568 research outputs found
Triterpene Derivatives from Abies spectabilis Leaves of Nepalese Origin
No full textOur ongoing studies of Nepalese medicinal plants has led to the isolation and characterization of five new triterpenes, two known triterpenes
and two phenolic derivatives from Abies spectabilis (D.Don) Mirb leaves grown in the high mountain. The structures of the isolated
compounds were characterized by means of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic and MS techniques
Institutional Vacuum in Sardar-Sarovar Project: Framing ‘Rules-of-the-Game’
No full textFew large irrigation projects in India have been as elaborately planned as the Sardar- Sarovar Project (SSP), incorporating as it did the lessons of decades of irrigation project design and management. The project was to blaze a new trail in farmer-participatory irrigation project design and management with water user associations (WUAs) building their own distribution systems. However, as it unfolds, the institutional reality of the project is seen to be vastly different from its plans. If SSP is to chart a different course from scores of earlier large irrigationprojects, it must invent and put into place new rules of the irrigation management game.Length: pp.95-106Irrigation programsRiver basinsGroundwater irrigationSurface irrigationWater users associationsWater allocation
GC–MS studies on degradation of copper phthalocyanine sheet polymer
No full textSynthetic metal phthalocyanine sheet polymer of copper showed exceptional thermal stability with maximum polymer decomposition temperature (PDTmax) 525°C in air and 760°C in nitrogen with char yield 91 at 800°C in nitrogen atmosphere. Because of its excellent thermal stability, MS and GC–MS studies found to be very difficult. The present work deals with GC–MS studies on this copper phthalocyanine sheet polymer at various temperatures in the range 500–1000°C. Tentative mechanisms for its modes of fragmentation are proposed and most probable degradation products are identified based on GC–MS studies
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No full textNot AvailableTHE AUTHOR EMPHASISES THAT WITH SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OF LAND AND WATER RESOURCES AND BY ADOPTION OF SUITABLE SOIL AND MOISTURE CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES ALONG WITH IMPROVED AGRONOMIC PRACTICE, CROP YIELDS CAN BE INCREASED APPRECIABLY IN RAINFED BLACK SOILS WHICH ARE BASICALLY POOR IN ORGANIC MATTER , NITROGEN AND PHOSPHOROUS CONTENT.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableTHE AUTHOR HIGHLIGHTS THE NEED AND USEFULNESS OF ADOPTION OF EFFECTIVE MOISTURE CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES SUCH AS IN-SITU CONSERVATION OF RAINFALL, WATER HARVESTING IN FARM PONDS , MULCHING AND THE EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF WATER FOR INCREASING CROP YIELDS IN BLACK SOIL, DRY AREAS IN KARNATAKA REGION. IMPROVED AGRONOMIC PRACTICE LIKE MULCHING , SEEDING TIME, SUPPLEMENTAL IRRIGATION ETC, HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED WITH THE SUPPORT OF DATA.Not Availabl
Study of Phospholipid/Graphene interfaces and the effect of substrate curvature on lipid morphology and dynamics.
No full textPhospholipids are an important class of lipids which are widely used as model platforms to study biological processes and interactions. They have been known to form stable interfaces with solid substrates like graphene, and these interfaces have potential applications in bio-sensing and targeted drug-delivery. In this paper, we perform molecular dynamics simulations of graphene supported lipid monolayers to characterize lipid properties in such interfaces. We observed substantial differences in lipid properties like tail order-parameter, density profile, diffusion rate, etc., between lipids in a supported monolayer and free-standing bilayer. Further, we studied these interfaces on sinusoidally deformed graphene substrates to understand the effect of curvature on the supported lipids. Here, we observed that the nature of substrate curvature—concave, convex or flat—can affect the lipid/substrate adhesion strength as well as induce structural and dynamical changes in the adsorbed lipid monolayer. Together, these results help characterize the properties of lipid/graphene interfaces, as well as understand the effect of substrate curvature on these interfaces, which can enable tuning of lipid properties for various sensor device and drug delivery applications.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2023-08-01The student, Mohan Teja Dronadula, accepted the attached license on 2021-07-21 at 14:29.The student, Mohan Teja Dronadula, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-07-21 at 14:57.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-07-22 at 16:43.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17054 on 2022-01-12 at 13:05:30Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-12T22:56:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2021-07-22Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 121276
Lift date: 2024-01-12T22:56:20Z
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Optimal scheduling of multiple chlorine sources in water distribution systems
No full textThe specified range of free chlorine residual (between minimum and maximum) in water distribution systems needs to be maintained to avoid deterioration of the microbial quality of water, control taste and/or odor problems, and hinder formation of carcino-genic disinfection by-products. Multiple water quality sources for providing chlorine input are needed to maintain the chlorine residuals within a specified range throughout the distribution system. The determination of source dosage (i.e., chlorine concentrations/chlorine mass rates) at water quality sources to satisfy the above objective under dynamic conditions is a complex process. A nonlinear optimization problem is formulated to determine the chlorine dosage at the water quality sources subjected to minimum and maximum constraints on chlorine concentrations at all monitoring nodes. A genetic algorithm (GA) approach in which decision variables (chlorine dosage) are coded as binary strings is used to solve this highly nonlinear optimization problem, with nonlinearities arising due to set-point sources and non-first-order reactions. Application of the model is illustrated using three sample water distribution systems, and it indicates that the GA,is a useful tool for evaluating optimal water quality source chlorine schedules
Nature of the colour-forming species in peroxy titanium sulphate
No full textALTHOUGH titanium is determined colorimetrically in aqueous sulphuric acid medium in presence of excess of hydrogen peroxide, the nature of the colour-forming species is not known definitely. Schwarz1 suggested that the colour was due to the peroxo-disulphato titanate anion [O 2Ti(SO4)2]2-. On the other hand, Jahr2 and later Gastinger3 considered that the colour of the compound was due to the peroxy titanyl cation [TiO2 aq.] 2+, and suggested the following equilibrium in solution: Schaeppi and Treadwell4 attributed the colour bo O2TiSO4 or [O2Ti(SO4)2]2-, whereas Babko and Volkova5 represented the coloured complex ion as [Ti(H 2O2)]4+. Mori, Shibata, Kyuno and Ito 6 regarded the coloured species as [TiO2 aq.]2+ or [Ti(OH)2 (H2O)(H2O2)] 2+, assuming the co-ordination number of titanium to be four. Thus, a variety of constitutions has been proposed to explain the colour-forming species of the titanium complex, based on the investigations carried out in dilute sulphuric acid medium, but the complex has not been isolated so far
Water quality parameter estimation in steady-state distribution system
No full textThe maintenance of chlorine residual is needed at all the points in the distribution system supplied with chlorine as a disinfectant. The propagation and level of chlorine in a distribution system is affected by both bulk and pipe wall reactions. It is well known that the field determination of wall reaction parameter is difficult. The source strength of chlorine to maintain a specified chlorine residual at a target node is also an important parameter. The inverse model presented in the paper determines these water quality parameters, which are associated with different reaction kinetics, either in single or in groups of pipes. The weighted-least-squares method based on the Gauss-Newton minimization technique is used for the estimation of these parameters. The validation and application of the inverse model is illustrated with an example pipe distribution system under steady state. A generalized procedure to handle noisy and bad (abnormal) data is suggested, which can be used to estimate these parameters more accurately. The developed inverse model is useful for water supply agencies to calibrate their water distribution system and to improve their operational strategies to maintain water quality
The Behaviour of Two-Phase Flow of DNAPL and Water through a Fractured Rock under Confining Pressure
No full textThis study presents the characterization of DNAPL and water flow in a fracture under confining pressure. A comprehensive mathematical model and the conditions under which DNAPL will enter an initially water-saturated deforming rock fracture are discussed. A numerical model with which to predict the quantity of each phase in terms of their saturations in deforming rock joint is developed. The effect of varying confining stresses on the traverse time of DNAPL across a fractured aquitard is studied. The sensitivity analysis for physical and hydraulic properties like initial fracture apertures, fracture dips, equivalent fracture aperture and confining pressures are performed and discussed
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