1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Understanding and evaluating neural abstractive summarizers using contrastive examples
No full textIn the world of ever-growing information and limited supply yet high demand of human experts, representing information in a concise form that saves human time is important. The objective of a summarization system is to output a text or summary that can concisely and accurately reflect the information present in the input text. Compared to extractive summarizers which select a subset of words or sentences from the input text, abstractive summarizers select words or sentences from the entire vocabulary of the language. Recently, a number of deep learning based neural abstractive summarization systems have been proposed. These systems use a neural network to learn an encoding of the input or source text, then generate a summary using a decoder conditioned on the source text. In this thesis, we focus on various methods through which we can analyze and evaluate the performance of neural abstractive summarization systems. We investigate how they are able to perform highly on benchmark summarization datasets, and whether the systems are able to understand deeper syntactic and semantic structures. Since these systems have performed well on standard summarization metrics, we expect them to be able to score correct summaries above the incorrect summaries. To verify this, we generate a set of contrastive summaries which are perturbed, deficient versions of human-written summaries, and test whether existing neural summarizers score human-written summaries more highly than contrastive summaries. We analyze their performance on different datasets and find that majority of the time these systems scored the contrastive summaries higher than the human-written summaries. Further, we use the generated contrastive summaries to develop a neural model for evaluating summarization systems. We find that these systems show promise when compared with human evaluation of the summaries, though significant work will be required to develop a comprehensive evaluation measure, which can accurately capture all relevant aspects of a generated summary.Dans un monde où l'information est sans cesse grandissante malgré une offre limitée et une grande demande d'expertise humaine, représenter l'information de manière concise afin de pouvoir gagner du temps est important. L'objectif d'un système de génération de résumé est de produire un texte ou un résumé reflétant de façon concise et précise le contenu du texte initial. En comparaison avec les technologies de génération de résumé par extraction, qui sélectionnent un sous-ensemble de mots ou de phrases du texte initial, les technologies de génération de résumé par abstraction sélectionnent des mots ou des phrases parmi tout le vocabulaire d'une langue. Récemment, certains systèmes neuronaux d'abstraction de résumé basés sur un apprentissage en profondeur ont été proposés. Ces systèmes utilisent un réseau neuronal pour apprendre un encodage du texte initial ou de texte source, puis génèrent un résumé en utilisant un décodeur conditionné sur la base du texte source. Dans la présente thèse, nous nous intéressons à des méthodes variées à travers lesquelles nous pouvons analyser et évaluer la performance de systèmes neuronaux de résumés automatiques. Nous examinons dans quelle mesure ils peuvent exécuter des jeux de données de résumés standards, et si les systèmes peuvent comprendre des structures syntaxiques et sémantiques plus profondes. Puisque ces systèmes ont livré une bonne performance en ce qui concerne les paramètres de résumés standards, nous nous attendons à ce qu'ils puissent générer plus de résumés corrects que de résumés incorrects. Afin de vérifier cette hypothèse, nous générons un ensemble de résumés contrastifs qui sont des versions perturbées, déficientes de résumés rédigés par des humains, et testons si les systèmes neuronaux de résumé existants surpassent davantage les résumés rédigés par des humains que les résumés contrastifs. Nous analysons leur performance sur différents jeux de données et trouvons que la plupart du temps, ces systèmes génèrent de meilleurs résumés contrastifs que ceux rédigés par des humains. Puis, nous utilisons les résumés contrastifs générés pour développer un modèle neuronal d'évaluation des systèmes de récapitulation. Nous estimons que ces systèmes semblent prometteurs lorsqu'ils sont comparés à une évaluation humaine des résumés, bien qu'un travail significatif soit requis afin de développer une mesure d'évaluation complète, pouvant capturer précisément tous les aspects pertinents d'un résumé généré
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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