1,721,246 research outputs found
Energy transitions in the global South : Towards just urgency and urgent justice
Full text linkInformed by the chapters of this book and by broader reflections on the current social scientific work on energy transitions, this concluding chapter looks at this broader research landscape through three lenses: a methodological, a theoretical-conceptual and an empirical lens. These lenses can sharpen and re-focus the attention when navigating the landscapes of energy transitions.For example, critical comparative work and broadening disciplinary outlooks can enrich many methodological toolkits. The chapter further makes the case for a diverse set of approaches to understand and shape energy transitions as this helps de-privileging any single theory or dominance of concepts. The chapter encourages an engagement with the global South that aims to account for place-specific understandings of situated lived experiences. This can provide a critical counterbalance to dominant (Northern) analyses of energy transitionsThe chapter ends by identifying different backdrops against which the book’s overarching theme of urgency and justice can be understood. It suggests how the urgency-justice dilemma can describe both a productive tension as well as a reinforcing power. Finally, the chapter relates connotations of urgency and justice to other notions in critical debates of energy research and practice. It calls for just urgency and urgent justice in energy transitions
Urgency vs justice : A politics of energy transitions in the age of the Anthropocene
Full text linkThis introductory chapter sets out the overall logic and argument for this book, based on a critical investigation of the concept of the Anthropocene from a postcolonial vantage point. It posits that the argument for urgency and the calls to unify under the scientific narrative of the Anthropocene risks jeopardising political pathways of justice. The chapter reframes the Anthropocene narrative to argue for decolonising our knowledge and resolving the dilemma of urgency vs justice. It searches for a more political Anthropocene; one that tackles the urgency of collective action, while keeping a politics of justice at its centre.Reviewing literature on energy transitions in the global South, the chapter outlines four (inter alia) areas of concern for justice in a time of urgency: carbon colonialism, democracy and distributional justice, reframing of public good as private commodity and its marketisation, and gender and racial justice. To address these concerns we need to progress anti- and de-colonial thought within current discourses of urgent energy transitions. By bringing diverse perspectives in the chapters together this book identifies pathways developed in the global South that can bring urgency and justice together
Constructing an inclusive vision of sustainable transition to decentralised energy: Local practices, knowledge, values and narratives in the case of community-managed grids in rural India
No full textThis chapter claims that the global North’s vision of sustainable energy transition (SET), which informs policies and infrastructure developments, holds a partial account of diverse energy-related practices and associated values that are endemic to local communities. Referring to the EU directive, this chapter points towards the implicit bias about the role of advanced technologies in SET. The vision of SET expressed in the EU directive has the interlocked relation with market designs, economic growth and underlying rational values that might result in a mismatch with needs, values and practices of local communities. This chapter presents empirical observations from an ethnographic field-research on community-managed solar mini-grids in rural India to hint at alternative possibilities and contribute to a more inclusive vision of SET. In particular, it demonstrates that practices of improvisation, redistribution of energy and adaptation of mini-grid informed by the villagers’ social, cultural and economic needs are entangled with local knowledge and values. By learning from the local practices, knowledge, values and narratives with energy technologies, this chapter proposes to take a step towards a “big picture” of the sustainable transition to decentralised energy.Ethics & Philosophy of TechnologyDesign Conceptualization and Communicatio
Intrinsic thermoacoustic instability in hydrogen enriched partially premixed flames
No full textThe influence of hydrogen addition on the intrinsic thermoacoustic instability in swirl stabilized partially premixed methane flames is investigated using large eddy simulation (LES) and reduced order modeling (ROM). The LES results compare well with the measurements. Hydrogen addition results in a significant deviation of the fundamental frequency from the cavity acoustic modes. The thermoacoustic behavior is analyzed using an ROM with the classical n- τ model for flame dynamics, where the interaction index n and time delay τ are deduced from the LES results. A parametric sweep of n and τ with ROM reveals a broad variation of the acoustic eigenvalues in the eigenspectrum. The eigenspectrum shows two distinct regions corresponding to the classical acoustic and intrinsic modes. These intrinsic modes are characterized by a distinct change in the sign of axial pressure gradient across the flame. In the hydrogen-enriched cases, the pressure mode shapes obtained from the ROM and LES analyses show this change in the axial pressure gradient across the flame zone. This is due to flame-induced pulsation dominating the near-field acoustics, resulting in the emergence of intrinsic modes. Further, general results obtained using the one-dimensional acoustic model on the influence of geometry on the stability of acoustic and intrinsic modes are discussed.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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