1,721,041 research outputs found
FIGURE 5 in A new small bent-toed gecko of the genus Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the lower slopes of Mount Tambora, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia
No full textFIGURE 5. Habitat of Cyrtodactylus tambora sp.nov. along the riverbank of the Oi Marai River, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia. Photograph by A. Riyanto.Published as part of Riyanto, Awal, Mcguire, Jimmy A., Kusrini, Mirza D., Basyir, Irfan Haidar & Kaiser, Hinrich, 2017, A new small bent-toed gecko of the genus Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the lower slopes of Mount Tambora, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia, pp. 517-528 in Zootaxa 4242 (3) on page 523, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/37694
A new species of Chirixalus Boulenger, 1893 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the lowland forests of Java
No full textMunir, Misbahul, Hamidy, Amir, Kusrini, Mirza Dikari, Kennedi, Umar Fhadli, Ridha, Mohammad Ali, Qayyim, Dzikri Ibnul, Rafsanzani, Rizky, Nishikawa, Kanto (2021): A new species of Chirixalus Boulenger, 1893 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the lowland forests of Java. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 69: 219-234, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2021-001
Fig. 3 in A new species of Chirixalus Boulenger, 1893 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the lowland forests of Java
No full textFig. 3. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the holotype Chirixalus pantaiselatan, new species, MZB. Amph 30547. Scale = 5 mm.Published as part of Munir, Misbahul, Hamidy, Amir, Kusrini, Mirza Dikari, Kennedi, Umar Fhadli, Ridha, Mohammad Ali, Qayyim, Dzikri Ibnul, Rafsanzani, Rizky & Nishikawa, Kanto, 2021, A new species of Chirixalus Boulenger, 1893 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the lowland forests of Java, pp. 219-234 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 69 on page 224, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2021-0018, http://zenodo.org/record/535213
Fig. 2 in A new species of Chirixalus Boulenger, 1893 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the lowland forests of Java
No full textFig. 2. The plot of the first two principal components with 95% confidence of ellipses within two populations of adult male Chirixalus trilaksonoi (violet) and Chirixalus sp. (blue) based on the size-corrected morphometric variables (loading scores of the characters, see appendix 5).Published as part of Munir, Misbahul, Hamidy, Amir, Kusrini, Mirza Dikari, Kennedi, Umar Fhadli, Ridha, Mohammad Ali, Qayyim, Dzikri Ibnul, Rafsanzani, Rizky & Nishikawa, Kanto, 2021, A new species of Chirixalus Boulenger, 1893 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the lowland forests of Java, pp. 219-234 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 69 on page 222, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2021-0018, http://zenodo.org/record/535213
Fig. 4 in A new species of Chirixalus Boulenger, 1893 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the lowland forests of Java
No full textFig. 4. Ventral of right foot (A) and right hand (B) views of the holotype Chirixalus pantaiselatan, new species, MZB. Amph MZB. Amph 30547. Scales = 5 mm.Published as part of Munir, Misbahul, Hamidy, Amir, Kusrini, Mirza Dikari, Kennedi, Umar Fhadli, Ridha, Mohammad Ali, Qayyim, Dzikri Ibnul, Rafsanzani, Rizky & Nishikawa, Kanto, 2021, A new species of Chirixalus Boulenger, 1893 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the lowland forests of Java, pp. 219-234 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 69 on page 224, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2021-0018, http://zenodo.org/record/535213
Amphibian and reptile communities of upland and riparian sites across Indonesian oil palm, rubber and forest
No full textIndonesia is the largest producer of oil palm and the second largest exporter of rubber worldwide; a significant part of the country's rainforests have been converted to agriculture. Conservation measures are needed to assess and reduce the impact of agricultural intensification on the vertebrate fauna, but limited effort has been put so far in understanding the effects of habitat conversion on reptiles and amphibians. Here we study community composition, species richness and abundance of the herpetofauna of the densely farmed Jambi province, central Sumatra (Indonesia). We compared reptile and amphibian communities of upland and riparian sites of lowland rainforest as well as upland and riparian sites of oil palm and rubber plantations through visual-aural encounter surveys and pitfall trappings. Plantations tended to have lower amphibian abundance when compared to riparian forest, but not compared to upland forest. There is a trend for higher amphibian numbers and species in riparian sites of all habitat types. Rare amphibians were much more abundant in riparian forest and common amphibians were more prevalent in plantations, especially oil palm. Surprisingly, reptile richness and abundance was higher in oil palm plantations than all other habitats. Plantations comprise mostly common reptile and amphibian species of low conservation interest, and communities were markedly different between plantations and forests. Several species were recorded for the first time in the sampled region. We conclude that in our region, riparian sites appear to be important for maintaining amphibian populations, but forest is doubtlessly irreplaceable to conserve rare amphibians. Nevertheless, in our study oil palm monocultures harbored a relatively high reptile density and richness. Keywords: Herpetofauna, Species richness, Abundance, Community composition, Sumatr
Breeding Behavior of Javanese Tree Frog (Rhacophorus margaritifer, Schlegel, 1837) in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park.
No full textResearch on breeding behavior of Javanese tree frog (Rhacophorus margaritifer, Schlegel, 1837) research aims to describe 1) morphology characteristic of breeding frog and breeding intensity of Javanese tree frog; 2) time preference and breeding site of Javanese tree frog, 3) breeding behavior systematic of Javanese tree frog from pre-breeding to post-breeding phase including disturbance factors; and 4) male frog acoustic sounds. Preliminary study was held on November to December 2008 to found suitable location for breeding site, time of breeding, and frog congregation in Cibereum waterfall track in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. Breeding behavior research was carried out on March to November 2009.Data collected consisted of primary and secondary data. Primary data consisted of morphology characteristic of breeding frog and breeding season, time and site breeding preference, systematic of frog breeding behavior, and male frog acoustic sound. Secondary data consisted of information regarding general condition, climate , and rainfall . Breeding morphology characteristic of Javanese tree frog consisted of development of vocal sac under mouth on the male frog and stomach full of ovum on the female. During the observation the number of frogs in breeding consisted of 271 males and 40 females, Nineteen pair of amphibian in amplexus were encountered, and complete mating behavior were successfully observed for five pairs. Frogs congregate and perform amplexus in high number during December. Time of amplexus occurred between 18:00 and 22:00. The breeding systematic of javan tree frog on the observation site consisted of 1) male frog calling, 2) female response male calling, 3) female select the matching male, 4) amplexus position, 5) searching for nesting site, 6) oviposition, 7) male and female frogs separate after fertilization. During the observation several disturbances occurred caused by the use of spool track by other research, disruption by other individual during amplexus and nesting, disruption by polecat, and observer.Male’s calls have three principal types: long call, short call, and soft short call.Penelitian perilaku berbiak katak pohon Jawa (Rhacophorus margaritifer Schlegel, 1837) memiliki tujuan 1) mengetahui karakteristik morfologi dan intensitas berbiak katak pohon Jawa, 2) mengetahui pemilihan waktu dan tempat berbiak katak pohon Jawa, 3) mendeskripsikan sistematika perilaku berbiak katak pohon Jawa dimulai dari pra- kawin sampai dengan paska kawin termasuk hal-hal yang mengganggu proses berbiak, 4) mendeskripsikan akustik suara katak jantan. Penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan pada bulan November sampai Desember 2008 di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango. Penelitian pendahuluan ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi katak, lokasi berbiak, dan waktu berbiak. Pengambilan data perilaku berbiak dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai November 2009. Data yang diambil berupa data primer dan sekunder. Data primer berupa karakteristik morfologi katak berbiak dan musim berbiak, pemilihan waktu dan tempat berbiak katak, sistimatika perilaku berbiak katak, dan akustik suara katak jantan. Data sekunder mencakup kondisi umum, data iklim, dan curah hujan. Katak Pohon Jawa berbiak memiliki ciri morfologi pada jantan yaitu berkembangnya kantung suara di bawah mulut; sedangkan pada betina ditandai dengan perut menggembung dan berisi penuh telur. Selama pengamatan terdapat frekuensi perjumpaan 271 jantan 40 betina yang melakukan aktivitas berbiak. Terdapat 19 pasangan amplexus yang dapat diamati dengan 5 pasangan yang dapat diamati secara menyeluruh. Puncak katak berkumpul dan melakukan amplexus terjadi pada bulan Desember. Puncak katak melakukan amplexus terjadi pada rentang waktu jam 18.00 WIB sampai dengan jam 22.00 WIB. Pada pengamatan perilaku berbiak didapatkan sistematika berbiak katak pohon jawa yaitu: 1) katak jantan memanggil, 2) katak betina merespon panggilan katak jantan, 3) katak betina memilih jantan yang sesuai, 4) posisi amplexus, 5) pencarian lokasi bersarang, 6) pengeluaran telur, 7) katak berpisah setelah jantan membuahi telur yang dikeluarkan betina. Gangguan dengan pemakaian spool track, gangguan dari individu lain saat amplexus, gangguan individu lain saat bersarang, gangguan oleh sigung, gangguan oleh kelelawar, dan gangguan oleh pengamat.Jantan bersuara memiliki 3 pola utama, yaitu suara panggilan panjang, suara panggilan pendek, dan suara panggilan pendek lirih
Tangkapan Tidak Sengaja (Bycatch) Kura-kura Ambon (Cuora amboinensis) oleh Nelayan di Rawa Aopa, Sulawesi Tenggara
No full textTaman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohai memiliki ekosistem rawa permanen yaitu Rawa Aopa yang diduga sebagai salah satu habitat yang sesuai bagi kura-kura ambon (Cuora amboinensis). Rawa Aopa terletak di zona tradisional yang di dalamnya terdapat aktivitas masyarakat berupa penangkapan ikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur karakteristik morfologi dan struktur umur kura-kura ambon hasil tangkapan tidak sengaja dan mengidentifikasi kegiatan nelayan yang memengaruhi bycatch kura-kura ambon di Rawa Aopa. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan wawancara terhadap nelayan dan pengamatan secara langsung dengan mengikuti kegiatan nelayan untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan kura-kura ambon. Sebanyak 38 individu hasil tangkapan nelayan berhasil diukur. Ukuran rata-rata relatif lebih kecil dibanding dengan ukuran kura-kura ambon di dalam kolam-kolam savana taman nasional maupun di lokasi lain. Perbedaan ini diduga karena alat tangkap bubu selektif dalam menangkap kura-kura. Celah bukaan bubu hanya dapat memerangkap kura-kura berukuran kecil. Sebagian besar kegiatan nelayan dilakukan di dalam maupun di luar area taman nasional. Semua nelayan pernah menemukan kura-kura ambon sebagai tangkapan sampingan (bycatch). Perlakuan nelayan yang melepas kembali kura-kura ambon yang terperangkap di alat tangkap (terutama bubu) merupakan hal positif karena kura-kura ambon yang dibuang masih dalam kondisi hidup. Sikap ini perlu dipertahankan untuk menjaga populasi kura-kura ambon di Rawa Aopa
Keanekaragaman Spesies Burung dan Amfibi Pada Lanskap Didominasi Manusia di Wilayah Bogor
No full textHuman dominated lanscape (HDL) become alternative to conserve biodiversity as the part was integrated with protected natural landscape. Birds and amphibians were chosen as indicator because of their sensitivity towards habitat change. This research aimed to analyze structure and composition of birds and amphibian community, relationship between birds and amphibian community, and relationship of both taxon with area. Bird sampling was taken using IPA method, whereas sample of amphibians were taken using transect. Survey were carried out in six habitat in Bogor which consist of nature forest, mixed forest plantation, monoculture forest plantation, seasonal garden, paddyfield and housing complex. Total observation of birds was 557 hours (5013 points) and amphibian was 424 hours (1693 transects). Total encounter for all locations was 100 birds species (individu~1 mean 5731.6) and 16 amphibian species (individual mean 1478.3). Cave-Swiftlet Collocalia lin chi and Scalybreasted Munia Lonchura punctulata is dominant birds. Marsh Frog Fejervarya Iimnocharis is dominant for five habitat, except the housing was dominated Asian Toad Buto melanostictus. All stages of successional HDL had highly similar both bird and amphibian assemblages. MUlti-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis resulted three clusters based on similarity of both birds and amphibian. Bird correlation with amphibian was significant for all location (r=0.69). Amphibian with area was significant for all location «r=0.92) and for housing habitat (r=O.68)
Keanekaragaman Herpetofauna di Taman Nasional Komodo dan Sekitarnya.
No full textTaman Nasional Komodo merupakan kawasan konservasi yang berada di
wilayah Wallacea yang merupakan salah satu habitat Komodo (Varanus
Komodoensis). Pulau di kawasan Wallacea memiliki kekayaan endemik yang
tinggi walaupun tingkat keanekaragamnya lebih rendah dibanding pulau besar
lainnya di Indonesia. Keberadaan spesies invasif tentunya akan mengacam
keseimbangan ekologis, ekonomi dan sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah
mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman herpetofauna dan mendeteksi keberadaan
Duttaphrynus melanostictus di Taman Nasional Komodo dan sekitarnya.
Pengamatan dilakukan pada Februari-April 2018 menggunakan Visual Encounter
Survey yang dipadukan dengan Transek 400 m. Pengambilan data dilakukan di
Taman Nasional Komodo (Pulau Rinca: Kampung Rinca, Loh Buaya, dan Loh Baru
dan Pulau Komodo: Kampung Komodo, Loh Liang dan Loh Wau), Pulau Flores
(Labuan Bajo dan Cumbi Village), dan Pulau Sumbawa (Sape). Herpetofauna yang
ditemukan di Taman Nasional Komodo terdiri dari 2 jenis amfibi dan 18 jenis reptil
sedangkan secara keseluruhan total jenis herpetofauna yang ditemukan adalah 7
jenis amfibi dan 22 jenis reptil. Keanekaragaman tertinggi (H'= 2.146) terdapat di
Loh Buaya (Pulau Rinca) dan kemerataan tertinggi (E=0.587) terdapat di Loh Baru
(Pulau Rinca). Kesamaan komunitas herpetofauna tertinggi adalah Pulau Komodo
dengan Pulau Rinca (IS=0.8). Tidak ditemukan D. melanostictus di Pulau Flores
(termasuk Taman Nasional Komodo), keberadaan D. melanostictus hanya
ditemukan di Sape (Pulau Sumbawa)
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