1,721,028 research outputs found
The correlates of infant and childhood mortality
Full text linkThis paper has two main goals. The first is to review the context for studying infant mortality, which includes a review of the theoretical framework, the covariates used to examine mortality over the first 60 months of life, and the major findings of empirical studies. Second, the paper adds some new empirical evidence that comes from the longitudinal reconstitution of church registers of Bejsce parish, located in the south of Poland. This rich database allows for an analysis of mortality trends of cohorts born between the 18th and 20th centuries in the parish. The analysis includes a reconstruction of descriptive measures of infant and childhood mortality, and a hazard model of mortality over the first 60 months of life. The hazard model has been calculated for each cohort separately in order to demonstrate the change in the relative importance of analyzed factors during the process of mortality decline in the parish. Obtained mortality patterns are discussed with reference to the theoretical context presented in the first part of the paper.event history analysis, historical population, infant and child mortality, multilevel model, parish registers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
L'évolution de la nuptialité des adolescentes au Cameroun et ses déterminants
No full textKuate-Defo Barthélémy. -Adolescent nuptiality in Cameroon : change and its determinants Three successive and nationally representative surveys and an event history analysis were used to test the hypothesis that marriage before age 20 is becoming less frequent in Cameroon. Assessment of the data shows that the information supplied by women in the 20- 34 age range, and in particular between 20-24, is the most reliable for studying the changes in marriage behaviour on the basis of multiround retrospective surveys. Early marriage is declining in nearly all regions of the country, and at the national level is reflected in a strong trend towards later marriage. The decline in early marriage is most pronounced among women of the younger generations, the better educated, those living in the cities of Yaounde and Douala, among Muslims and followers of the traditional religions. The fall in age at menarche is concomitant with a fall in age at first marriage, and women who experience puberty early marry earlier than those who experience puberty later. The main findings from this study and their implications are discussed in the light of research conducted elsewhere, notably in other developing countries.Kuate-Defo Barthélémy. - L'évolution de la nuptialité des adolescentes au Cameroun et ses déterminants À partir de trois enquêtes successives représentatives au niveau national et au moyen d'une analyse des biographies, on teste l'hypothèse que l'entrée en vie conjugale avant 20 ans est de moins en moins fréquente au Cameroun. L'évaluation des données montre que les informations fournies par les femmes de 20-34 ans, et surtout de 20-24 ans, sont les plus fiables pour cerner les changements matrimoniaux à partir d'enquêtes rétrospectives répétées. La nuptialité précoce diminue dans la quasi-totalité des régions du pays, induisant au plan national une forte tendance au report des unions. Le déclin de la nuptialité précoce est le plus ma- qué parmi les femmes des jeunes générations, les plus scolarisées, les résidentes des grandes villes de Yaoundé/Douala, les musulmanes et les adeptes des religions traditionnelles. Le déclin de l'âge aux premières règles est concomitant d'un recul de l'âge à la première union, et les femmes pubères précocement entrent en union plus tôt que celles dont la puberté est tardive. Les principaux résultats de cette étude et leur portée sont discutés à la lumière des travaux de recherche réalisés ailleurs, notamment dans d'autres pays en développement.Kuate-Defo Barthélémy. - La evolución de la nupcialidad adolescente en Camerun y sus déterminantes En base a très encuestas sucesivas, representativas a nivel nacionál, y a partir de un análisis biográfico, evaluamos la hipótesis según la cual el inicio de la vida conyugal antes de los 20 aňos es cada vez menos frecuente en Camerún. La evaluación de datos muestra que las informaciones proporcionadas por mujeres de entre 20 y 34 aflos de edad, y especialmente entre 20 y 24, son las más fiables para analizar los cambios matrimoniales a partir de encuestas retrospectivas repetidas. La nupcialidad precoz ha disminuido en casi todas las regiones del pais, induciendo un retraso de las uniones. La disminución de la nupcialidad precoz es más fuerte entre las mujeres de generaciones jóvenes, las de mayor nivel educativo, las résidentes en las grandes ciudades de Yaoundé/Duala, las musulmanas y las adeptas a las religiones tra- dicionales. Por otro lado, la edad de la primera régla ha disminuido de forma simultanea a la disminución de la edad a la primera union. Pero las mujeres que entran en la adolescencia a edades más précoces también entran en uniones más temprano que las mujeres cuya pubertad es más tardía. El artículo discute los resultados principales de este estudio y su alcance a la luz de estudios realizados en otros parses en desarrollo.Kuate-Defo B. L'évolution de la nuptialité des adolescentes au Cameroun et ses déterminants. In: Population, 55ᵉ année, n°6, 2000. pp. 941-973
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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