101,869 research outputs found
Smith Machine exercise: the key points
No full textDuring the past two decades, sports scientists, coaches, therapeutic specialists, and other professionals are using the Smith Machine exercise (SME) to improve lower limb muscle strength. By overviewing the literature, the position of the bar, load, training volume (repetitions and sets), recovery (resting time), power, muscular work, and one repetition maximum (1-RM) are characteristics describing the SME and presented as variables on which the resistance training (RT) program periodization is focused. Therefore, the aim of the present brief review is to clarify this crucial point and to simplify the SME approach for the strength and condition trainers as well as for all other scientist involved in sports or therapeutic work. This brief review offers an insight into several recommendations on the key points, firmly based on relevant literature
Effectiveness of yoga combined with back school program on anxiety, kinesiophobia and pain in people with non-specific chronic low back pain: a prospective randomized trial
No full textIntroduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Yoga combined with Back school program intervention compared to Yoga program only in order to evaluate anxiety, kinesiophobia, back pain disability and quality of life in people affected by non-specific chronic low back pain.
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 70 participants (age 37.97 +/- 5.54 years) with non-specific chronic low back pain were randomized to undergone experimental Yoga combined with Back school group (35 subjects; Intervention) or Hatha Yoga program group (35 subjects, Control) respectively. The intervention consisted of Yoga exercise sessions with Back school meetings, two times per week for 8 weeks. We investigate the effectiveness of these interventions through some psychological factors: anxiety (Hamilton anxiety scale HAM-A), kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia TSK), back pain disability (Roland Morris Disabilities RMQ), and quality of life (36 Item Short Form Survey SF-36).
Results: We found significant decrease in mean scores of all psychological variables (Anxiety F-2,F-68=53.504, p<0.001; Kinesiophobia F-2,F-68=52.244, p<0.001; Disability F-2,F-68=128.343, p<0.001) and increase in health-related quality of life sub-scales (Bodily pain F-1,F-34=20.907, p<0.001; General mental health F-1,F-34=7.319, p=0.011; General health per-ceptions F-1,F-34=7.879, p=0.008) in Intervention group. Both groups were significantly different in all psychological variables and three sub-scales relate to the quality life (Physical functioning, Bodily pain, and General health perceptions) at the end of 8 and 12 training interventions weeks.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated effectiveness of Yoga combined with Back school intervention in people affected by nCLBP with lowering Anxiety, Kinesiophobia and Disability together with improving the quality of life
Reviewing the relationship between physiology of breathing and physical activity in anxiety disorders
No full textThe possible influence of the quality of breathing on physical activity remains the subject of numerous scientific studies in different fields, including not only the most basic physiological and biological concepts but also the fields of psychiatry, psychology, and neuroscience. The literature about the relationship between breathing and psychophysiological factors is continuously growing, and several studies have investigated the influence of breathing techniques on human beings. This review aims to give a literature overview of the respiratory function impact on psychopathology, taking into account anxiety disorders, physical activity, and the relationship between them. Literature investigating different topics involving the influence of breathing on anxiety disorders, the influence of breathing on physical activity and related anxiety disorders showed an association between them even if this relationship is not well clarified. Regular physical activity could become even a primary or preferential treatment. Relaxation techniques, as well as motor visualization, mindfulness, and even oral appliances, could help people improve their general condition with the improvement of the control of their psychophysical performance. Further literature with different physical activities and experiences regarding psychodynamic treatments could assume a new scenario
Comment on “Differences in Ventilatory Threshold for Exercise Prescription in Outpatient Diabetic and Sarcopenic Obese Subjects”
No full textThe effect of acute and chronic exercise on steroid hormone fluctuations in young and middle-aged men
No full textThe current study examine the effects of combined sprint and resistance training on serum total testosterone (TT), sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and cortisol (C), at rest, and in response to the Wingate Anaerobic-Test (WAnT) in 21 and 41years old men. Forty moderately-trained men were randomly assigned to a young trained (YT), young control (YC), middle-aged trained (MAT), and middle-aged control (MAC) group. Before (P1), and after (P2) training, blood samples were collected at rest and after exercise. At P1, higher C and lower TT was observed in middle-aged groups compared to younger ones (P0.05). Basal SHBG decreased significantly in YT at P2 (P0.05). Free-testosterone was significantly (P0.05). C post-WAnT increased significantly for MAT only (P0.05). The current study demonstrates that this training intervention may help increase steroids hormones in middle-aged men and counteract the negative effect of age on TT and free testosterone.
Highlights: Total testosterone, cortisol and SHBG increase with the exercise intensity; Intensive training increase basal testosterone levels in middle-aged men; Intensive training reduces age effect in testosterone levels in middle-aged men; Intensive training does not alter basal SHBG and cortisol levels in middle-aged men
Effect of Heart rate on Basketball Three-Point Shot Accuracy
No full textThe three-point shot (3S) is a fundamental basketball skill used frequently during a game, and is often a main determinant of the final result. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different metabolic conditions, in terms of heart rates, on 3S accuracy (3S%) in 24 male (Under 17) basketball players (age 16.3 ± 0.6 yrs). 3S performance was specifically investigated at different heart rates. All sessions consisted of 10 consecutive 3Ss from five different significant field spots just beyond the FIBA three-point line, i.e., about 7 m from the basket (two counter-clockwise “laps”) at different heart rates: rest (0HR), after warm-up (50%HRMAX [50HR]), and heart rate corresponding to 80% of its maximum value (80%HRMAX [80HR]). We found that 50HR does not significantly decrease 3S% (−15%, P = 0.255), while 80HR significantly does when compared to 0HR (−28%, P = 0.007). Given that 50HR does not decrease 3S% compared to 0HR, we believe that no preliminary warm-up is needed before entering a game in order to specifically achieve a high 3S%. Furthermore, 3S training should be performed in conditions of moderate-to-high fatigued state so that a high 3S% can be maintained during game-play
Monitoring Internal Training Intensity Correlated with Neuromuscular and Well-Being Status in Croatian Professional Soccer Players during Five Weeks of the Pre-Season Training Phase
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the changes in internal training intensity, well-being, and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance and to determine their relationship across five weeks of the pre-season training phase in professional soccer players. A total of 22 professional male soccer players (age = 21.7 ± 4 years, body height = 185.9 ± 6.3 cm, body weight = 79 ± 6.3 kg, BMI = 22.8 ± 1.4 kg·m−2; VO2max = 52.9 ± 3.2) from the Croatian Second League voluntary participated in this study. The players spent 2230 ± 117 min in 32 technical/tactical and strength/conditioning training sessions, mostly at the low intensity zone (61%), and played 8 friendly matches at a high intensity (>90%). A one-way repeated measure of analysis ANOVA revealed a significant difference between weeks in CMJ performance (F(1,22) = 11.8, p < 0.001), with CMJ height in weeks 4 and 5 being likely to very likely higher than that noted in week 1. Moreover, significant differences between weeks were found in all internal training intensity measures (average [F(1,22) = 74.8, p < 0.001] and accumulated weekly internal training intensity [F(1,22) = 55.4, p < 0.001], training monotony [F(1,22) = 23.9, p < 0.001], and training strain [F(1,22) = 34.5, p < 0.001]). Likewise, differences were observed for wellness status categories (fatigue [F(1,22) = 4.3, p = 0.003], sleep [F(1,22) = 7.1, p < 0.001], DOMS [F(1,22) = 5.7, p < 0.001], stress [F(1,22) = 15.6, p < 0.001]), mood [F(1,22) = 12.7, p < 0.001], and overall well-being status score (F(1,22) = 13.2, p < 0.001). Correlation analysis showed large negative correlations between average weekly internal training intensity and fatigue (r = −0.63, p = 0.002), DOMS (r = −0.61, p = 0.003), and WBI (r = −0.53, p = 0.011). Additionally, fatigue was significantly associated (large negative correlation) with accumulated weekly internal training intensity (r = −0.51, p = 0.014) and training strain (r = −0.61, p = 0.003). Small, but non-significant, correlations were found between CMJ performance and wellness status measures. These findings highlight the utility and simplicity of monitoring tools to improve athletes’ performance
Time-restricted feeding influences immune responses without compromising muscle performance in older men
No full textThis study examined the effect of 12 wk of time-restricted feeding (TRF) on complete blood cell counts, natural killer cells, and muscle performance in 20- and 50-year-old men
Bibliographie Hilarion G. Petzold 1958 – 2009 mit Anhang als Einführung
No full textDieses Archiv enthält die Gesamtbibliographie der Werke des Autors nebst einiger Texte „Über H. G. Petzold“ im Schlussteil der Bibliographie sowie einen Anhang mit einer Einführung in die Architektur des Werkes in seinem wissenslogischen Aufbau als Ausarbeitung seines „Tree of Science Modells“ (2007).This archive contains the complete bibliography of the author and some texts about H. G. Petzold, moreover an epilogue with an introduction to the architecture of the works in its epistemological structure and composition and as an elaborations of Petzold’s „Tree of Science Modell (2007).https://www.fpi-publikation.de/polyloge/01-2009-petzold-h-g-gesamtbibliographie-h-g-petzold-1958-2009-updating-november2009/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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