1,209 research outputs found
Frequency Domain Two-Stage Beamforming for Phased Array Imaging Using the Fast Hankel Transform
No full textThe huge amount of data that needs to be transferred between probe and imaging system becomes a major issue when the data transfer capacity is limited, e.g. in handheld systems, wireless probes and miniaturized probes. The amount of data can be significantly reduced by using two-stage beamforming. The first stage consists of a fixed focus algorithm that compresses channel data to scanline data. This can be done by integrated electronics in the handle. In the second stage the scanline data is further beamformed in the imaging system to obtain images that are synthetically focused at all depths. Here we present a wave equation two-stage beamforming method for phased array imaging that is computationally efficient and outperforms PSASB, a time-of-flight alternative, in terms of lateral resolution and contrast-to-noise ratio.Accepted Author ManuscriptImPhys/Acoustical Wavefield ImagingImPhys/Quantitative Imagin
High Frequency Functional Ultrasound in Mice
No full textFunctional ultrasound (fUS) is a relatively new imaging modality to study the brain with a high spatiotemporal resolution and a wide field-of-view. In fUS detailed images of cerebral blood flow and volume are used to derive functional information, as changes in local flow and/or volume may reflect neuronal activation through neurovascular coupling. Most fUS studies so far have been performed in rats. Translating fUS to mice, which is a favorable animal model for neuroscience, pleads for a higher spatial resolution than what has been reported so far. As a consequence the temporal sampling of the blood flow should also be increased in order to adequately capture the wide range in blood velocities, as the Doppler shifts are inversely proportional to the spatial resolution. Here we present our first detailed images of the mouse brain vasculature at high spatiotemporal resolution. In addition we show some early experimental work on tracking brain activity upon local electrical stimulation.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Signal Processing System
Nepalomyia reunionensis Ya, 2010, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Nepalomyia reunionensis</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 24−26)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Nepalomyia reunionensis</i> is close to <i>N. kotrbae</i> sp. n., differing in simple fore tarsus and in hypopygium morphology. The new species is related to the <i>pallipes-</i> species group (Wang et al. 2007), differing from Oriental species in bearing posterodorsal row of 5-6 dark setae on hind tibia.</p> <p> <b>Type material. HOLOTYPE</b> 3 [in glycerol, without maceration, in microvial mounted on pin] <b>La Reunion:</b> Le Grand Etang, Ufer, 27.IV.2002, leg. M. Kotrba [ZSM]. <b>PARATYPES</b>: 143, 17Ƥ [in alcohol; 13, 1Ƥ dried and mounted on pin], same label [ZSM; 13, 1Ƥ in author’s coll.].</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species is named for the island of origin.</p> <p> <b>Description. Male:</b> Similar to <i>N. kotrbae</i> sp. nov. in all respects except as noted: <b>Head</b>: Face under antennae about as wide as height of postpedicel, slightly narrowing towards clypeus. Antenna black; postpedicel subtriangular, slightly higher than long.</p> <p> <b>Thorax</b>: Mesonotum weakly shining. <b>Legs</b>: Yellow-brown with coxae and 5th tarsomeres brown. Fore leg without strong setae and remarkable cilia; length ratio of fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth): 27/ 14/6 /6/5/5. Mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal and 1 posterodorsal seta at basal fourth, 1 anterodorsal at 2/3. Length ratio of mid tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth): 39/17/9 /7/5/5. Hind tibia with 2 anterodorsals, posterodorsal row of 5−6 dark setae and with simple subapical dorsal bristle. Length ratio of hind tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth): 47/9/14 /9/6/6. <b>Wing</b>: Greyish, veins brownish. Ratio of part of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to that between R4+5 and M1+2: 13/10. Ratio of dm-cu to apical part of CuA1: 10/23.</p> <p> <b>Abdomen</b>: Brown, cylindrical, as long as thorax, with black hairs and marginal setae; tergum 6 small, glabrous; sterna 5 and 6 weakly sclerotized. Segment 7 glabrous, reduced, with small sternum; segment 8 brown, large, rounded, setose; hypopygium brown, with yellow cercus; epandrium ovoid, longer than high, concave ventrally in distal half; foramen lateral, positioned in basal half of epandrium; hypandrium not fused with epandrium, originating from 2 basolateral arms, then simple, short, nearly parallel-sided, with cut apex; phallus thickened at base, slender, cleft at apex; epandrial lobes reduced to 3 simple epandrial setae, with 2 setae long, and small lobe at distoventral corner of epandrium bearing short seta; surstylus symmetrical, reduced, bilobate, with dorsal arm broad, with 2 dorsal setae; ventral arm of surstylus narrow, almost bare; cercus elongate-ovate, flat, with strong marginal and short sparse dorsal setae.</p> <p> <b>Measurements</b> (mm): Body length 1.1–1.3, antenna length 0.45, wing length 1.5, wing width 0.5, hypopygium length 0.33. <b>Female</b>: Similar to female <i>N. kotrbae</i> sp. nov. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual characters. Each hemitergite with 4 thick setae.</p>Published as part of <i>Ya, Igor, 2010, Discovery of Griphophanes Grootaert & Meuffels and Nepalomyia Hollis in the Afrotropical Region with a key to Afrotropical genera of Peloropeodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), pp. 1-20 in Zootaxa 2668</i> on pages 16-18, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/276399">10.5281/zenodo.276399</a>
Symptoms of Imminent Eclampsia Among Women Attending Care at Muhimbili National Hospital: A Case Refferent Study
No full textPreeclampsia affects about 5 to 10% of all pregnancies and eclamptic seizure is one of its serious complications. In many developing countries including Tanzania, maternal and perinatal mortality due to eclampsia are high. As yet, primary prevention of eclampsia is not possible since the causes are largely unknown. Headache, visual disturbance, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting have been reported by various studies to precede most eclamptic seizures; thus could be used to predict and therefore prevent some cases given the availability of magnesium sulphate. These symptoms however are also common in normal pregnancy and post delivery mothers due to physiological changes of pregnancy and common disease conditions that usually affect pregnant women in our settings. The present study evaluated the characteristics of symptoms that are consistent with imminence of eclampsia This was a case referent study in which 123 eclamptic and 123 non eclamptic mothers that best matched in terms of age, parity, gestation age and delivery were enrolled, making a total of 246 women. The presence and characteristics of headache, visual disturbance, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting were enquired. A 4 grade scale was used to grade the severity of headache. In the rest of symptoms, common presenting features were utilized. Headache was common in both groups but was more frequent in eclamptic than in referent group of women (88% vs. 43%, p <0.001). In eclamptic mothers headache was mainly severe, frontal and most of the seizures happened within one week of the onset of headache, as compared to referent women where headache was mostly mild and either frontal or generalized. Visual problems were significantly frequent in eclamptics than in referent women, (39% vs. 3% p<0.001). Of the eclamptic mothers who presented with visual problems, 45(94%) had blurring of vision, 32(67%) had blind spots, 10(21%) had photophobia and only 7(15%) had total blindness. A total of 47(98%) of eclamptic mothers developed seizures within 12hours of the onset of visual problems. The frequency of abdominal pain was not significantly different between eclamptic and referent mothers (47% vs.38% p=0.156), however upper quadrant abdominal pain was significantly reported in eclamptic than in referent group of women (36% vs.9%, p=0.001). There was no significant difference on the type of abdominal pain presented by both groups. Nausea was common in both eclamptics and referent group of women (60% vs. 54%, p=0.303). There was no difference on presentation with vomiting among eclamptic and referent women (62% vs. 68% p=0.516) and in both groups the type of vomiting was commonly non projectile. This study has revealed that headache, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting are common to pregnancy whether or not complicated by preeclampsia/eclampsia. The characteristics of headache, visual disturbances and abdominal pain differ between eclamptics and women without preeclampsia/eclampsia. In a pre eclamptic woman, an onset of a severe frontal headache or upper quadrant abdominal pain would suggest an occurrence of seizures within one week. Visual disturbance is the most ominous sign as seizures ensue within 12 hours of its onset. Nausea and vomiting cannot be reliably used to predict clampsia.\u
Self-archiving practice and the influence of publisher policies in the social sciences
No full textAuthors in different disciplines exhibit very different behaviours on the so-called ‘green’ road to open access, i.e. self-archiving. This study looks at the self-archiving behaviour of authors publishing in leading journals in six social science disciplines. It tests the hypothesis that authors are self-archiving according to the norms of their respective disciplines rather than following self-archiving policies of publishers, and that, as a result, they are self-archiving significant numbers of publisher PDF versions. It finds significant levels of
self-archiving, as well as significant self-archiving of
the publisher PDF version, in all the disciplines
investigated. Publishers’ self-archiving policies have
no influence on author self-archiving practice
Pterotopteryx lida Ustjuzhanin et Kovtunovich, sp. n.
No full text<i>Pterotopteryx lida</i> Ustjuzhanin et Kovtunovich, sp. n. <p>Figs 1, 2</p> <p> MATERIAL EXAMINED. Holotype – female, <b>Russia</b>: Novosibirsk Region, Karasuk District, 5 km East of vil. Troitskoe, Biological Station, 53°43' N, 77°52' E, 10.VII.2011, leg. P.Ya. Ustjuzhanin and L.P. Ustjuzhanina (slide 201610, ISEA). Paratype: 1 ♀, same data as holotype (slide 201611, CUK).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION. Female (Fig. 1). Head covered by grey appressed scales. Thorax and tegulae brown grey. Labial palpi dark grey, directed forward, three times longer than longitudinal eye diameter. Third segment short, tapered to apex. Antennae thin, brown-grey. Wingspan 14 mm. Wings brown-grey with admixture of pale yellow scales. First lobe of fore wing with six dark brown rectangular spots of scales. Basal part of both wings darkened with dark grey scales. Medial part of wings with expressed, wide, arched, dark brown band. Similar band but narrow and less expressed is in distal part of wings. Apices of all lobes terminated with small but well expressed dark brown spots of scales. Fringe on wings alternate with portions of brown, grey and yellow hairs. Hind legs grey from outside, pale yellow from inside.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 2). Papillae anales narrow, elongated. Posterior and anterior apophyses thin, straight, equal in length. Antrum twice wider than ductus base, rather short, tubulate. Lamina postvaginalis wide, elongated, heavily sclerotized, three times wider than antrum. Ductus short, wide, more expanded near base of bursa. Ductus seminalis very long, twice longer than bursa copulatrix, loop-twisted at its confluence. Bursa copulatrix ellipsoidal, without signa.</p> <p>Male unknown.</p> <p>(Photo by S. Mishenin).</p> <p> COMPARISION. In the wings color, <i>Pterotopteryx lida</i> is similar to <i>P. dodecadactyla</i>, but is distinctive in the narrower and arched distal band, whereas in <i>P. dodecadactyla</i> the band is wider and relatively straight. In addition, the new species has a darker color of the wings. In the female genitalia, the new species is similar to <i>P. dodecadactyla</i> in the shape and length of the posterior and anterior apophyses and in the short ductus, but is distinctive in the shorter antrum, the ellipsoidal bursa copulatrix, the absence of the signa and also in the wide sclerotized lamina postvaginalis.</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. The new species is named after Lidia (diminutively – Lida) Ustjuzhanina, daughter of the first author, who actively participated in expeditions and collection of materials.</p>Published as part of <i>Ustjuzhanin, P. Ya. & Kovtunovich, V. N., 2016, A New Species Of Many- Plumed Moths (Lepidoptera, Alucitidae) From The South Of The West Siberian Plain, pp. 17-20 in Far Eastern Entomologist 322</i> on pages 17-19, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10084280">10.5281/zenodo.10084280</a>
Nepalomyia kotrbae Ya, 2010, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Nepalomyia kotrbae</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 15−23)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Having simple male wing veins and simple hypandrium, short postpedicel of male antenna, the new species is related to the <i>pallipes-</i> species group (Wang et al. 2007). Males of <i>N. kotrbae</i> are remarkable in having unusual setation on fore tarsus and hind tibia, strongly different from all other described species.</p> <p> <b>Type material. HOLOTYPE</b> 3 [dried and mounted on pin], <b>La Reunion:</b> near Ste-Rose, Foret Mourouvin, 470 m, 27.IV.2002, leg. M. Kotrba [ZSM]. <b>PARATYPES</b>: 703 and Ƥ [in alcohol], same label [ZSM; 13 and 1Ƥ in author’s coll.]; 23, 3Ƥ [in alcohol], <b>La Reunion:</b> Le Grand Etang, Ufer, 27.IV.2002, leg. M. Kotrba [ZSM].</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species is named for the collector, Dr. Marion Kotrba.</p> <p> <b>Description. Male: Head</b>: Frons and face with black ground colour; frons wider than high, brownish pollinose. One vertical seta at upper corner of frons; one short postvertical seta positioned behind vertical seta; ocellar setae strong; two short fine postocellars; postocular setae all dark, slightly increasing downward. Eyes haired. Face under antennae slightly wider than height of postpedicel, slightly narrowing towards clypeus. Antenna black-brown, slightly longer than head height. Scape small, vase-like; pedicel larger, globular, with ring of short setulae and 1 elongate apicodorsal seta; postpedicel triangular, as long as high at base, densely haired; arista-like stylus arising from the apical concavity of the postpedicel, 2.5 times as long as main segments of antenna combined, pubescent, with short thick segment 1 and filiform segment 2. Ratio of lengths of scape to pedicel to postpedicel to stylus: 2/ 3/5/29. Palpus and proboscis small, blackish-brown, palpus oval, with black seta and dark pubescence; proboscis with 6 pseudotracheae.</p> <p> <b>Thorax</b>: Dark-brown, with dark bristles; mesonotum shining blue, flattened posteriorly. Five (1+4) dorsocentrals, with 5th seta slightly shifted towards lateral margin; 7−8 pairs of short acrostichals in two rows; scutellum with one pair of strong setae and one pair of lateral hairs. Upper propleuron without setae; proepisternum with 1 strong seta. <b>Legs</b>: Yellow with coxae and 5th tarsomeres brownish. All tarsi with simple and small pulvilli and claws. Fore and mid coxae with dark anterior and apical setae; hind coxa with 1 dark bristle at middle. Fore leg without strong setae; fore femur with 1−2 fine posteroventral subapicals, fore tarsus with anterior row of long curved cilia, 2−3 times as long as diameter of corresponding tarsomeres, 2-3 cilia on each segment, longest on basitarsus. Length ratio of fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth): 31/10/7 / 5/5/6. Mid femur simple, bearing 1 strong but short anterior subapical bristle; mid tibia simple, with 1 anterodorsal and 1 posterodorsal seta at basal third, 1 anterodorsal right below middle and 3-4 apical setae, of which one ventral longish; no ventral setae; mid tarsus simple, but basitarsus with short basoventral seta; segments 1–4 each with short apical spinules. Length ratio of mid tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth): 42/16/9 /8/6/6. Hind femur simple, without strong bristles; hind tibia simple, with 2 anterodorsals, posterodorsal row of 8−9 pale setae and with simple subapical dorsal bristle; hind basitarsus with 1−2 short ventrals, 1 short apicoventral seta, with very small basal tooth posteriorly. Length ratio of hind tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth): 45/ 10/15/8 /7/8. <b>Wing</b>: Greyish, veins brown. Costa simple, with simple costal setulae reaching R2+3. Ratio of part of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to that between R4+5 and M1+2: 14/10. R2+3 and R4+5 slightly diverging towards wing apex; R4+5 and M1+2 straight and slightly diverging in distal half. Ratio of apical to basal part of M1+2: 60/35. Ratio of dm-cu to apical part of CuA1: 7/20. Anal vein fold-like, not reaching wing margin; anal lobe poorly developed; anal angle obtuse. Lower calypter small, brownish, with pale setae. Halter brownish.</p> <p> <b>Abdomen</b>: Brown, cylindrical, as long as thorax (dried specimen), with black hairs and marginal setae; tergum 6 small, glabrous, with shallow posterior emargination; sterna 5 and 6 weakly sclerotized. Segment 7 glabrous, reduced, with small sternum; in a dried specimen tergum 7 is visible as small inverted black Vshaped sclerite (dorsal view); segment 8 brown, large, ovate, setose; hypopygium brown, with yellow cercus; epandrium ovoid, longer than high, concave ventrally in middle; foramen lateral, positioned in basal half of epandrium; hypandrium not fused with epandrium, originating from 2 basolateral arms, then simple, short, parallel-sided, with rounded apex; phallus thick at base, slender, cleft at apex; epandrial lobes reduced to 3−4 simple epandrial setae, with one seta longish, and strong and long pedunculate curved seta at distoventral corner of epandrium; surstylus symmetrical, trilobate, with dorsal arm subtriangular, with dorsal seta; middle arm short, with thick apical seta; ventral arm of surstylus irregularly shaped, broad, with 2−3 small and 1 large oval plates; latter with 1 simple and 1 long flattened seta; cercus elongate-triangular, with strong apical spine and sparse dorsal setae.</p> <p> <b>Measurements</b> (mm): Body length 1.2, antenna length 0.45, wing length 1.5, wing width 0.5, hypopygium length 0.45. <b>Female</b>: Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual characters, otherwise as follows. Hind tibia with 5−6 dark posterodorsals, 2 anterodorsals; fore tarsus simple; each hemitergite with 5 thick setae.</p>Published as part of <i>Ya, Igor, 2010, Discovery of Griphophanes Grootaert & Meuffels and Nepalomyia Hollis in the Afrotropical Region with a key to Afrotropical genera of Peloropeodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), pp. 1-20 in Zootaxa 2668</i> on pages 11-16, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/276399">10.5281/zenodo.276399</a>
Teatral'naja dejatel'nost' N, Ja. Agnivceva v Berline 20-ch godov
No full textThe article focuses on N. Ya. Agnivtsev's theatre work in Berlin in the early 1920s as author of sketches and founder of the cabaret "Vanka-Vstanka"
Women in African Drama: Representation and role
No full textThe purpose of this study is to examine the representation and role of women in African theatre. The discussion is based on published and unpublished plays by African writers selected from a pan-African perspective.
The thesis is divided into two major parts: Women in Society; The Portrayal of Women by Major Playwrights. Part I follows a thematic approach aimed at examining the position of women in three different areas which form the chapters for the part : Women, Tradition and Social
Change; The Urban Woman and Women in Politics. Part II of the thesis analyses major African playwrights' presentation of women characters. This part discusses not only the characterization of women by major playwrights but also these writers' attitude towards women and women's issues. Examined here in two chapters are The Portrayal of Women by
Major Male Playwrights and The Portrayal of Women by Major Female Playwrights.
Chapter 1, 'Women, Tradition and Social Change' discusses selected playwrights' examination of African women's experiences in the traditional African setting as a major foundation of the present and future socio-political situation of the continent; this chapter is the springboard
of the study.
From the traditional milieu the study then moves on to the
relatively new urban environment. This Chapter examines the predicaments in which the African woman finds herself as she struggles to survive in a world which differs significantly from the traditional one. Survival in the urban environment demands a certain degree of autonomy
from communal ties on the part of the individual. Yet in the case of the African woman, society does not hesitate to censure her movements and even to point an accusing finger at her for failing to satisfy traditional expectations when she is genuinely trying to meet the challenges presented by life in towns.
The myth that a woman's place is exclusively in the kitchen is a widespread one the world over. A more negative myth found in Africa is that participation of women in public affairs leads to social disaster. The third chapter of this study examines the role of African women in politics in the traditional and contemporary periods.
The fourth chapter discusses the portrayal of women by major male playwrights. Of great significance in this analysis is the attitude of these male writers towards women and also towards issues affecting women. It is for this reason that cross-references are made between these male writers and the female playwrights examined in Chapter 5.
Very negligible research has been done on drama by African women. It is in recognition of this unfortunate situation that the fifth and last chapter of this thesis is dedicated to women's self-perception as reflected in their portrayal of fellow-women in theatre. This chapter examines only major female playwrights; the minor female playwrights
are examined alongside the male in the appropriate areas in Chapters 1 to 3
- …
