944 research outputs found
Lepiota albofloccosa, a new species in sect. Lepiota (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from Northwestern Himalayas of Jammu and Kashmir, India
No full textAhamed, Masood, Verma, Komal, Dutta, Arun Kumar, Sharma, Yash Pal (2023): Lepiota albofloccosa, a new species in sect. Lepiota (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from Northwestern Himalayas of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Phytotaxa 607 (1): 72-84, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.
Comparison of the clinical applicability of Miller's classification system to Kumar and Masamatti's classification system of gingival recession
No full textBackground: The aims of the present study were to (i) Find the percentage of recession cases that could be classified by application of Miller's and/or Kumar and Masamatti's classification of gingival recession, and (ii) compare the percentage of clinical applicability of Miller's criteria and Kumar and Masamatti's criteria to the total recessions present. Materials and Methods: A total of 104 patients (1089 recession cases) were included in the study wherein they were classified using both Miller's and Kumar and Masamatti's classification systems of gingival recession. Percentage comparison of the application of both classification systems was done. Results: Data analysis showed that though all the cases of the recession were classified by Kumar and Masamatti's classification, only 34.61% cases were classified by Miller's classification. 19.10% cases were completely (having only labial/buccal recession) classified. In 15.51% (out of 34.61%) cases, only buccal recession was classified according to Miller's criteria and included in this category, although these cases had both buccal and lingual/palatal recessions. Furthermore, 29.75% cases of recession with interdental loss and marginal tissue loss coronal to mucogingival junction (MGJ) remained uncategorized by Miller's classification; categorization of palatal/lingual recession was possible with Kumar and Masamatti's classification. Conclusion: The elaborative evaluation of both buccal and palatal/lingual recession by the Kumar and Masamatti's classification system can be used to overcome the limitations of Miller's classification system, especially the cases with interdental loss and having marginal tissue loss coronal to MGJ
sj-pdf-1-jao-10.1177_03913988241232315 – Supplemental material for Step by step enhancement of aesthetics for distal phalangeal prosthetic replacement using neoteric stamp technique: A case report
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jao-10.1177_03913988241232315 for Step by step enhancement of aesthetics for distal phalangeal prosthetic replacement using neoteric stamp technique: A case report by Komal Kaur Saroya, Vishal Kumar, Surbhi Sharma and Sonam Kalsi in The International Journal of Artificial Organs</p
FIGURE 1 in Morphological and molecular data reveal a new species of Amanita section Vaginatae (Amanitaceae) from India
No full textFIGURE 1. Phylogram generated by Bayesian analysis based on combined sequence data of nrITS and nrLSU for Amanita sharmae and allied species. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (MLBs) ≥ 70% are shown on the right of "/" and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) ≥0.95 are shown on the left above or below the branches at nodes. Amanita sharmae is in bold red font to highlight its phylogenetic positions in the tree.Published as part of Kumar, Anil, Verma, Komal, Ghosh, Aniket & Mehmood, Tahir, 2023, Morphological and molecular data reveal a new species of Amanita section Vaginatae (Amanitaceae) from India, pp. 186-196 in Phytotaxa 584 (3) on page 189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.584.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/764567
Amanita sharmae A. Kumar, Mehmood, Verma K & A. Ghosh 2023, sp. nov.
No full textAmanita sharmae A. Kumar, Mehmood, Verma K & A. Ghosh sp. nov. Figs. 2, 3 MycoBank: MB 844382 GenBank: ON679656 (nrITS, holotype), OP382962 (nrITS); ON679647 (nrLSU, holotype), OP391537 (nrLSU). Diagnosis:—Distinct from all known species of Amanita sect. Vaginatae by its dark grey to olive grey pileus at center, olive brown towards margin, inamyloid broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores measuring (10‒14 × 7‒10 μm), presence of clamp connections, its occurrence under coniferous forest dominated by Abies pindrow and Picea smithiana and 2- gene phylogenetic inference. Etymology:—‘ sharmae ’ refers to Prof. Yash Pal Sharma to honour his valuable contributions to the macrofungal flora of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. Typification:— INDIA. Jammu and Kashmir: Kishtwar district, Chatroo, 33°18′46″N 75°46′10″E, Elev. 2068 m, 26 th August 2021, A. Kumar, AKA-13 (CAL 1882, holotype!). Description: —Basidiomata small to medium-sized. Pileus 30–70 mm diam., initially convex, becoming convex to plano-convex, sometimes umbonate or slightly depressed at center, greyish brown (7E3) to dark brown (6F5) at center, dark grey (1F1) to olive grey (1F1–2), olive brown (4E3–4) towards margin, slightly viscid when moist, smooth, covered with greyish brown (7E3) to olive grey (1F1–2) minute fibrils, mostly lacking universal veil remnants; margin short-striate up to 10–15 mm, non-appendiculate, initially incurved, uplifted at maturity; trama white (1A1), 2–4 mm thick, thinning evenly toward margin, pale cream, not bruising or staining. Lamellae free, crowded, white (1A1); lamellar edges white (1A1); lamellulae truncate, in 4–5 tiers. Stipe 70–110 mm × 7–8 mm (excluding bulb), slightly tapering upward, chalky white (1A1) covered with minute white fibrils, context white (1A1), hollow in center; basal bulb absent; volva saccate, 30–40 mm high × 15–20 mm wide, membranous, outer surface white (1A1) to greyish white (1BI), interior white (1A1). Annulus absent. Odor and taste not observed. Lamellar trama bilateral. Mediostratum 40–60 μm wide, composed of abundant, broadly ellipsoid to elongated, inflated cells (40–90 × 18–50 μm); filamentous undifferentiated hyphae abundant, 6–10 μm wide, thin-walled colorless, hyaline. clamp connections present. Lateral stratum composed of ellipsoid to cylindrical inflated cells (25‒45 × 10‒15 μm) with abundant interwoven filamentous hyphae which are 3‒6 μm in diam., clamp connections present. Subhymenium 30–55 μm thick, with 2‒4 layers, composed of subglobose to ovoid to ellipsoid cells 10–45 × 8–25 μm. Basidia 50‒73 × 10‒15 μm, 2‒4 spored, clavate, 4-spored, thin-walled; sterigmata 2–4 μm long, basal septa often clamped. Basidiospores [60/3/3] (9.0‒)10.0‒14.0(‒16) × (6.5‒)7.0‒10.0(‒11.0) μm, Q = (1.10‒)1.2‒1.57(‒1.66), Qm = 1.37, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, inamyloid, colorless, thin-walled, smooth; apiculus 0.7 μm. Lamellar edge sterile, composed of ellipsoid cells (15–40 × 10‒30 μm), filamentous hyphae abundant, 3‒5 μm in diam., irregularly arranged, hyaline. Pileipellis 50–160 μm thick, two-layered; upper layer (30–65 μm) thick, gelatinized, composed of radially to parallelly arranged, thin-walled, colorless, filamentous undifferentiated hyphae 2–6 μm wide; lower layer (20–95 μm) thick composed of radially arranged, filamentous hyphae 5–14 μm wide, clamp connections present. Outer surface of volval remnants on stipe base composed of longitudinally arranged to interwoven elements; filamentous undifferentiated hyphae very abundant to dominant 2–8 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled 6–8 μm wide, branching, inflated cells scarce to scattered, subglobose to ellipsoid cells (60–90 × 45–60 μm), colorless, thin-walled, vascular hyphae scarce, clamp connections present. Interior of volval remnants on stipe base composed of longitudinally arranged to interwoven elements: filamentous hyphae very abundant to dominant, 2–8 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled, 6–8 μm wide, branching; inflated cells scarce to scattered, subglobose to ellipsoid cells (60–90 × 45–60 μm), colorless, thin-walled, vascular hyphae scarce, clamp connections present. Stipe trama composed of longitudinally arranged filamentous hyphae, 3‒7 μm wide, hyaline, clavate terminal cells 90‒290 × 15‒25 μm, clamp connections present. Habitat & distribution:—Solitary to sub-gregarious in temperate coniferous forest dominated by Abies pindrow and Picea smithiana. Known distribution:—Only collected from northwestern Himalaya of Jammu Province, India. Additional specimens examined:— INDIA. Jammu and Kashmir: Kathua District, Sarthal, 32°49’32.71”N, 75°43’44.12”E, Elev. 3059 m, 25 th September 2019, A. Kumar & K. Verma, AKS-22; Udhampur, Latti, Elev. 1973 m., 5 th September 2021, A. Kumar & K. Verma, AKS-37.Published as part of Kumar, Anil, Verma, Komal, Ghosh, Aniket & Mehmood, Tahir, 2023, Morphological and molecular data reveal a new species of Amanita section Vaginatae (Amanitaceae) from India, pp. 186-196 in Phytotaxa 584 (3) on pages 190-193, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.584.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/764567
Tetrahymena thermophila: A whole cell biosensor for toxicity assessment of Mercury
No full textCiliated protozoans are ubiquitous, free living, and largely non-pathogenic microorganisms. Being single cell
eukaryotic microorganisms they represent an essential component of all ecosystem where they are integral
constituents of trophic chains and nutrient cycles (Foissner, 1987,1999, 2004; Darbyshire, 1994; Alpheiet al.,
1996; Bonkowski and Schaefer, 1997; Sherr and Sherr, 2002; Cuvelieret al., 2010; Steele et al., 2011). They
have been used as model organisms for the discovery of key genomic processes found across the eukaryotic tree
of life, e.g., self-splicing RNAs, telomeres, and the role of RNAs in shaping germline and somatic genomes.
Unlike bacteria, fungi they lack cell wall and are only separated from external environment via cell membrane,
this makes them highly sensitive to any change in the environment. Considering that ciliated protozoa shows
high similarity in the conserved genes (more than 800 human genes have orthologs in Tetrahymena and out of
these 58 genes are associated with human diseases; Eisenet al., 2006;Fillinghamet al., 2002) between ciliates and
several eukaryotes including humans, they represents a better biological tools to detect and diagnose communitylevel
impairments in contaminated soil and water ecosystems. Thus, ciliate represents a perfect bioindicators that
can be used for assessment of ecotoxicological assays for early warning deterioration of the environment.
Furthermore, in response to heavy metal pollution, they express a special protein, i.e., metallothioneins (MT)
rich in cysteine (cys) amino acid in which the thiol groups are able to bind heavy metals.Further, the induction of
MTs by heavy metals is mainly regulated at transcription level
Morphology, ontogenetic, and molecular phylogenetic studies on species of the genera Sterkiella and Fragmospina
No full textWe investigated a poorly known species of the genus Sterkiella based on two populations
collected from an agricultural field in Marche Region, Italy and from soil samples
collected from the Silent Valley National Park, India. This study represents an example
where data on the ontogenesis clarifies the polyphyletic behavior of the genus Sterkiella.
Both populations showed a rather similar morphology and ontogenetic pattern and thus
supported the polyphyletic behavior of the genus Sterkiella in molecular phylogenetic
analyses. In addition, description of a species of the genus Fragmospina has been
presented based on the detailed investigations on morphology, ontogenesis, and
molecular phylogenetic methods
Ciliate diversity and behavioural observations from the chemoautotrophic cave ecosystem of Frasassi, (Marche region, Italy)
No full textChemoautotrophic cave organisms require specific adaptations to tolerate the stress of living in extreme environmental conditions, such as darkness, nutrient and energy limitations, low temperatures (12-13°C), highly variable sulphide concentrations (from 0 up to 415 μM H2S) and toxic levels of gases (H2S, CO2, CH4). To date, due to the difficulties in sampling in such harsh environment, very few studies were performed in order to describe the ciliate communities from caves; these have remained largely unexplored. Thus, the main aims of our study were to characterize for the first time, the ciliates from the sulfide-rich Frasassi cave complex (Marche region, Italy) and to observe possible behavioural differences with their non-cave-dwelling counterpart ciliate species. Four main sampling sites within Frasassi caves were selected: Pozzo dei Cristalli, Lago Verde, Ramo Solfureo and Grotta Solfurea. The ciliate diversity from the site Pozzo dei Cristalli was studied in greater detail for its spatio-temporal distribution, since it is highly diversified and includes several microhabitats represented by small sulfidic (H2S-rich) ponds, streams and springs as well as, deep and shallow muddy, stagnant lakes. Periodic sampling was realised from 2009 to 2011 in the form of water-sediments, picked up by scraping the surface. Classical culturing, silver staining methods and 18S rRNA gene (for some selected species) for phylogenetic analysis were employed. A total of 31 species belonging to 9 classes, 15 orders and 23 genera were identified. Fluctuation of the ciliate communities were mainly recorded at the Pozzo dei Cristalli sites during various sampling occasions, this could be due to changing environmental conditions (mainly H2S concentrations and water levels). Interestingly, it was observed that some species e.g. Urocentrum turbo, Coleps hirtus hirtus, Oxytricha sp, Euplotes sp, showed adaptation for the cave environment (photo-sensitivity, sulphur tolerance, feeding behaviour, morphological difference). Overall, these results provide a platform for various in-depth studies of ciliates to understand potential role in aquatic microhabitats, nature of chemical compounds secreted, dispersal pattern, and adaptations to cave environment
Shedding light on the polyphyletic behavior of the genus Sterkiella: The importance of ontogenetic and molecular phylogenetic approaches
No full textPresent study, investigates a poorly known species of the genus Sterkiella, i.e., S. tricirrata, based on two populations isolated from soil samples collected from the Colfiorito Regional Park, Umbria Region, Italy and from the Silent Valley National Park, India. Both populations showed a highly similar morphology, however different ontogenetic pattern in between. The study confirms the validity of the species S. tricirrata which was considered to be a species within the Sterkiella histriomuscorum complex. The main ontogenetic difference between S. tricirrata and other species of the genus Sterkiella is the different mode of formation of anlagen V and VI of the proter in the former. In the phylogenetic analyses, Sterkiella tricirrata clusters with Sterkiella sinica within the stylonychine oxytrichids, in a clade away from the type species (Sterkiella cavicola) of the genus Sterkiella. The study highlights the importance of ontogenetic as well as molecular data in shedding light on the polyphyletic behavior of the genus Sterkiella. A detailed description of S. tricirrata based on morphology, ontogenesis and molecular phylogenetic methods is presented. Further, the improved diagnosis has been provided for the genus Sterkiella and the poorly known species S. tricirrata
Access and use of the Internet in the libraries of Lahore, Pakistan
No full textThis study is to find out the level of the Internet access in libraries, its uses by library staff and the problems regarding access and use of Internet in libraries of Lahore, Pakistan. The research is based on primary data. A structured questionnaire survey was conducted by (n=75) 48 academic libraries (university and college), 21 special libraries, five public libraries and one school library in the city of Lahore. Findings of the study may be useful for policy makers to understand the status of the Internet access and its need as well as for library schools to revise the curriculum to improve the Internet skills of future librarians
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