permeate outside the areas where they are implemented. Our case study is of the urban area of Dijon (France), where these two types of urban policies have been implemented in the last three decades. Spatial effects are introduced in the hedonic model and a spatial error model is estimated, revealing a positive and significant global spatial effect combined with the usual influence of accessibility to the CBD. We also show the negative influence of location in social housing districts and the spatial diffusion effect they exert on neighbouring districts. Copyright (c) 2009 the author(s). Journal compilation (c) 2009 RSAI.
Un lieu en guerre : Sarajevo (1992-1995)
No full textRédactrice : Bénédicte Tratnjek Dans le cadre de l’Action Ecoles du Festival international de géographie 2012, Philippe Soudière, enseignant en histoire-géographie au Lycée Baumont de Saint-Dié-des-Vosges m’avait proposé d’intervenir devant les classes de Première S de son lycée, sur une question du programme d’histoire : « De nouvelles conflictualités depuis la fin de la guerre froide », dans la partie « Un lieu : Sarajevo (1992-1995) ». Avant cette intervention, il avait été prévu que les l..
The European Regional Convergence Process, 1980-1995: Do Spatial Regimes and Spatial Dependence Matter?
No full textWe show in this paper that spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity matter in the estimation of the b-convergence process among 138 European regions over the 1980-1995 period. Using spatial econometrics tools, we detect both spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity in the form of structural instability across spatial convergence clubs. The estimation of the appropriate spatial regimes spatial error model shows that the convergence process is different across regimes. We also estimate a strongly significant spatial spillover effect: the average growth rate of per capita GDP of a given region is positively affected by the average growth rate of neighboring regions.convergence, club convergence, spatial econometrics, European regions, spatial regimes, spatial autocorrelation
Economies d'agglomération et dynamique endogène de croissance des régions
No full textNous nous proposons, dans cet article, d ’étudier sous quelles conditions des mécanismes endogènes de croissance applicables aux régions peuvent être définis. L ’accent est mis sur l'organisation spatiale des activités économiques qui permet de produire les économies d ’agglomération nécessaires à la croissance. On étudie ensuite les impacts de cette organisation spatiale sur la capacité exportatrice des régions et sur la croissance économique régionale
Economies d'agglomération et dynamique endogène de croissance des régions
No full textNous nous proposons, dans cet article, d ’étudier sous quelles conditions des mécanismes endogènes de croissance applicables aux régions peuvent être définis. L ’accent est mis sur l'organisation spatiale des activités économiques qui permet de produire les économies d ’agglomération nécessaires à la croissance. On étudie ensuite les impacts de cette organisation spatiale sur la capacité exportatrice des régions et sur la croissance économique régionale
Nicolas Beaupré invité à l'émission "Tout un Monde" (France Culture) le 1er octobre 2013
No full textMardi 1er octobre 2013 de 15h-15h30 vous pourrez entendre Nicolas Beaupré, maître de conférences à l'université Blaise Pascal de Clermont-Ferrand et membre de l'IUF dans l'émission de Marie-Hélène Fraïssé sur France Culture. Il interviendra sur la réédition en collection Biblis chez CNRS Editions de son livre Ecrits de guerre 1914-1918, récompensé par le Prix Joseph Saillet 2007 de l’Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques, le Prix Maurice Baumont 2007 et le Prix Henry Malherbe 2009 de l’..
Dent, dentistes et politique
No full textAu moment même, à quelques mois de la huitième élection d un Président de la République où l image et le paraître s avèrent déterminants dans la conquête du pouvoir politique, il nous a paru susceptible d intérêt de conduire une recherche sur le rapport existant entre dent, dentistes et politiqueTOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
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