232 research outputs found
RF MEMS switch optimization using ANN and design of antenna with frequency reconfigurability
No full textArtificial neural networks (ANN) are becoming highly prominent in the optimization of micro-RF devices, which are very significant in wireless communication applications. In this manuscript, we present the optimization of RF MEMS switches using ANN and the design of an antenna with frequency reconfigurability. A unique procedure is proposed to design reconfigurable antennas with RF MEMS switches using ANN. The novelty of this work lies in the creation of a dedicated dataset for the considered RF MEMS switch with FEM tool simulation and the utilization of cascade feed-forward neural networks for optimization. The design of the dataset and the optimization of RF MEMS switches in different aspects using ANN are the key contributions of this work. Comprehensive analysis was performed using a neural network with the designed dataset. Cascade feed-forward neural networks are highly efficient when compared with other neural networks. The weights and biases of the network were selected using the Xavier approach. The cascade feed-forward neural network is optimized using the LM training algorithm. The optimized cascade feed-forward neural network is further used to predict the optimized RF MEMS switch dimensions for the desired application. The network produces an accuracy of 94.9%. An RF MEMS switch was designed from the dimensions predicted by the cascade feed-forward neural network. The designed switch offers – 55 dB Isolation and – 0.2 dB Insertion. Eventually, an antenna was designed by incorporating identical switches which offer frequency reconfigurability
Conformational Studies with Density Functional Theory of Ethylene Glycol as Intermediate
No full textCRITICAL REVIEW OF HERBS ACTING ON PRANAVAHA SROTOVIKAR
Get PDFThe human body contains several channels through which the Doshas, Dhatus and Malas travel which are called as Srotamsi. There are thirteen Abhyantra srotamsi, each of which relates to specific organs, and are increased and vitiated by specific factors. Among thirteen Abhyantra srotas Pranavaha is one. Its main function is to provide the medium, through which Prana flows, which is governed by Vata. General causes of vitiation of Pranavaha Srotas include suppression of natural urges; seasonal, environmental, lifestyle and dietary patterns that are Ruksha, Sita in nature; exertion and exercise while hungry etc. they produce different symptoms like Kasa, Svasa, Hikka etc. Though Brihatrayeekaras have mentioned wide range of herbs for treatment of Pranavaha Sroto Vikaras, Charaka has mentioned around 30 drugs in 3 categories related to Pranavaha srotas i.e. Kasahara, Svasahara and Hikkahara Dasaimanis while Susrutha and Vagbhata has mentioned Svasa and Kasahara dravyas in Ganas like Surasadi and Vidarigandhadi ganas. Apart from these a lot of drugs are mentioned in their respective treatments. Among these the drugs like Sati, Puskaramoola, Abhaya, Trikatu, Brihati, Kantakari, Tamalaki, Tulasi are very frequently mentioned for the treatment of different Pranavaha Sroto vikaras. In the present paper research activities carried out around the world on different herbs used in the Pranavaha sroto vikaras are reviewed which will provide a scientific rationale of using them in Ayurveda
High gain interleaved PFC converter for torque ripple minimization in industrial PMBLDC motor based drives
No full textThe necessity of motors is proliferating in almost all the modern era applications as the motors play a significant role in lessening the manual labour and minimizing the consumption of time. As the consequence of having many meriting measures like minimal expenditure, substantial efficacy, massive robustness, and uncomplicated structure, the Permanent Magnet Brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor is preferred in this present study. For the target of achieving ripple-free operation, a Bridgeless High-Resolution Pulse Width Modulation (HR PWM) converter is instigated as a replacement of traditional Diode Bridge Rectifier (DBR) in this paper, which assists in procuring the aim of Power Factor Correction (PFC). The regulation of converter output is obtained with the assistance of the Adaptive Cascaded Fuzzy Controller, which optimizes and retains the output as constant. The optimized output is then fed to the motor through a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). Eventually, the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) tuned PI controller is magnificently implemented to manage motor speed regulation without any interruptions or uncertainties. Hence, the introduced approach performs well in ripple suppression, PFC, and torque regulation processes. The utilized converter provides improvised results with the efficiency of 97 %, The entire work is validated through MATLAB simulation and FPGA Spartan 6E in hardware
Multiplier Accumulator (MAC) based Efficient GABOR Filter Design using Verilog HDL
No full textAbstract — This paper presents the sophisticated features of the Gabor filter design using Verilog HDL for image processing applications. Here, it represents the application of reconstruct Gabor filter technique to enhance the standard image output. The main goal of this paper is to simplify study, dissect, and improve the efficiency of the design combination and quality by maintaining the same. Here, mainly the filter is to reduce the problem of sizing complication and also to improve the coding style that is synthesizable. The characteristics of this proposed method is to replace the one multiplication accumulation unit (MAC) to another multiplication accumulation unit (MAC). In digital signal processing, the multiply accumulate operation is a common step that computes the product of two numbers and adds that product to an accumulator
PSO based fractional order automatic generation controller for a three area interconnected system
No full textMagnetic, Electrical and Surface Morphological Characterization of AuGe/Ni/Au Ohmic Contact Metallization on GaAs/AlGaAs Multilayer Structures
No full textA process issue arising from the use of ferromagnetic Nickel in the AuGe/Ni/Au Ohmic contact metallization is studied in the context of magnetic field sensors and HEMT devices made using GaAs/AlGaAs multilayer structures with the two dimensional electron gas layer. The dependence of magnetization, contact resistance, adhesion, surface roughness and current distribution of alloyed Ohmic contacts on parameters such as Ni layer thickness, anneal temperature and Au-Ge alloy composition are discussed. The magnetization measurements provided some new and interesting insights into changes occurring in the metallization layers prior to alloying
A STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF LOBEGLITAZONE SULFATE AND GLIMEPIRIDE USING REVERSEDPHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY IN DOSAGE FORM AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DEGRADANTS USING LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROMETRY
No full textObjectives: A novel, speedy, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography approach has been established for quantitatively analyzing lobeglitazone sulfate and glimepiride.
Methods: In this method, the drugs were separated using Inertsil Octadecylsilyl (ODS) 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm column with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The buffer consists of 1 mL of formic acid, which is dissolved in 1 L Milli-Q water, and a mobile phase consisting of a 50:50 (v/v) mixture of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. The 260 nm wavelength was used for detection.
Results: Lobeglitazone sulfate concentrations ranging from 12.5 μg/mL to 75 μg/mL and glimepiride concentrations from 25 μg/mL to 150 μg/mL show good linearity in the suggested approach. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values were 0.3 μg/mL, 1.0 μg/mL and 0.15 μg/mL, 0.5 μg/mL for glimepiride and lobeglitazone sulfate, respectively. All the parameters of accuracy, specificity, and method precision were all within the acceptable limit.
Conclusion: In the forced degradation studies, the degradation products were characterized by the use of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The current method was found to be simple, economical, suitable, and validated according to the International Council for Harmonization guidelines
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