1,721,123 research outputs found
Demographical properties of West Turkistan
No full textAfter 1990, fifteen states gained their independence from the former Soviet Union. The Central Asian countries which include Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan were among those states. These five countries cover an area of 4 million square kilometer and have a population of 60 million. The population of West Turkistan was 49.4 million according to the last census statistics during the former Soviet Union period in 1989. This number has risen up to 59.3 million according the latest census in 2005. During the same period, the population of Russian federation decreased from 147 million to 143.4 million and the population in Ukraine declined from 51.7 million to 47.4 million. In the last fifteen years not only the population increased but also the demography changed in West Turkistan. While the population rate of Turks and Muslim ethnic minorities increased the Orthodox Christians and Slavic (Russian, Ukrainian etc.) population rate has decreased. The main cause is the birth rate and the migrations to Russian federation. In this study, these five countries in West Turkistan have been investigated in details in terms of population, population density, age and gender properties, birth rate, population growth rate, rural and urban population, migrations, language, religion and ethnic structures in population growth effect between the years 1989-2005. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of The 2nd International Geography Symposium-Mediterranean Environmen
Contribution of concrete cultural constituents to the tourism potential of Safranbolu
No full textSafranbolu is one of the richest towns in Turkey in terms of culture and history. It has a wide range of historical and cultural background. Safranbolu had been under the influence of Hellenistic period, Byzantium and Ottoman civilizations according to the explorations in the region. Among the properties of Safranbolu there are Safranbolu Houses, mosques, tombs, dervish lodges, inns, baths, bridges, fountains and libraries that can be considered valuable in terms of tourism potential. Safranbolu houses reflect the history, culture, economy and ways of living in the 18th and 19th centuries. Houses built in and around the valleys also reflect the geographical and environmental features of Safranbolu. Those houses and building have their own designs. Tas Minare Mosque, Koprulu Mehmet Pasa Mosque, Hidayetullah Mosque and Dagdelen Mosques are some of the historical ones that reflect the culture of their time. There are tombs which were built in the 19th century. Haci Emin Efendi Tomb, Hasan Baba Tomb, Seyh Mustafa Efendi Tomb are among them. It is possible to mention about two major dervish lodges one of which is Kalealti Lodge and the other is Ali Baba Lodge. Among the baths there are two significant ones; one of them is the old bath and the other is the new bath reflecting 14th century. Bridges and fountains are other cultural constituents in which have contributions to the tourism potential. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of The 2nd International Geography Symposium-Mediterranean Environmen
Resilience and limitations of MFC anodic community when exposed to antibacterial agents
Full text linkThis study evaluates the fate of certain bactericidal agents introduced into microbial fuel cell (MFC) cascades and the response of the microbial community. We tested the response of functioning urine fed MFC cascades using two very different bactericidal agents: a common antibiotic (Ampicillin, 5 g/L) and a disinfectant (Chloroxylenol 4.8 g/L) in concentrations of up to 100 times higher than the usual dose. Results of power generation showed that the established bacteria community was able to withstand high concentrations of ampicillin with good recovery after 24 h of minor decline. However, power generation was adversely affected by the introduction of chloroxylenol, resulting in a 99% loss of power generation. Ampicillin was completely degraded within the MFC cascade (>99.99%), while chloroxylenol remained largely unaffected. Analysis of the microbial community before the addition of the bactericidal agents showed a significant bacterial diversity with at least 35 genera detected within the cascade. Microbial community analysis after ampicillin treatment showed the loss of a small number of bacterial communities and proportional fluctuations of specific strains within the individual MFCs community. On the other hand, there was a significant shift in the bacterial community after chloroxylenol treatment coupled with the loss of at least 13 bacterial genera across the cascade
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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