373 research outputs found
Darius I and the Daric
No full textThe author describes the place of the daric in the development of the coinage of Sardes, and links its weight with that of the Babylonian shekel of Darius I. He explores the question of exchange between the earlier electrum and the gold and silver issues struck at Sardes under the Persians, suggesting that there was a significant fall in the value of silver over the second half of the 6th. Century BC.L'auteur étudie la place du darique dans le développement du monnayage à Sardes, et lie son poids avec celui du shekel babylonien de Darius Ier. Il examine le problème de l'échange entre les monnaies en électrum de la période précédente et l'argent monnayé à Sardes à l'époque perse. Il suggère une baisse significative de la valeur de l'argent dans la deuxième moitié du VIe siècle av. J.-C.Price Martin J. Darius I and the Daric. In: Revue des Études Anciennes. Tome 91, 1989, n°1-2. L'or perse et l'histoire grecque, sous la direction de Raymond Descat. pp. 9-13
Darius Versus Xerxem: The images of Darius I And Xerxes In Old-Persian texts and in the works of Aeschylus and Herodotus
No full text© The Author(s) 2017. This article considers the development of the images of Persian Kings Darius I and Xerxes in Persia and Ancient Greece. The authors deal with self-representation of these monarchs in their inscriptions as well as perception of them in the ancient tradition represented by Aeschylus and Herodotus. They come to the conclusion that though Darius and Xerxes represented themselves as equals, they were perceived in ancient tradition as contrasting persons. It was most evident in Aeschylus' Persians who idealized Darius and represented Xerxes as the person mainly responsible for all misdeeds and failures of the Persians in their campaign against the Greeks. Herodotus contrasted Xerxes with Darius only on a few specific occasions, so the opposition between two Persian kings in his work is less evident than in Aeschylus' play. At the same time Herodotus' image of Xerxes is much more prejudiced and negative than that of Darius. However, there is a similarity in the representation of both Persian kings by Aeschylus and Herodotus: Darius is depicted as an administrator more than a warrior, Xerxes was a warrior par excellence
Darius Versus Xerxem: The images of Darius I And Xerxes In Old-Persian texts and in the works of Aeschylus and Herodotus
No full text© The Author(s) 2017. This article considers the development of the images of Persian Kings Darius I and Xerxes in Persia and Ancient Greece. The authors deal with self-representation of these monarchs in their inscriptions as well as perception of them in the ancient tradition represented by Aeschylus and Herodotus. They come to the conclusion that though Darius and Xerxes represented themselves as equals, they were perceived in ancient tradition as contrasting persons. It was most evident in Aeschylus' Persians who idealized Darius and represented Xerxes as the person mainly responsible for all misdeeds and failures of the Persians in their campaign against the Greeks. Herodotus contrasted Xerxes with Darius only on a few specific occasions, so the opposition between two Persian kings in his work is less evident than in Aeschylus' play. At the same time Herodotus' image of Xerxes is much more prejudiced and negative than that of Darius. However, there is a similarity in the representation of both Persian kings by Aeschylus and Herodotus: Darius is depicted as an administrator more than a warrior, Xerxes was a warrior par excellence
Crop Load Affects Yield, Fruit Size, and Return Bloom of the New Apple Cultivar Fryd© (‘Wuranda’)
No full textThe successful introduction of new cultivars depends on the evaluation of complex parameters essential for the consumers, market, and fruit producers. A new scab-resistant apple cultivar, ‘Wuranda’ (SQ159/Natyra®/Magic Star® × Honeycrisp), recently introduced in Norway and managed under the name Fryd©, is prone to biennial bearing. Therefore, one of the first tasks, investigated in Southwestern Norway by the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, NIBIO-Ullensvang in 2021–2024, was the establishment of optimal crop load level based on the combination of productivity, fruit quality, and return bloom. The apple cultivar Fryd (‘Wuranda’) was propagated on ‘M.9’ rootstock and planted in 2019. The trial was performed in the same orchard for four consecutive years, starting three years after planting. Crop load level affected average fruit mass but had no impact on cv. Fryd fruit quality parameters at harvest such as blush, ground color, firmness, soluble solid content, or starch degradation. Fruit size variation was diminished by crop load regulation, and most fruits fell into 2–3 grading classes. Crop load, not the yield per tree, was the determining factor for the return bloom. The optimal crop load level depended on the orchard age. To guarantee a regular bearing mode of cv. Fryd planted on M.9 rootstock at a 3.5 × 1 m distance and trained as slender spindle, crop load of 5.5–6 fruits cm−2 TCSA (trunk cross-sectional area) in the 3rd year, 7.5–8 fruits cm−2 TCSA in the 4th year, and 6.5–7 fruits cm−2 TCSA in the 5th year should be maintained
Relationships Among the Rootstock, Crop Load, and Sugar Hormone Signaling of Apple Tree, and Their Effects on Biennial Bearing
No full textAdjustable crop load primarily involves bud manipulation, and usually switches from vegetative to reproductive buds. While this switch is not fully understood, it is still controlled by the ratio of hormones, which promote or inhibit bud formation. To determine the reasons for biennial bearing, the effect of apple rootstock, scion cultivar, crop load, as well as metabolic changes of endogenous phytohormones [zeatin, jasmonic acid, indole-3 acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellins 1, 3, and 7 (GAs)], and soluble sugars (glucose, fructose, and sorbitol) were evaluated, and their connections with return bloom and yield of apple tree buds were analyzed. Cultivars “Ligol” and “Auksis” were tested on five rootstocks contrasting in induced vigor: semi-dwarfing M.26; dwarfing M.9, B.396, and P 67; and super-dwarfing P 22. Crop load levels were adjusted before flowering, leaving 75, 113, and 150 fruits per tree. Principal component analysis (PCA) scatter plot of the metabolic response of phytohormones and sugars indicated that the effect of the semi-dwarfing M.26 rootstock was significantly different from that of the dwarfing M.9 and P 67, as well as the super-dwarfing P 22 rootstocks in both varieties. The most intensive crop load (150 fruits per tree) produced a significantly different response compared to less intensive crop loads (113 and 75) in both varieties. In contrast to soluble sugar accumulation, increased crop load resulted in an increased accumulation of phytohormones, except for ABA. Dwarfing rootstocks M.9, B.396, and P 67, as well as super-dwarf P 22 produced an altered accumulation of promoter phytohormones, while the more vigorous semi-dwarfing M.26 rootstock induced a higher content of glucose and inhibitory phytohormones, by increasing content of IAA, ABA, and GAs. The most significant decrease in return bloom resulted from the highest crop load in “Auksis” grafted on M.9 and P 22 rootstocks. Average difference in flower number between crop loads of 75 and 150 fruits per tree in “Ligol” was 68%, while this difference reached ~ 90% for P 22, and ~ 75% for M.9 and M.26 rootstocks. Return bloom was dependent on the previous year’s crop load, cultivar, and rootstock
Causes of recurrence in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (vol 22, pg 975, 2018)
No full textIn the original publication, affiliation 3 was incorrectly published for the author 'Darius Ashrafi'. The correct affiliation should read as 'Department of Surgery, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
Relationships among the rootstock, crop load, and sugar hormone signaling of apple tree, and their effects on biennial bearing
No full textAdjustable crop load primarily involves bud manipulation, and usually switches from vegetative to reproductive buds. While this switch is not fully understood, it is still controlled by the ratio of hormones, which promote or inhibit bud formation. To determine the reasons for biennial bearing, the effect of apple rootstock, scion cultivar, crop load, as well as metabolic changes of endogenous phytohormones [zeatin, jasmonic acid, indole-3 acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellins 1, 3, and 7 (GAs)], and soluble sugars (glucose, fructose, and sorbitol) were evaluated, and their connections with return bloom and yield of apple tree buds were analyzed. Cultivars “Ligol” and “Auksis” were tested on five rootstocks contrasting in induced vigor: semi-dwarfing M.26; dwarfing M.9, B.396, and P 67; and super-dwarfing P 22. Crop load levels were adjusted before flowering, leaving 75, 113, and 150 fruits per tree. Principal component analysis (PCA) scatter plot of the metabolic response of phytohormones and sugars indicated that the effect of the semi-dwarfing M.26 rootstock was significantly different from that of the dwarfing M.9 and P 67, as well as the super-dwarfing P 22 rootstocks in both varieties. The most intensive crop load (150 fruits per tree) produced a significantly different response compared to less intensive crop loads (113 and 75) in both varieties. In contrast to soluble sugar accumulation, increased crop load resulted in an increased accumulation of phytohormones, except for ABA. Dwarfing rootstocks M.9, B.396, and P 67, as well as super-dwarf P 22 produced an altered accumulation of promoter phytohormones, while the more vigorous semi-dwarfing M.26 rootstock induced a higher content of glucose and inhibitory phytohormones, by increasing content of IAA, ABA, and GAs. The most significant decrease in return bloom resulted from the highest crop load in “Auksis” grafted on M.9 and P 22 rootstocks. Average difference in flower number between crop loads of 75 and 150 fruits per tree in “Ligol” was 68%, while this difference reached ~ 90% for P 22, and ~ 75% for M.9 and M.26 rootstocks. Return bloom was dependent on the previous year’s crop load, cultivar, and rootstock
Creating and developing innovation at companies.
No full textSantrauka užsienio kalba (Summary) Author of paper: Dainius Berčiūnas Full title of the paper: Creating and developing innovation at companies Paper advisor: assist. Darius Ruželė The author aims to deepen the knowledge and understanding of innovation concept as well as development stages by analyzing existing academic literature in the first part of this project work. The second part of work includes the investigation and analysis done by the author in order to investigate author’s new innovation idea – company’s brand promotion using personal cars driven by students. It was important to find out willingness of the companies and students to implement the idea of promoting brand of a company on the cars of students. Another focus of analysis is to indicate the demand in the local market of the idea itself. In order to achieve the goal of this project work it was divided into few smaller sections. First of all, it is focused to revise and explain the concept, main existing theories and the importance of innovation. Secondly, by analyzing academic literature it is being introduced the creation process and the development stages of innovation. Furthermore, after performing academic literature review, it was significant to continue with actual investigation of the new innovation idea possible implementation demand. Finally, the last part of this paper consists of the analysis description as well as emphasis of main conclusion and recommendation. To briefly summarize this paper, it can be mentioned that it is important to analyze existing practices and theory on innovation in order to implement and develop them inside the companies. If talking about the success of main author’s idea, after performed analysis can be stated that this new innovation idea is worth to be implemented in the companies, which aim to increase their brand awareness with spending relatively low part of income for advertising
Innovation implementation in the sport organization.
No full textAuthor of paper: Kristina Zujūtė Full title of the paper: Innovation implementation in the sport organization. Paper advisor: assist. Darius Ruželė Number of pages: 42 Number of tables: 7 The aim of this work is to conduct an empirical research on the implementation of innovations in a sports organization while using scientific literature. Research methods: secondary data analysis (already existing scientific papers), analysis of primary research findings (responses from interviews with the organization employees) and a summary of the findings from both secondary and primary research. Secondary data findings show that there are articles discussing the specifics of implementing innovations in organizations. However, there were no articles found about the implementation of innovations in the sports organization. The application and implementation of innovations and the connection between innovation and the organization’s strategy were analysed during the sports organization analysis. There was a focus on the influence of innovations on the organization’s results. Employees’ suggestions on how to adopt new innovations are listed as well. Findings suggest that innovations are current and are being adopted rapidly. Most recent innovations are these: courses for coaches, a variety of information processing systems, new uniforms for sports people, collaboration with a firm which supplies supplements and the creation of a documentary movie. According to the respondents, everything starts from the problem, as soon as the problem appears, the solutions are found to that problem. During the innovations strategy and connection analysis it was noticed that innovations are the essential part of the organization’s strategy. Obviously, not everything always happens in a way that the employees of the organization want and expect. After analysing the influence of innovations on the organization’s results, it was suggested that innovations motivate to do well and lead to better results. According to few respondents, the organization focuses on the most important work but pays less attention to the creation of new innovations
Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Apples of the ‘Galaval’ Cultivar Grown on 17 Different Rootstocks
No full textApple cultivars are one of the main factors setting the composition of bioactive compounds in apples and the quality of the fruit. However, research has been providing increasing amounts of data on the influence of rootstocks on the variations in the composition of bioactive compounds in apples. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of rootstocks on the changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in vitro in apple flesh and peel. HPLC analyses of phenolic compounds in apple samples were performed. The rootstock–scion combination had a significant effect on the composition and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds in apple samples. Depending on the rootstock, the total content of phenolic compounds in apple flesh of the ‘Galaval’ cultivar could vary by 2.9 times, and in the peel by up to 90%. The genotype of the rootstock resulted in the highest variation in total flavan-3-ol content in apple flesh—by as much as 4.3 times—while the total content of flavonols varied by 2.1 times. In apple peel, on the contrary, the greatest variation was recorded for the total flavonol content (by 4.4 times), and the total flavan-3-ol content varied the least (by 1.8 times). A proper match of a cultivar and a rootstock can program a fruit tree to grow larger amounts of higher-quality, antioxidant-rich, and high-nutrition-value fruit
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