1,720,975 research outputs found
Modelling the computerised clinical consultations : a multi-channel video study
Full text linkThis study aims to understand the use of a computer during GP consultations and to enable the development of EPR systems which are easier to review, enter data into, use to take action, and is more sensitive to the clinical context.
This thesis reports the development of a multi-channel video and data capture toolkit, the ALFA (Activity Log File Aggregation) because existing observation techniques have limitations. None of the existing tools are designed to assess human-computer interaction in the context of the clinical consultation, where the social interaction is the prime focus. The ALFA tool-kit has been used to observe and study 163 live primary care consultations supported by computer systems with four different designs. A detailed analysis of consultation interactions was then performed focusing on doctor-patient communication and the integration of the computer into the consultation workflow. The data collection elements of the ALFA supported recording of consultation activities by providing rating techniques attuned with the characteristics of those interactions. The Log File Aggregation (LFA) component of the ALFA toolkit aggregated those multitudes of data files into a single navigable output that can be studied both quantitatively and qualitatively. A set of Unified Modelling Language (UML) sequence diagrams were then created as they could be used by software engineers to develop better systems.
This research proposes a framework with three elements to analyse the computerised clinical consultation; (1) the overview of the context within which the consultation was carried out, (2) time taken to perform key consultation tasks and (3) the process used. Traditional analysis with its emphasis on the technology often misses crucial features of the complex work environments in which the technology is implemented. Direct observation could inform software designers in developing systems that are more readily integrated into clinical workflow. Direct observation of the consultation, using the ALFA toolkit is acceptable to patients; captures the context of the consultation the precise timing and duration of key tasks; and produces an output a software engineer can understand. ALFA offers a range of possibilities for research in the consulting room. The computer should be considered as an active element of the consultation; room layout and consultation models should let the computer in, while software engineers take in the capacity to sustain patient centred social interactions as a core facet of their design agenda
Systematic and personalised approaches to managing CVS risk in the primary care consultation: a multi-camera video assessment
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Semantic interoperability of large complex health datasets requires an ontological approach : a mixed method study.
Full text linkThe 'connected world' forces us to think about 'interoperability' as a primary requirement when building health care databases in the present day. Whilst semantic interoperability has made a major contribution to data utilisation between systems it often has not been able to integrate some large heterogeneous datasets required for research. As health data gets 'bigger' and complex, we are required to shift to rapid and flexible ways of resolving problems related to semantic interoperability. Ontological approaches accelerate implementing interoperability due to the availability of robust tools and technology frameworks that promote reuse. This thesis reports the results of a mixed methods study that proposes a pragmatic methodology that maximises the use of ontologies across a multilayered research readiness model which can be used in data-driven health care research projects. The research examined evidence for the use of ontologies across a majority of layers in the reference model. The first part of the thesis examines the methods used for assessing readiness to participate in research across six dimensions of health care. It reports on existing ontological elements that boosts research readiness and also proposes ontological extensions for modelling the semantics of data sources and research study requirements. The second part of the thesis presents an ontology toolkit that supports rapid development of ontologies that can be used in health care research projects. It provides details of how an ontology toolkit for creating health care ontologies was developed through the consensus of a panel of informatics experts and clinicians. This toolkit evolved further to include a series of ontological building blocks that assist clinicians to rapidly build ontologies
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Semantic interoperability of large complex health datasets requires an ontological approach : a mixed method study.
No full textThe 'connected world' forces us to think about 'interoperability' as a primary requirement when building health care databases in the present day. Whilst semantic interoperability has made a major contribution to data utilisation between systems it often has not been able to integrate some large heterogeneous datasets required for research. As health data gets 'bigger' and complex, we are required to shift to rapid and flexible ways of resolving problems related to semantic interoperability. Ontological approaches accelerate implementing interoperability due to the availability of robust tools and technology frameworks that promote reuse. This thesis reports the results of a mixed methods study that proposes a pragmatic methodology that maximises the use of ontologies across a multilayered research readiness model which can be used in data-driven health care research projects. The research examined evidence for the use of ontologies across a majority of layers in the reference model. The first part of the thesis examines the methods used for assessing readiness to participate in research across six dimensions of health care. It reports on existing ontological elements that boosts research readiness and also proposes ontological extensions for modelling the semantics of data sources and research study requirements. The second part of the thesis presents an ontology toolkit that supports rapid development of ontologies that can be used in health care research projects. It provides details of how an ontology toolkit for creating health care ontologies was developed through the consensus of a panel of informatics experts and clinicians. This toolkit evolved further to include a series of ontological building blocks that assist clinicians to rapidly build ontologies
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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