177,177 research outputs found
Skills Labs - High quality e-practicals Water Management with EMERGO
Get PDFNadolski, R. J., & Kurvers, H. (2009). Skills Labs - High quality e-practicals Water Management with EMERGO. Presentation of the project Skills Labs for members of the Learning Media Programme. May, 28, 2009, Heerlen, The Netherlands: Open University of the Netherlands.Presentation of the project Skills Labs for members of the Learning Media Programme.The project Skills Labs is funded by Stichting SURF, The Netherlands
Swift Development of Immersive Learning Scenarios
No full textNadolski, R. J., & Kurvers, H. J. (2010, 23 March). Swift Development of Immersive Learning Scenarios. Presentation during a workshop with Sector5, Heerlen, The Netherlands: Open University of the Netherlands; iCoper.Presentation about Immersive Learning during a workshop with Sector5.
This presentation served as introduction to this topic and towards the hands-on experience with CSI Heerlen (EMERGO showcase) by workshop participants. Finally, this presentation accompanied debriefing after the hands-on experience.iCope
Skills Labs: Hoogwaardige e-practica Water Management met EMERGO
No full textNadolski, R. J., Hummel, H. G. K., Slootmaker, A., & Kurvers, H. (2010, 27 May). Skills Labs: Hoogwaardige e-practica Water Management met EMERGO. Presentatie tijdens de bijeenkomst: Surfen door Zeeland: e-learning delta innovaties, Vlissingen, Nederland. SURFFoundation.Inleiding tijdens de perspresentatie in Vlissingen van het project Skills Labs tijdens de bijeenkomst: Surfen door Zeeland: e-learning delta innovaties.SURFFoundatio
Skills Labs - Deliverable 3.1: Workshops scholing EMERGO-methodiek (3.1a) en toolkit (3.1b)
Get PDFNadolski, R. J., Hummel, H. G. K, Slootmaker, A., & Kurvers, H. (2009). Skills Labs - Deliverable 3.1: Workshops scholing EMERGO-methodiek (3.1a) en toolkit (3.1b). SURFFoundation.Deze Deliverable 3.1 beschrijft globaal de workshops die in het project Skills Labs voor de casusontwikkelaars (docenten) door WP3 (Professionalisering en Support) worden aangeboden. De workshops zijn gericht op het leren werken met de EMERGO-methodiek en de EMERGO-toolkit die bij een aantal fasen binnen deze methodiek worden gebruikt door de casusontwikkelaars.Surf foundation. The Netherlands
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Detection accuracy of collective intelligence assessments for skin cancer diagnosis
No full textIMPORTANCE:
Incidence rates of skin cancer are increasing globally, and the correct classification of skin lesions (SLs) into benign and malignant tissue remains a continuous challenge. A collective intelligence approach to skin cancer detection may improve accuracy.
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the performance of 2 well-known collective intelligence rules (majority rule and quorum rule) that combine the independent conclusions of multiple decision makers into a single decision.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
Evaluations were obtained from 2 large and independent data sets. The first data set consisted of 40 experienced dermoscopists, each of whom independently evaluated 108 images of SLs during the Consensus Net Meeting of 2000. The second data set consisted of 82 medical professionals with varying degrees of dermatology experience, each of whom evaluated a minimum of 110 SLs. All SLs were evaluated via the Internet. Image selection of SLs was based on high image quality and the presence of histopathologic information. Data were collected from July through October 2000 for study 1 and from February 2003 through January 2004 for study 2 and evaluated from January 5 through August 7, 2015.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
For both collective intelligence rules, we determined the true-positive rate (ie, the hit rate or specificity) and the false-positive rate (ie, the false-alarm rate or 1 - sensitivity) and compared these rates with the performance of single decision makers. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of group size on true- and false-positive rates.
RESULTS:
One hundred twenty-two medical professionals performed 16 029 evaluations. Use of either collective intelligence rule consistently outperformed single decision makers. The groups achieved an increased true-positive rate and a decreased false-positive rate. For example, individual decision makers in study 1, using the pattern analysis as diagnostic algorithm, achieved a true-positive rate of 0.83 and a false-positive rate of 0.17. Groups of 3 individuals achieved a true-positive rate of 0.91 and a false-positive rate of 0.14. These improvements increased with increasing group size.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
Collective intelligence might be a viable approach to increase diagnostic accuracy in skin cancer and reduce skin cancer-related mortality
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
Get PDFBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Season-specific carryover of early life associations in a monogamous bird species
No full textSocial relationships can have important fitness consequences. Although there is increasing evidence that social relationships carry over across contexts, few studies have investigated whether relationships formed early in life are carried over to adulthood. For example, juveniles of monogamous species go through a major life history stage transition, pair formation, during which the pair bond becomes a central unit of the social organization. At present, it remains unclear whether pair members retain their early life relationships after pair formation. We investigated whether same-sex associations formed early in life carry over into adulthood and whether carryover was dependent on season, in a monogamous species. We also investigated the role of familiarity, genetic relatedness and aggression on the perseverance of social associations. We studied the social structure before and after pair formation in captive barnacle geese, Branta leucopsis, a highly social, long-lived, monogamous species. We constructed association networks of groups of geese before pair formation, during the subsequent breeding season and in the following wintering season. Next, we studied how these associations carried over during seasonal changes. We found that early life associations in females were lost during the breeding season but resurfaced during the subsequent wintering season. In males, the early life associations persisted across both seasons. Association persistence was not mediated by genetic relatedness or familiarity. The high level of aggressiveness of males, but not females, in the breeding season suggests that males may have played a key role in shaping both their own social environment and that of their partners. We show that early life social relationships can be maintained well into later life. Such relationships can be sustained even if they are temporarily disrupted, for example due to reproductive behaviour. Our findings therefore highlight that the early life social environment can have lifelong consequences for individuals’ social environment.</p
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