88,663 research outputs found
Panus bambusinus N. Vinjusha & T. K. A. Kumar 2022, comb. nov.
No full textPanus bambusinus (T.K.A. Kumar & Manim.) N. Vinjusha & T.K.A. Kumar comb. nov. MycoBank No: MB 842791 Basionym:— Lentinus bambusinus T.K.A. Kumar & Manim., in Mycotaxon 92: 119 (2005) The species is characterized by graminicolous basidiomata, a dimitic hyphal system, with sparsely branched skeletal hyphae, presence of refractive gloeocystidia, ellipsoid to ovoid basidiospores, and absence of hyphal pegs and skeleto ligative hyphae (Kumar & Manimohan 2005; Vinjusha & Kumar 2021).Published as part of Kumar, T. K. Arun, 2022, Validation of Panus bambusinus and P. roseus (Panaceae, Polyporales), pp. 235-236 in Phytotaxa 533 (4) on page 235, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.533.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/609165
Panus bambusinus N. Vinjusha & T. K. A. Kumar, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Panus bambusinus</i> (T.K.A. Kumar & Manim.) N. Vinjusha & T.K.A. Kumar <i>comb. nov.</i> <p> Basionym:— <i>Lentinus bambusinus</i> T.K.A. Kumar & Manim., Mycotaxon 92: 119 (2005) (Fig. 1)</p> <p> Description: <i>—Basidiomata</i> annual, small to large, solitary or caespitose, centrally stipitate. <i>Pileus</i> 15‒200 mm diam, weakly depressed in the centre or infundibuliform, concentric zone absent, squamulose when young, almost glabrous with age, wrinkled in dried specimens, yellowish brown to light brown, margin entire, dentate or irregularly lobed. <i>Hymenophore</i> lamellate. Lamellae close, decurrent, sometimes dichotomously branched, edge finely fimbriate under a 10×lens, lamellulae present in 3‒4 tiers, yellowish white. <i>Context</i> up to 6 mm thick, white. <i>Stipe</i> 40‒100 mm long, 5‒25 mm thick, central, cylindrical, even in younger specimens, tapering towards the base in older specimens, surface glabrous to matted fibrillose or strigose, sometimes with sparse and scattered squamules, yellowish white to brown, tissue solid, cream. <i>Odour</i> not distinct. <i>Spore print</i> not observed.</p> <p> <i>Basidiospores</i> 5–6.5 × 4–4.5 μm, Q=1.3–1.7, Q m =1.32, ellipsoid to ovoid, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, with refractive guttules, inamyloid in Melzer’s reagent. <i>Basidia</i> 20‒37 × 5‒7 μm, clavate, 4 sterigmate. <i>Cheilocystidia</i> present, 22‒68 × 3‒5 μm, versiform, generally flexuose, branched towards apex, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled with obtuse tips. <i>Gloeocystidia</i> frequent on edges and sides of lamellae, 24‒48 × 6‒15 μm, mostly fusoid with acuminate tips, or narrowly clavate, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled. <i>Hyphal pegs</i> absent. <i>Hymenial trama</i> radially arranged, and dimitic. Generative hyphae 2‒6 μm wide, hyaline, smooth, thin to slightly thick-walled (up to 1 μm), branched, with clamp connections. Skeletal hyphae dominant, 2‒4 μm wide, hyaline, thick-walled (1 μm), mostly unbranched, rarely branched, septations not observed. Skeleto ligative hyphae not observed. <i>Pileal trama</i> radially arranged. Generative hyphae 2‒6 μm wide, rarely inflated up to 10 µm, hyaline, smooth, thin to slightly thick-walled (up to 1 μm), branched, with clamp connections. Skeletal hyphae dominant, 2‒6 μm wide, hyaline, thick-walled (1 μm), mostly unbranched, rarely branched, septations not observed. Skeleto ligative hyphae not observed. <i>Pileipellis</i> with scattered trichodermial patches, up to 100 μm long, made of hyphae that are 2‒4 μm wide, hyaline, thin to slightly thick-walled (up to 1 µm), with obtuse ends. <i>Stipe trama</i> interwoven. Generative hyphae 2‒5 μm wide, hyaline, smooth, thin to slightly thickwalled (up to 1 μm), branched, with clamp connections. Skeletal hyphae 2‒5 μm wide, hyaline, thick-walled (1 μm), mostly unbranched, rarely branched, septations not observed. <i>Stipitipellis</i> similar as pileipellis, made of hyphae that are 2‒4 μm wide, hyaline, mostly thin-walled, with obtuse ends.</p> <p> Specimens examined:— INDIA. Kerala State: Malappuram district, Thenjipalam, Calicut University Campus, Alt. 2 m, 1.1339° N, 75.8940° E, on dead roots and rhizomes of <i>Bambusa bambos</i>, 2 July 2004, <i>Arun Kumar AK61</i> <i>a;</i> 5 July 2004, <i>Arun Kumar AK61</i> <i>b</i> (part of the holotype deposited at L); 18 October 2004, <i>Arun Kumar AK61</i> <i>c</i>; 20 October 2004, <i>Arun Kumar AK61</i> <i>d</i>; 26 October 2004, <i>Arun Kumar AK61</i> <i>e</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Arun Kumar, T. K., 2021, Two new combinations in the genus Panus (Panaceae, Polyporales) based on morphology and molecular phylogeny, pp. 287-294 in Phytotaxa 514 (3)</i> on page 289, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.514.3.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5316276">http://zenodo.org/record/5316276</a>
Panus roseus N. Vinjusha & T. K. A. Kumar 2022, comb. nov.
No full textPanus roseus (Karun., K.D. Hyde & Zhu L. Yang) N. Vinjusha & T.K.A. Kumar comb. nov. MycoBank No: MB 842792 Basionym:— Lentinus roseus Karunarathna, K.D. Hyde & Zhu L. Yang, in Karunarathna, Yang, Zhao, Vellinga, Bahkali, Chukeatirote & Hyde, Mycol. Progr. 10 (4): 392 (2011) Panus roseus is characterized by a relatively small basidiome, with coriaceous, deeply cyathiform, pink-coloured pileus, dimitic hyphal system, with thick-walled unbranched skeletal hyphae, presence of clavate, cheilocystidia and metuloids, and ellipsoid to elongate basidiospores (Karunarathna et al. 2011).Published as part of Kumar, T. K. Arun, 2022, Validation of Panus bambusinus and P. roseus (Panaceae, Polyporales), pp. 235-236 in Phytotaxa 533 (4) on page 235, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.533.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/609165
Bibliographics for the 983 eprints in the live archives of E-LIS : trends and status report up to 7th July 2004, based on author-self-archiving metadata
No full textThe priority for ideas and philosophy related to "Network Theory" have been traced back and documented by Braun(2004),and credit goes to Karinthy(1929).The IT has empowered to realise it, as the most practical phenomena and it is no more a humour. The OAI (Open Archives Initiatives)and ACIS (Academic Contributor Information System)are progressive in the direction ,which may lead to realise the "Collective Genius" at global level. Focus of present study is on Author-Self-Archiving (A-S-A)Metadata of the 983 Eprints in the Live Archives of the E-LIS (EPrints of Library and Information Science),which were approved till 7th July 2004.The A-S-A Metadata was used for librametric analysis. Self-explanatory bibliographics are illustrated.The highlights include: Conference papers (34%); highest approval, June 2004 (28%); published archives (76%);not refereed (52%); not in public domain (60%); highest self-archiving-author (De Robbio, Antonella).The Nos. of EPrints having single JITA domain specifications were: Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information(27); Information use and sociology of information(80);Users,literacy and reading(13);Libraries as physical collections(30);Publishing and legal issues(57);Management(13);Industry, profession and education(36);Information sources, supports, channels(113) ; Information treatment for information services, Information functions and techniques (101); Technical services libraries, archives and museums(25); Housing technologies(1); Information technology and library technology(92); and Inter-domainery (395) i.e. having specifications of two or more than two JITA classes
Tremella poilkavensis A. Thomas & T. K. A. Kumar
No full text<i>Tremella poilkavensis</i> A. Thomas & T.K.A. Kumar Fig.1: A–P. <p>MycoBank: 847007</p> <p>Etymology:—Refers to the collection locality, Poilkave sacred grove.</p> <p> Diagnosis:— <i>T. poilkavensis</i> differs from other <i>Tremella</i> species by their medium-sized, amber brown to blackish brown basidiocarp, pyriform to capitate basidia, ellipsoid, subcylindrical, subglobose or amygdaliform basidiospores, conidiospores budding off from basidia, growth on ascomata of <i>Biscogniauxia</i> species and presence of host hyphae within the basidiocarp.</p> <p> Holotype:— INDIA. Kerala State, Kozhikode District, Poilkave sacred grove, on ascomata of a <i>Biscogniauxia</i> sp. growing on dead and decaying wood, 14 July 2021, Anjitha Thomas, ZGCAT243.</p> <p>Basidiocarp medium-sized, 55–75 × 7–26 mm, gelatinous to cartilaginous, cerebriform, hollow, sessile, broadly attached to the substratum, amber brown to blackish brown when fresh, turning more blackish when dry. Spore print pale yellow.</p> <p>Hymenium pale yellow to brownish yellow in water, dikaryophyses absent. Basidia 19–31 × 9–13.3 µm (including stalk), pyriform to capitate, four-celled, oblique or longitudinally septate, cruciate, thick-walled, guttulate, pale yellow to brownish yellow, with basal clamp connection. Stalk of basidia 5–21 × 2.5–4.5 µm. Sterigma 21–38 × 2–3 µm. Basidia budding off subglobose to ellipsoid conidiospores. Basidiospores 6–9.8 × 4–6.2 µm (Q=1.06–1.8 µm, Qm=1.43 µm), ellipsoid, subcylindrical, subglobose or amygdaliform, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, apiculate, guttulate. Direct germination, secondary spore production and microconidia formation observed. Microconidia 2–3 × 1.5–2 µm, subglobose to ellipsoid. Terminal swollen cells present within the trama, 7.7–13.3 × 4–7.6 µm, broadly fusiform, ellipsoid, lemoniform, oblong, capitate or clavate in shape, sometimes with 1–3 × 1–1.53 µm apical protuberances. Tramal hyphae mixed with host hyphae, 2–4 µm wide, thick-walled, branched, smooth, guttulate, with clamp connections. Haustoria abundantly present throughout the trama, frequently branching, with basal clampconnection, often attached to the host hyphae.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined:— INDIA. Kerala State, Kozhikode District, Poilkave sacred grove, on ascomata of an unknown host on dead and decaying wood log, 29 August 2018, Anjitha Thomas ZGCAT14.</p>Published as part of <i>Thomas, Anjitha & Kumar, T. K. Arun, 2023, A new species of Tremella from India, pp. 35-42 in Phytotaxa 600 (1)</i> on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.600.1.5, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8054160">http://zenodo.org/record/8054160</a>
Wikis: Tool for Altering Tacit Knowledge Explicit
No full textThe paper presentsives an overview of the concept and dimensions of knowledge and its management in libraries using ICT based systems. Explores how Wikis can be used in libraries to commute the implicit knowledge explicit among the professionals and the users. Discusses in detail the scope of Wikis implementation in libraries. Explains the relative advantage and weakness of Wikis as a knowledge management tool in libraries
Chamaeanthus canhii Vuong & Kumar, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Chamaeanthus canhii</i> (Aver.) Vuong & Kumar <i>comb. nov.</i> <p> Basionym: <i>Biermannia canhii</i> Averyanov, Taiwania 63: 123 (2018); Type:— VIETNAM. ex-cult., s.loc., 18 October 2017, N. V. Canh, L. Averyanov, T. Maisak, AL 323 a (holotype – LE!).</p>Published as part of <i>Pham, P. D., Kumar, P., Dang, V. S., Nguyen, D. H., Bui, V. H., Tu, B. N., Dang, M. Q. & Truong, B. V., 2021, Pham et al. (2021) Notes on the genus Chamaeanthus (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Vandeae, Aeridinae) with a new species from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 524 (2): 131 - 134., pp. 70 in Phytotaxa 528 (1)</i> on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.528.1.10, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5770125">http://zenodo.org/record/5770125</a>
Tiphia (Tiphia) bijui Hanima & Girish Kumar 2022, sp. nov.
No full text1. Tiphia (Tiphia) bijui Hanima & Girish Kumar sp. nov. (Figs 1–10) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2B96FC47-2E76-46B1-B4AB-6057A4881788 Type material. Holotype, ♀, INDIA: Kerala, Kozhikode district, Sarovaram Biopark (11°16′6.96″N & 75°47′33.72″E, 6 m), 25.x.2019, Coll. K.P. Hanima Raveendran & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/ INV.18387. Paratypes: 8♀, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18388–18395, same collection locality as that of holotype. 1♀, Goa, North Goa district, Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary (15°26′23″N & 74°06′33″E, 196 m), 16.v.2018, Coll. P. Girish Kumar & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18440. 1♀, Karnataka, Chikmagalur district, Bygoor, Kabbinhalli Coffee Estate (13°19′34″N & 75°42′40″E, 1137 m), 26.xii.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18472; 6♀, Kodagu district, Bettathur (12°24′29″N & 75°39′40″E, 1194 m), 23.xii.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18460–18465; 4♀, Kodagu district, Bettathur near Madikeri (12°51′24.516″N & 77°51′20.952″E), 24.xii.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18466–18469; 4♀, Shimoga district, Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary, Hulikal FRH (13°43′45″N & 75°01′08″E, 579 m), 5.ix.2021, 6.ix.2021, Coll. V. D. Hegde & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.19328 & 19329, 19147 & 19148; 2♀, Shimoga district, Agumbe (13°30′14″N & 75°05′18″E, 681 m), 27.xii.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18470 & 18471; 1♀, Shimoga district, Hosagadde, near Kudajadri (13°51′45″N & 74°52′0″E, 1130 m), 29.xii.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18473; 1♀, Shimoga district, Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary, Yadooru (16°34′31″N & 74°39′31″E, 537 m), 6.ix.2021, Coll. V. D. Hegde & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.19149; 1♀, Shimoga district, Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary, Udupi district, Beedikeri (14°15′13″N & 74°26′43″E, 4 m), 2.ix.2021, Coll. V. D.Hegde & Party, (ZSIK) Regd.No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.19150. 2♀, Kerala, Idukki district, Chinnar, Kootaram (10°18′22″N & 77°12′24″E, 596 m), 28.xi.2018, Coll. M. Jafer Palot & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18410 & 18411; 1♀, Idukki district, Kulamavu (9°47′31.2″N & 76°53′11.4″E, 724 m), 24.vi.2019, Coll. Tessy Rajan, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18428; 1♀, Kannur district, Kannapuram (11°58′04″N & 75°19′08″E, 7 m), 3.iii.2019, Coll. C. Charesh, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC / IR/INV.18419; 1♀, Kannur district, Keezhara (12°00′11″N & 75°19′44″E, 4 m), 2.iii.2016, Coll. K.M. Rajesh, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18424; 1♀, Kottayam district, Pala, Cherpunkal (9°41′05″N & 76°38′18″E, 22 m), 26.xii.2019, Coll. Tessy Rajan, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18429; 1♀, Kottayam district, Pala, Paika, Urulikunnam (9°38′37″N & 76°42′37″E, 52 m), 20.i.2021, Coll. Tessy Rajan, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC / IR/INV.18430; 3♀, Kozhikode district, Kakkadampoyil (11°20′10″N & 76°06′36″N, 672 m), 24.v.2019, Coll. P.M. Sureshan & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18400–18402; 4♀, Kozhikode district, Vilakottur (11°45′22″N & 75°39′06″E, 34m), 3.vi.2021, Coll. K.P. Hanima Raveendran, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/ INV.18412–18415; 1♀, Kozhikode district, Nanminda (11°25′15″N & 75°49′53″E, 46 m), 16.x.2017, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18416; 1♀, Kozhikode district, East Hill (11°17′22″N & 75°46′25″E, 16 m), 25.iii.2015, Coll. P.M. Sureshan, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18417; 1♀, Kozhikode district, Kakkavayal (11°38′48″N & 76°08′26″E, 778 m), 19.xi.2018, Coll. A. P. Ranjith, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/ INV.18418; 1♀, Kozhikode district, Kovoor (11°16′14.16″N & 75°49′52.32″E, 31 m), 19.xii.2018, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18422; 1♀, Kozhikode district, Chengottukaavu (11°25′20.64″N & 11°25′20.64″N, 17 m), 30.iv.2019, Coll. C. Binoy, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18423; 1♀, Kozhikode district, Edakkara (11°21′ 41.4″N & 76°35′24.72″E), 17.v.2019, Coll. K.P. Hanima Raveendran, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.19327; 1♀, Kozhikode district, Kakkadampoyil (11°20′10″N & 76°06′36″N, 672 m), 4.i.2022, Coll. V. D. Hegde & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.20034; 1♀, Kozhikode district, Madappally (11°38′48″N & 75°34′13″E, 28 m), 7.ii.2020, Coll. S. Anagha, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18425; 2♀, Kozhikode district, Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kakkayam (11°33′27″N & 75°54′41″E, 543 m), 11.iii.2019, Coll. S. Anagha, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18403 & 18404; 1♀, Kozhikode district, Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kakkayam dam site (11°33′27″N & 75°54′41″E, 543 m), 10.i.2021, Coll. Tessy Rajan, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18431; 1♀, Kozhikode district, Purameri (11°40′18″N & 75°37′46″E, 33 m), 22.iv.2019, Coll. K.P. Hanima Raveendran, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18432; 4♀, Kozhikode district, Purameri (11°40′18″N & 75°37′46″E, 33 m), 24.x.2020, 25.x.2020, 15.xii.2020, 04.iv.2021, Coll. K.P. Hanima Raveendran, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18433–18436; 1♀, Malappuram district, Kerala Forest Research Iinsitute Campus, Nilambur (11°18′0.36″N & 76°15′1.44″E, 48 m), 29.ii.2020, Coll. Tessy Rajan & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18427; 2♀, Pathanamthitta district, Kochupampa, Goodrical range (9°15′53.12″N & 76°47′13.34″E, 1036 m), 1.xi.2021, Coll. P.M. Sureshan & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.19370 & 19371; 4♀, Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala University (8°30′11.52″N & 76°56′50.28″E, 34 m), 28.ix.2019, Coll. K.P. Hanima Raveendran & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18396–18399; 2♀, Thiruvananthapuram district, Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kothiram (8°39′45″N & 77°09′00″E, 125 m), 17.i.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18405 & 18406; 1♀, Thiruvananthapuram district, Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kaalippara, near temple side (8°31′35″N & 77°08′32″E, 168 m), 17.i.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.20433; 1♀, Thiruvananthapuram district, Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary, Pattankulichapara (8°37′22″N & 77°08′07″E, 135 m), 20.i.2019, Coll. P.Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18407; 1♀, Thiruvananthapuram district, Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Ponmudi (8°46′32″N & 77°13′39″E, 1268 m), 18.i.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18408; 1♀, Thiruvananthapuram district, Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary, Kanithadam (8°39′45″N & 77°09′00″E, 125 m), 19.i.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18409; 1♀, Wayanad district, Mangavayal (11°35′02″N & 76°05′35″E, 761 m), 19.x.2016, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18420; 1♀, Wayanad district, Muthanga (11°40′17″N & 76°22′06″E, 848 m), 28.ii.2021, Coll. K.A. Subramanian & Party (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18426; 1♀, Wayanad district, Machikudi (11°40′24″N & 76°17′21″N, 913 m), 18.ii.2021, Coll. K.A. Subramanian & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.19151. 14 ♀, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore district, Valparai (10°19′38″N & 76°57′15″E, 1086 m), 1.i.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18441–18454; 1♀, Coimbatore district, Anaikatti (11°06′16″N & 76°46′25″E, 621 m), 4.i.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/ INV.18457; 1♀, Coimbatore district, Kullanadimedu, near Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°25′23″N & 77°07′32″E, 1048 m), 2.i.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18459; 1♀, Nilgiris district, Ooty (11°24′51″N & 76°41′25″E, 2241 m), 8.i.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18455; 1♀, Nilgiris district, Coonoor (11°21′11″N & 76°47′45″E, 1835 m), 7.i.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18456; 1♀, Tenkasi district, Old Courtallam (10°59′58″N & 76°58′22″E, 414 m), 3.x.2018, Coll.P.Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd.No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18458; 3♀, Thirunelveli district, Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Kuthiravetti (8°41′18″N & 77°18′33″E, 228 m), 22.viii.2019, Coll. B.H.C.K. Murthy & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.20428–20430; 1♀, Thirunelveli district, Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Kuthiravetti (8°41′18″N & 77°18′33″E, 228 m), 23.viii.2019, Coll. B.H.C.K. Murthy & Party, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18474. 1♀, Uttarakhand, Dehradun district, ZSI Campus (30°20′46″N & 78°00′52″E, 682 m), 18.vii.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18437. 4♀, West Bengal, South-24 Parganas district, Sagar Island, Harinbari (21°44′30″N & 88°05′15″E, 6 m), 22.iv.2018, Coll. D. Gosh, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI / WGRC /IR/INV.18438–18439, 20431–20432. Diagnosis. Dorsal side of pronotum anteriorly with complete carina; lateral side of pronotum with distinct transdiscal groove; metanotum with less number of punctures; propodeal areola tricarinate; carina of propodeal areola margined by crenulations; Gs 2 without anterior transverse carina; hind basitarsus without groove; fore wings brown infumated. Description. Holotype, ♀. Body length 10.8 mm. Paratypes, ♀. Body length 6.5–11.2 mm. Colour. Black with the following parts as follows: lower part and outer margin of tegula yellowish brown (Fig. 9), mandible dark brown (Fig. 8). Head. Head with medium sized punctures concentrated adjacently in lower frontal area and sparsely on upper frontal area (Fig. 8); HW 1.56 × least distance between eyes; POD 2.4 × LOD and 0.73 × OOD; mandible without strong preapical denticle (Fig. 4); clypeus with its median extension nearly straight or very slightly emarginated, basal part of median extension of clypeus imbricate, half of apical part of median extension of clypeus with coarse and dense punctures, extreme apex smooth (Fig.4); scape, pedicel and first flagellomere shiny with punctures, second flagellomere with its apical small region smooth and shiny, other flagellomeres with thick setae (Fig.3); length of scape: pedicel: fu 1: fu 2: fu 3: fu 4: fu 5: fu 6: fu 7: fu 8: fu 9: fu 10 = 0.493: 0.197: 0.204: 0.208: 0.209: 0.209: 0.210: 0.211: 0.211: 0.211: 0.214: 0.388 (Fig. 3). Mesosoma. Dorsal side of pronotum anteriorly with carina, most of disc with punctures and posterior area with impunctate area (Fig. 9); lateral side of pronotum with distinct transdiscal groove across middle of disc, smooth with faint aciculations above groove and striations below the groove (Fig. 5); length of tegula 1.36 × as long as its middle width (Fig. 9); mesoscutum with its notauli not connected to anteriomedian escarpment, mesoscutum medially with closely placed punctures and sparse punctures in other areas (Fig. 9); scutellum with large punctures on posterior margin and small ones at basal part; metanotum with small, sparsely placed punctures (Fig. 9); dorsal side of propodeum entirely finely imbricate with small scattered punctures, strong submarginal carina on lateral side (Fig. 9); lateral carina of areola convex on basal portion and straight in apical portion, areolar carina with crenulations, length of areola 1.8 × basal width and 2.1 × apical width (Fig. 9); mesopleuron coriaceous punctate with setae; upper part of lateral side of propodeum with uniformely spaced rugulae and lower part smooth (Fig. 5); fore wing brownish infumate (Fig. 10); hind basitarsus without groove on inner surface. Length of mesosoma: 3.5 mm. Metasoma. All tergites with setigerous punctures, distribution of punctures less in Gt 1 compared to other remaining segments (Fig. 6); pygidium imbricate punctate on more than half of basal portion and smooth on apical part. Length of metasoma: 5.36 mm. Male. Unknown. Variations. In some specimens, metanotum with coarse deep punctures; carina of propodeal areola not margined by crenulations. Discussion. As per the key of Allen (1975), this new species comes close to Tiphia cinchonae Allen in the following features: lateral side of pronotum with a distinct transdiscal groove; dorsal side of propodeum with submarginal carina, hind basitarsus without groove, dorsal pronotum with complete transverse carina, not inflated hind tibia, Gs 2 without anterior transverse carina, and dorsal side of propodeum without longitudinal carina between areola and lateral margin but this new species differs from T. (T.) cinchonae in the following features: wings brown infumated (in T. (T.) cinchonae, wings yellowish hyaline); carina of propodeal areola margined by crenulations (in T. (T.) cinchonae, carina of propodeal areola not margined by crenulations); tegula brownish black (in T. (T.) cinchonae, tegula yellowish orange), and medium-sized (6.5–11.2 mm) species (T. (T.) cinchonae are small-sized (5.5–6 mm) species). Distribution. India: Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, West Bengal. Etymology. The species is named in honor of Mr. T. Biju (Forest watcher at Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kannur, Kerala and former GSDP student of WGRC, ZSI, Kozhikode), who is an expert field assistant and collected various Tiphia specimens for the present study.Published as part of Hanima, Raveendran K. P., Kumar, Girish & Hegde, Vishwanath D., 2022, Additions to the knowledge on the genus Tiphia Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Tiphiinae) from India with the description of ten new species, pp. 1-106 in Zootaxa 5204 (1) on pages 10-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5204.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/728519
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Trypan blue as a fluorochrome for confocal laser scanning microscopy of arbuscular mycorrhizae in three mangroves
No full textT. Kumar, A. Majumdar, P. Das, V. Sarafis, M. Ghos
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