1,722,065 research outputs found
Affine Subspace Concentration Conditions
No full textWe define a new notion of affine subspace concentration conditions for
lattice polytopes, and prove that they hold for smooth and reflexive polytopes
with barycenter at the origin. Our proof involves considering the slope
stability of the canonical extension of the tangent bundle by the trivial line
bundle and with the extension class on Fano toric
varieties.Comment: 14 pages, v2: published version, revisions following referee's
comments, major changes in Lemma 3.2 and its proof, to appear in EPIG
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The effect of technology, information, and marketing on an interconnected world
Full text link[EN] Technology is considered an asset for companies, and continuous technological innovation is one of the most effective ways to help firms achieve a competitive advantage. Innovation creates opportunities for entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship may involve corporate social responsibility. Technology also affects all aspects of marketing. The integration of technology and marketing strategies can affect companies' success in a continuously changing environment. This special issue presents some recent studies of how technology can support improvement in various areas of business and management, including innovation, entrepreneurship, and marketing.Huarng, K.; Botella-Carrubi, D.; Hui-Kuang Yu, T. (2021). The effect of technology, information, and marketing on an interconnected world. Journal of Business Research. 129:314-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.03.004S31431812
Analysis of ultra-broadband amplified spontaneous emissions generated by Cr4+:YAG single and glass-clad crystal fibers
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Manipulate light propagation based on gradient-phase meta-interfaces
No full text超穎材料(plasmonic metamaterials)由次波長(sub-wavelength)尺寸的侷域共振結構組成，這些共振結構隨電磁波激發產生電偶(electric dipole)及磁偶極矩(magnetic dipole)共振，並展現一些特殊的電磁波特性如負折射(negative refraction)、完美成像(perfect imaging)等。近年來藉由一種介面梯度超穎材料(graded metamaterial systems)，實現許多新穎的現象如影形斗篷(invisibility cloaking)及侷域彩虹(trapped rainbow)等。近年來N. Yu等人根據Generalized Snell’s law的理論基礎設計了尺寸漸變的奈米天線(optical antenna)振列，並在近紅外光(8微米)波段實現異常(anomalous)穿透與反射的調控效果。X. Ni等人以類似的結構將尺寸縮小使之於波長2微米工作，並具有寬頻(broadband)工作的特性。 Sun 等人透過一種反射式的結構於微波(microwave)波段將入射的傳遞波近乎100%轉為表面波。這系列研究主要是透過不同尺寸的超穎材料在介面上不同位置產生漸變的電磁波相位(phase)，並在遠場干涉(interference)後建構出特定指向的平面波前(wave front)。
在此研究中透過模擬設計介面結構，使結構將正向入射平面波高效率(78%)調控到異常反射角度，並在850nm光頻段工作下具有200nm的寬頻調控效果。此設計結構的調控特性可應用於分光元件(beam splitter)、表面電漿波耦合器(SPP coupler)及光吸收元件(light absorber)等。Plasmonic metamaterials are artificial composites made by sub-wavelength local resonance structures of electric and/or magnetic type(s) exhibiting novel electromagnetic properties, such as negative refraction, perfect imaging, etc. In last several years, various graded metamaterial systems have brought us new fascinating phenomena such as invisibility cloaking [1], trapped rainbow [2], etc. Recently, N. Yu et. al. showed that a graded optical antenna array could realize anomalous reflection and refraction for light at infra-red (8 micrometer), following a generalized Snell’s law [3], and X. Ni et. al. soon pushed the idea to 2-micrometer wavelength with a relative broad operation bandwidth [4]. Sun et. al. further proved that a particular gradient-index meta-surface can convert a propagating wave to a surface wave with nearly 100% efficiency [5], and demonstrated the idea in microwave frequency regime. The key idea behind this set of works is to utilize the local reflection/refraction phase properties of a gradient metamaterial, so that coherent beams can be formed by constructive interference.
In this work, we push the idea to visible frequencies. We designed and fabricated a graded meta-surface working around 850 nm, and demonstrated that an incident beam can be redirected to a non-specular channel after reflection by our system. The measured conversion efficiency from the incident beam to the anomalous reflection one is quite high (up to 78%), and the working bandwidth is very broad (about 200 nm). We believe that our systems can have broad applications including beam splitter, SPP coupler, light absorber, etc
Applied Research of Leadership and Motivation in Urban Renewal Industry - A Case Study of a Private Land Assembly Team
No full text都市更新是一個具有高不確定、高複雜、高耗時與低成功率卻又不得不進行的土 地開發整合事業。願意加入都市更新整合工作的成員通常有比較高的成就需求, 在都市更新團隊這樣的任務特性之下,只有交易式領導是不夠的,只有轉換型領 導又不切實際。研究顯示,當資質平庸的成員與其任務奮戰時,聰明的領導者總 是能適時幫忙。相反地,資質平庸的領導者則會抵銷高能力團隊的效能。因此, 找出合適領導都市更新團隊者的人格特質,調整出有效的領導型態,使用正確的 激勵方式,才能增強都市更新團隊的整體效能。 轉換型領導本質上與魅力領導、願景領導是相同的。領導者企圖在轉換的過程中 影響跟隨者的價值觀或動機,使跟隨者提升到較高的層次。魅力領導透過對願景 的提出、溝通與激勵以引發跟隨者的熱情、不再侷限於關注自我利益,轉而為團 隊或組織的利益而努力等步驟來發揮領導效能,這個過程就是一種轉換過程。而 交易型領導是轉換型領導的基礎,同一領導者若能同時展現出轉換型與交易型兩 種領導風格,其所能產生的部屬努力與團隊績效會超過僅用交易型領導時所產生 的。一項評論87個有關轉換型領導的研究顯示,轉換型領導更能激勵與滿足跟隨 者,而且能讓他們有更高績效,更知覺到領導者效能。和交易型領導相比,轉換 型領導和較低的離職率、較高的生產力、較低的員工壓力與疲憊,及較高的員工 滿意度之間呈現更強的相關。 本研究受訪公司以權宜獎賞的方式為基礎,提供適當報酬,促其員工達成目標。 除此之外,領導者有方向、有熱情、有挑戰、有關懷,用這四個轉換的手段來帶 領團隊,試圖讓部屬更認同這個公司,不那麼計較短期內都市更新案是不是能夠 成案,而願意持續不斷地投入。財務誘因在短期內較具激勵效果,長期而言,非 財務誘因更能激勵人心。具有高成長需求的員工,對於工作中包含豐富核心構面 的感受性會比低成長需求的員工更強。證據顯示,工作豐富化雖然未必能提高關 鍵生產力,但能降低曠職與離職成本,提高工作滿足感。當任務特性有工作績效 的回饋及酬償系統不佳的情況時,引進工作豐富化最能發揮效益。受訪公司透過 四個途徑,對其團隊成員發揮內在激勵的效果,分別是建立雇主品牌,強化團隊 凝聚力、扁平化組織設計,鼓勵同仁自我發揮、累積小成功,增強集體信念及掃 除工作障礙,提高團隊功效。 都市更新是城市發展必然的過程,也是改善市民居住環境與生活品質的重要手段。 台北市的都市更新事業發展正處於成長期,但政府、地主與實施者三方的關係依 然還在磨合階段。過程中,居民意見整合效能尤其有很大的改善空間。本研究希 望對更新團隊的效能有提升的效用,能為復甦都市機能,改善居住環境,增進公 共利益做出貢獻。Urban renewal is a land developing and integrating enterprise with characteristics of high uncertainty, complexity and time consuming but low success rates, and yet it is an inevitable process of Taipei city. Members who are willing to join an urban renewal-integrating team usually have a higher need for achievement. Under the task characteristics of the urban renewal team, transactional leadership alone is not enough, transformational leadership alone is also unrealistic. Studies have shown that when mediocre members struggle with its mandate, experienced leaders always provide timely help. Conversely, mediocre leaders may offset the superior team’s performance. Therefore, finding a suitable personality for urban renewal team leaders, adjusting it to an effective leadership style, using adequate incentives are crucial to enhance the overall effectiveness of an urban renewal team. Transformational leadership is essentially the same as charismatic leadership and vision leadership. Leaders attempt to influence followers’ values and motives in the process of conversion to take the followers to a higher level. Charismatic leadership is through vision, communication and incentives to induce raising followers’ enthusiasm in order to make efforts for the benefit of the team or organization, and not just focusing on self-interest. This process is a kind of transformation. Transformational leadership builds on top of transactional leadership. If one leader who can display the combined two leadership styles at the same time, he will produce higher levels of subordinates’ effort and team performance than that of transactional leadership alone. A review of 87 case studies on transformational leadership reveals that transformational leadership can inspire and satisfy the followers even more, and raises their performance and perceptivity about the leader’s effectiveness. Compared to transactional leadership, transformational leadership has much stronger correlation with lower staff turnover, higher productivity, lower employee stress and fatigue, and higher employee satisfaction. In this study the surveyed companies are based on the method of contingency reward to provide adequate remuneration, and to promote employees achievement of their goals. In addition, the leaders with the four conversion means, i.e. idealized influence (direction), inspirational motivation (passion), intellectual stimulation (challenge) and individual consideration (care), to lead the team to make employees feel more affiliated with the company, therefore continuing to focus on the ultimate success of the project over the long term. Financial incentives may be motivating more effectively in the short term, but in the long run, non-financial incentives inspire people even more. Employees with high growth needs are more likely to experience the psychological states when their jobs are enriched, and respond to them more positively than their counterparts with low growth need. Although the evidence on job enrichment does not necessarily indicate the improvement on critical productivity, however it does reduce absenteeism and turnover costs and increase satisfaction levels. When the circumstances encounter poor feedback and a bad reward system, introducing job enrichment into the task works most effectively. The surveyed companies have taken four steps to stimulate their team members’ intrinsic motivation, which are: building up employer’s brand name to enhance team cohesion; flattening the organization to encourage self-achievement; accumulating small successes to enhance collective confidence, and removing any obstacles to improve effective team performance. Urban renewal is an inevitable process of urban development and also an important means to improve city residents living environment and quality. Taipei''s urban renewal development is in a growth period, but the relationship among government, landowners and implementers still remains at the phase of trying to reach common goals. In the process, private land assembly efficiency particularly has room for improvement. This study hopes to enhance work team effectiveness by leadership and motivation to restore urban functions, improve living environments and to make a contribution to the industry and the public
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