12 research outputs found
Applications of well logging techniques to evaluate the groundwater aquifers in the area between southwest Bani Sweif and west Asyoute governorate, upper Egypt
No full textApplications of well logging techniques to evaluate the groundwateraquifers in the area between southwest Bani Sweif and west Asyoute governorate, upper Egypt Safi Eldein.M. Metwally 1, Shimaa. M. Elska 1, *, Fardous. M. Zarif 1, Abdallah. F. Saad 21 Dept. of geophysical exploration, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt 2Dept of Physics., Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt *Corresponding author: [email protected] AbstractThe relevance of detecting aquifer characterization and aquifer potential has risen with the application of well logging technique as the demand for water has increased. Apart from pumping data, 16 geophysical well logs (resistivity, gamma ray, self-potential, and nuclear logs) are utilized to achieve the main goal of estimating petrophysical parameters (porosity (∅), effective porosity (∅!""), hydraulic conductivity (k), permeability (K) and shale volume
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification for diagnosis of 18 World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) notifiable viral diseases of ruminants, swine and poultry
No full textEnergy-Efficient HVAC Technologies and Strategies:A Comprehensive Overview
No full textThis review paper examines state-of-the-art energy-efficiency technologies and techniques in the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) field. Specifically, the analysis focuses on the following advanced technologies: Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems, Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems, renewable energy integration (solar and geothermal), drying cooling, and state-of-the-art control technologies. This analysis focuses on the systematic study of the relevant peer-reviewed articles available in the Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases released between the years 2010 and 2024. The primary methodology included in the analysis was the use of experimental studies and high-fidelity simulations, which provided the evaluated criteria on which the research was premised. The advanced energy systems are more energy-efficient than the traditional air conditioning systems, and the research provides clear, demonstrable findings of this claim. For example, energy savings in cooling load use from VRF systems were around 70%. This rivew work also provided the geothermal heat pumps (GSHPs) of which the author focuses on a single performance parameter in this climate model: the GSHPs of which despite the high initial capital expenditure are the most energy efficient systems in extreme climates, which are the most energy. The review also provides evidence of wide scope limitations, including: A global absence of long-term comparative studies on the most mature systems (VRF and GSHP) in a variety of buildings, and a lack of comprehensive economic models, which effectively incorporate lifecycle analysis LCA and the local cost of electricity to facilitate meaningful investment. This review additionally provides an analysis of energy-efficient air conditioning technology, evaluates its performance, and suggests future research to fill the remaining empirical and knowledge-based economic voids
Exposure to ZnO nanoparticles alters neuronal and vascular development in zebrafish: Acute and transgenerational effects mitigated with dissolved organic matter
No full textZinc oxide nanoparticle toxicity in embryonic zebrafish: Mitigation with different natural organic matter
No full textPeroxi-Electrocoagulation for PFAS Mitigation: The Impact of Water Quality and Dissolved Organic Matter on Removal Pathways
No full textThe recent addition of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to the National Primary Drinking Water Regulation per- has increased the need for research on PFAS treatment technologies for water and wastewater. Electrochemical treatment processes have been widely investigated for PFAS removal. Peroxi-electrocoagulation (electrocoagulation paired with hydrogen peroxide (EC:H2O2)) was evaluated as a novel water treatment process for PFAS mitigation due to the multimechanistic removal pathways that can proceed during treatment, including chemical degradation via oxidation, and physical separation pathways such as sorption to flocs, flotation layer accumulation, and foam fractionation. This work investigated the impacts of varying water quality conditions and dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition on PFAS mitigation efficacy and the corresponding removal pathways. Sources of DOM were an additional point of focus to provide insight into the role of DOM characteristics (i.e., aromaticity, molecular weight) on the fate of PFAS in EC:H2O2. This aim was studied by conducting EC:H2O2 with five different types of DOM (including humic acid, fulvic acid, oxalic acid, salicylic acid, and one natural river DOM). EC:H2O2 was effective as a PFAS mitigation technology using a bicarbonate electrolyte matrix and different types of DOM (including reference DOM and natural DOM). Generally, PFAS removal was higher at pH 3 compared to pH 6.3, ostensibly due to enhanced oxidant yield, interactions between iron and PFAS, and foam formation. At pH 3, oxidation was a key route of removal for the carboxylic acids including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and 5:3 fluorotelomer carboxylic acid (5:3 FTCA). A combination of chemical degradation and physical separation processes contributed to the removal of sulfonic acids including 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). However, in the presence of DOM, especially the \u3c 1 kDa low molecular weight and low aromatic autochthonous components, PFAS were more readily removed via physical sorption to the flotation layer, potentially due to the formation of DOM-iron-PFAS complexes. Regarding engineering applications, EC:H2O2 may have limited feasibility for PFAS mitigation in drinking water due to the highly acidic pH conditions needed and the release of metals during treatment. Accordingly, EC:H2O2 may better serve as a pretreatment and foam fractionation technology for higher strength wastewaters (such as membrane concentrates and industrial wastewaters) prior to more dedicated liquid-stream destructive technologies such as electrooxidation or supercritical water oxidation
Correction: Epidemiology and outcomes of early-onset AKI in COVID-19-related ARDS in comparison with non-COVID-19-related ARDS: insights from two prospective global cohort studies (Critical Care, (2023), 27, 1, (3), 10.1186/s13054-022-04294-5)
No full textFollowing publication of the original article [1], the authors identified that the collaborating authors part of the collaborating author group CCCC Consortium was missing. The collaborating author group is available and included as Additional file 1 in this article
Next generation brain health: transforming global research and public health to promote prevention of dementia and reduce its risk in young adult populations
No full textEfforts to prevent dementia can benefit from precision interventions delivered to the right population at the right time; that is, when the potential to reduce risk is the highest. Young adults (aged 18-39 years) are a neglected population in dementia research and policy making despite being highly exposed to several known modifiable risk factors. The risk and protective factors that have the biggest effect on dementia outcomes in young adulthood, and how these associations differ across regions and groups, still remain unclear. To address these uncertainties, the Next Generation Brain Health team convened a multidisciplinary expert group representing 15 nations across six continents. We identified several high-priority modifiable factors in young adulthood and devised five key recommendations for promoting brain health, ranging from individual to policy levels. Increasing research and policy focus on brain health across the life course, inclusive of younger populations, is the next crucial step in the efforts to prevent dementia at the global level. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Exploring the cost-effectiveness of high versus low perioperative fraction of inspired oxygen in the prevention of surgical site infections among abdominal surgery patients in three low- and middle-income countries
No full textBackground: This study assessed the potential cost-effectiveness of high (80–100%) vs low (21–35%) fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) at preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) after abdominal surgery in Nigeria, India, and South Africa. Methods: Decision-analytic models were constructed using best available evidence sourced from unbundled data of an ongoing pilot trial assessing the effectiveness of high FiO2, published literature, and a cost survey in Nigeria, India, and South Africa. Effectiveness was measured as percentage of SSIs at 30 days after surgery, a healthcare perspective was adopted, and costs were reported in US dollars (216 compared with 6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −1) difference in costs. In India, the average cost for high FiO2 was 195 for low FiO2 leading to a −15 to −1164 compared with 93 (95% CI: −65) difference in costs. The high FiO2 arm had few SSIs, 7.33% compared with 8.38% for low FiO2, leading to a −1.05 (95% CI: −1.14 to −0.90) percentage point reduction in SSIs. Conclusion: High FiO2 could be cost-effective at preventing SSIs in the three countries but further data from large clinical trials are required to confirm this. © 2023 The Author
