202 research outputs found
Migration as Source of Risk-aversion Among the Environmental Refugees: the Case of Women Displaced by Erosion of the River Ganga in the Malda District of West Bengal, India
No full textDutta P. Migration as Source of Risk-aversion Among the Environmental Refugees: the Case of Women Displaced by Erosion of the River Ganga in the Malda District of West Bengal, India. COMCAD Arbeitspapiere - Working Papers, 98. Bielefeld: COMCAD - Center on Mogration, Citizenship and Development; 2011
Comparison of droperidal and metoclopramide in the prevention of nausea-vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
No full textICTs and rural development in India
No full textThis monograph compares the methodologies and progress of the different existing models of information and communication technology (ICT) use for broad-based development and economic growth in India. It will examine the role of complementary reforms in government administration and policies. The focus is chiefly on the rural economy, where the developmental needs are the greatest, and the use of ICTs presents the most challenges. It examines the nature of benefits in areas such as education, health, market efficiency, and democratic participation, the channels through which impacts can be realized, and the practical means for realizing potential benefits, including organizational innovations and government policy as well as structural changesIndia; ICTs; Internet; development
On-Line Adaptation of Exploration in the One-Armed Bandit with Covariates Problem
No full textMany sequential decision making problems require an agent to balance exploration and exploitation to maximise long-term reward. Existing policies that address this tradeoff typically have parameters that are set a priori to control the amount of exploration. In finite-time problems, the optimal values of these parameters are highly dependent on the problem faced. In this paper, we propose adapting the amount of exploration performed on-line, as information is gathered by the agent. To this end we introduce a novel algorithm, e-ADAPT, which has no free parameters. The algorithm adapts as it plays and sequentially chooses whether to explore or exploit, driven by the amount of uncertainty in the system. We provide simulation results for the onearmed bandit with covariates problem, which demonstrate the effectiveness of e-ADAPT to correctly control the amount of exploration in finite-time problems and yield rewards that are close to optimally tuned off-line policies. Furthermore, we show that e-ADAPT is robust to a high-dimensional covariate, as well as misspecified models. Finally, we describe how our methods could be extended to other sequential decision making problems, such as dynamic bandit problems. with changing reward structures
Optimisation for efficient deep learning
No full textOver the past 10 years there has been a huge advance in the performance power of deep neural networks on many supervised learning tasks. Over this period these models have redefined the state of the art numerous times on many classic machine vision and natural language processing benchmarks. Deep neural networks have also found their way into many real-world applications including chat bots, art generation, voice activated virtual assistants, surveillance, and medical diagnosis systems. Much of the improved performance of these models can be attributed to an increase in scale, which in turn has raised computation and energy costs.
In this thesis we detail approaches of how to reduce the cost of deploying deep neural networks in various settings. We first focus on training efficiency, and to that end we present two optimisation techniques that produce high accuracy models without extensive tuning. These optimisers only have a single fixed maximal step size hyperparameter to cross-validate and we demonstrate that they outperform other comparable methods in a wide range of settings. These approaches do not require the onerous process of finding a good learning rate schedule, which often requires training many versions of the same network, hence they reduce the computation needed. The first of these optimisers is a novel bundle method designed for the interpolation setting. The second demonstrates the effectiveness of a Polyak-like step size in combination with an online estimate of the optimal loss value in the non-interpolating setting.
Next, we turn our attention to training efficient binary networks with both binary parameters and activations. With the right implementation, fully binary networks are highly efficient at inference time, as they can replace the majority of operations with cheaper bit-wise alternatives. This makes them well suited for lightweight or embedded applications. Due to the discrete nature of these models conventional training approaches are not viable. We present a simple and effective alternative to the existing optimisation techniques for these models
Importance of Bio-Priming on Improving Seed Quality in Chilli (Capsicum Annuum L.)
No full textIndia grows a lot of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.), and one of its most valuable commodities is its seed. However, the quality of the seeds is lost if they are stored for the months between harvest and the subsequent sowing. The seeds of Rudra and Byadgi Dabbi varieties were subjected to bio-priming with the Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus and Trichoderma viride on qualitative parameters with seven treatments. The experiment was carried out using CRBD. The culture of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus and Trichoderma viride at 2.5g /l and 5.0g/l concentration were used as pre-sowing bio-priming treatments. From the results it was found that the Bio-priming influenced significantly on the capability of the chilli seedlings with the improved germination percentage of 98.69% (2.5 g P. fluorescens, T1), shoot length 6.53cm (5 g P. fluorescens, T2), root length 7.18cm (5 g T. viride, T6), seedling length 13.43 cm (5 g P. fluorescens, T2) and seedling vigour index 1216.44 (5 g P. fluorescens, T2) in Byadgi Dabbi cultivar and where as in Rudra cultivar recorded germination percentage of 99.75% (T2), shoot length 4.13cm (5 g T. viride, T6), root length 7.38cm (5 g T. viride, T6), seedling length 11.56 cm (5 g T. viride,T6) and seedling vigour index 1140.12 (5 g T. viride, T6) when compared with control. Therefore, bio-priming with Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus and Trichoderma viride are effective in enhancing the quality parameters of seed in chilli
Electric current-induced mass flow in very thin infinite metallic films
No full textThis paper reports on the mass transport behavior of infinitely extended, continuous, and very thin metallic films under the influence of electric current. Application of direct current of high densities (> 10(8) A/m(2)) results in visible melting of thin film at only one of the electrodes, and the melt then flows towards the other electrode in a circularly symmetric fashion forming a microscale ring pattern. For the two tested thin film systems, namely Cr and Al, of thicknesses ranging from 4 to 20 nm, the above directional flow consistently occurred from cathode to anode and anode to cathode, respectively. Furthermore, application of alternating electric current results in flow of the liquid material from both the electrodes. The dependence of critical flow behavior parameters, such as flow direction, flow velocity, and evolution of the ring diameter, are experimentally determined. Analytical models based on the principles of electromigration in liquid-phase materials are developed to explain the experimental observations
Stability analysis of mine embankment against river at opencast coal mine
No full textThe present paper discusses the stability analysis of mine embankment and the effect of river river water. Structural stability of the embankment is calculated using the limit equilibrium method and analyse the effect of width on the structural stability of the embankment. Numerical simulations have been performed with the help of finite element based ‘PHASE2’ software, and the Factor of Safety has been calculated by strength reduction technique. The riverbed profile has been determined to simulate the water pressure with depth. Major geological discontinuity has also been included in the model. In the initial analysis, various models have been simulated only for embankment stability with and without water in the river. The Factor of Safety varies from 1.29 to 1.82, which indicates the embankment is stable without water. The effect of seepage due to river water within the embankment has been simulated. The seepage of water leads to a reduction of the Factor of Safety and it varies from 1.20 to 1.60. Complete structure i.e. embankment, fault, benches on the mining side and slope on the river side, have been simulated in the last set of analysis. The embankment slope and width been recommended based on the above study. Based on the analysis, the slope of the embankment on the river side as well as on the mining side should be flattened and it should not be more than 40°. The minimum base width of the embankment should not be less than 30 m. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025
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