1,721,079 research outputs found
Analysis, Design, and Control of Predictable Interconnected Systems
Full text linkWe call “Interconnected Systems” any collection of systems distributed over a metric space whose
behavior is influenced by its neighborhood. Examples of interconnected systems exist at very
different scales: different cores over the same silicon, different sub-systems in vehicles, communicating nodes over either a physical (e.g., optical) network, or — more recently — virtualized
network. Examples also exist in contexts which are not related to computing or communication.
Smart Grids (of energy production, distribution, and consumption) and Intelligent Transportation Systems are just two notable examples. The common characteristic among all these examples
is the presence of a spatially distributed demand of resources (energy, computing, communication
bandwidth, etc.) which needs to be matched with a spatially distributed supply. Often times
demands and availability of resources of different types (e.g., computing and link bandwidth in
virtualized network environments) need to be matched simultaneously.
Time predictability is a key requirement for above systems. Despite this, the strong market pressure has often led to “quick and dirty” best-effort solutions, which make it extremely
challenging to predict the behavior of such systems.
Research communities have developed formal theories for predictability which are specialized
to each application domain or type of resource (e.g., schedulability analysis for real-time systems
or network calculus for communication systems). However, the emerging application domains
(virtualized networks, cyber-physical systems, etc.) clearly require a unified, holistic approach.
By leveraging the expertise, vision and interactions of scientists that have addressed predictability
in different areas, the proposed seminar aims at constructing a common ground for the theory
supporting the analysis, the design, and the control of predictable interconnected system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
A Measurement-Based Model for Parallel Real-Time Tasks
Full text linkUnder the federated paradigm of multiprocessor scheduling, a set of processors is reserved for the exclusive use of each real-time task. If tasks are characterized very conservatively (as is typical in safety-critical systems), it is likely that most invocations of the task will have computational demand far below the worst-case characterization, and could have been scheduled correctly upon far fewer processors than were assigned to it assuming the worst-case characterization of its run-time behavior. Provided we could safely determine during run-time when all the processors are going to be needed, for the rest of the time the unneeded processors could be idled in low-energy "sleep" mode, or used for executing non-real time work in the background. In this paper we propose a model for representing parallelizable real-time tasks in a manner that permits us to do so. Our model does not require us to have fine-grained knowledge of the internal structure of the code represented by the task; rather, it characterizes each task by a few parameters that are obtained by repeatedly executing the code under different conditions and measuring the run-times
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Intractability Issues in Mixed-Criticality Scheduling
Full text linkIn seeking to develop mixed-criticality scheduling algorithms, one encounters challenges arising from two sources. First, mixed-criticality scheduling is an inherently an on-line problem in that scheduling decisions must be made without access to all the information that is needed to make such decisions optimally - such information is only revealed over time. Second, many fundamental mixed-criticality schedulability analysis problems are computationally intractable - NP-hard in the strong sense - but we desire to solve these problems using algorithms with polynomial or pseudo-polynomial running time. While these two aspects of intractability are traditionally studied separately in the theoretical computer science literature, they have been considered in an integrated fashion in mixed-criticality scheduling theory. In this work we seek to separate out the effects of being inherently on-line, and being computationally intractable, on the overall intractability of mixed-criticality scheduling problems. Speedup factor is widely used as quantitative metric of the effectiveness of mixed-criticality scheduling algorithms; there has recently been a bit of a debate regarding the appropriateness of doing so. We provide here some additional perspective on this matter: we seek to better understand its appropriateness as well as its limitations in this regard by examining separately how the on-line nature of some mixed-criticality problems, and their computational complexity, contribute to the speedup factors of two widely-studied mixed-criticality scheduling algorithms
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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