OJS NTU Journal
Not a member yet
669 research outputs found
Sort by
Liver Disease Diagnosis Using Machine Learning: A Review of Imaging-Based Methods
No full textLiver disease is one of the major health threats throughout the world. Among the different imaging modalities involved in diagnosing and managing liver conditions, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) scan play a pivotal role. Various studies were focused on developing automated systems to detect and classify liver diseases using advanced image processing and machine learning algorithms. A review of the literature shows that machine learning models are capable of predicting liver disorders from MRI and CT images. Research indicates that deep learning techniques, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs), surpass traditional approaches in the extraction and classification of features, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy and facilitating early disease detection. This study advances global healthcare initiatives by employing machine learning to enhance the precision of liver disease diagnosis and treatment, aligning with (Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being). This also advances medical technology by fostering innovation in medical imaging and incorporating AI-driven solutions into healthcare systems (Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure)
Real-Time License Plate Recognition Using YOLOv10 and OCR Integration for Autonomous Traffic Monitoring and Surveillance Systems
No full textThe proposed method applies YOLOv10 deep learning to detect license plates with subsequent text extraction from plates through EasyOCR and OCR engines. This system architecture operates in real-time allowing its deployment in unmanned traffic surveillance systems law enforcement detection and automated parking operations. The YOLOv10 model achieves quick and reliable license plate detection through CSPNet and SCDD while working in dynamic settings. The system combines various OCR methods into its architecture for processing text with different font types and challenging visual factors. The model exhibits strong precision-recall abilities and generalization power based on Precision-Recall Curve and F1-Score and Confusion Matrix results which lead to a 0.986 mean Average Precision (mAP). The system functions independently and accepts real-time detection through either static images, moving video, or live source vide. This solution expands to accommodate usage in extensive traffic management systems which enable practical vehicle tracking alongside toll collection and security surveillance operations
Assessment of lipid profile in cardiovascular diseases patients with toxoplasmosis in Kirkuk governorate, Iraq
Get PDFThe current study aimed to assess lipid profile in cardiovascular patients with toxoplasmosis in Kirkuk Governorate. A total of 150 subjects diagnosed with cardiovascular disease at Azadi Teaching Hospital and Kirkuk Teaching Hospital from September 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled, along with 30 healthy volunteers. Total of 150 blood samples collected from cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients included in the study showed that 45(30%) were IgG positive. While 12(8%) was IgM positive, the overall anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM seropositivity was found to be 5(3.3%) in patients who had CVD. Total cholesterol, triglyceride LDL, VLDL showed a significant (P?0.05) increase in patients and in those with both CVD and Toxoplasma. HDL showed a significant (P?0.05) decrease in CVD and CVD patients and in those with both CVD and Toxoplasma Based on the results of the current study, an association was found between cardiovascular diseases and lipid profiles. On the other hand, Toxoplasma gondii infection leads to dyslipidemia in patients
Beyond Barrels and Generators: Solar Power Economics and Market Potential in Iraq
Get PDFThis systematic review synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed studies examining solar power deployment in Iraq, revealing substantial economic viability and market potential with critical segmentation based on baseline energy infrastructure. Solar photovoltaic systems demonstrate dramatic cost advantages over diesel generators, with levelized costs of 0.598/kWh for diesel representing a 17-fold difference and lifecycle cost savings ranging from 11,000. In areas with frequent blackouts and heavy generator dependence, payback periods range from 3.6 to 7 years, with systems achieving capacity factors near 18% and annual yields of 1,514–1,745 kWh/kWp under Iraq's favorable solar resource of 4.6–5.2 kWh/m²/day global horizontal irradiance. However, where subsidized grid electricity provides reliable supply, solar requires feed-in tariffs above 0.10–0.20/kWh. This positions solar as highly competitive for the substantial population experiencing daily blackouts of 12–18 hours, with additional environmental benefits of 689–5,295 kg CO? avoided annually per installation. The market potential is strongest as a generator replacement technology rather than a grid-only alternative, with hybrid configurations incorporating storage achieving optimal techno-economic performance
Investigation Thermal Performance of Heat Sink by Using Metal Foam Partially Immersed in PCM
No full textThis research includes a practical investigation on the impacts of adding phase change materials (PCMs) into metal foam made from copper in heat sinks, as well as using metal foam alone during heating and cooling. This study used RT55 paraffin as a phase change material. Five cases were used in the experiments. Each one contained a varied quantity of PCM and copper metal foam, in addition to the centrifugal fan-forced airflow inside the device duct and electrical heating of a plate made of copper under the thermal dissipator. This study looked at the impact of thermal energy and intake air velocity coefficients on five heat sink cases Throughout the process of heating and process of cooling. The findings indicate that in the situation of copper foam (case 3), The copper plate has a lower temperature relative to the other instances. During the heating procedure, cases 5 (Paraffin partly filled copper foam) and 3 (2-piece foams made of copper) showed percentage temperature reductions of 57.46% and 66.4% respectively, when compared to case 1 (Absent paraffin or copper foam). During the process of cooling, the high conductivity for copper foam results in case 3 having temperatures that are 43.5% lower than that of case 5, which is 34.7%. furthermore, raising the input air velocity includes less of an impact on heating reduction in scenarios involving phase change materials (PCMs)
Analysis of Voltage Performance and Temperature Effects in a Tracking Floating Photovoltaic System
No full textThis study examines a one axis sun tracking floating photovoltaic system located in Northern Iraq (35.407533°N, 44.413411°E). While fixed floating PV systems have been studied extensively, the integration of tracking mechanisms with floating installations remains underexplored, particularly in regions with high solar potential and significant water resources like Iraq. the floating platform holds a system with a 120W photovoltaic module attached to it that can track ±45° horizontally. A mathematical model based on the voltage generated was developed by taking temperature effects, tracking angle and water-surface effects. The collected performance data showed remarkable benefits from tracking implementation with voltage gains above 100% during early morning hours. While, Daily energy yields showed improvements of 22.5 ± 0.7%. The developed mathematical model predicted values at all operating conditions with an accuracy of 96-98% with RMSE of 0.15V and 0.11V for fixed and tracking, respectively. Temperature analysis revealed that the optimal cell temperature range is 25-30°C. The floating configuration kept the temperature of the cell 2.8°C lower than that of an equivalent ground configuration. The tracking system performed more efficiently than the fixed system and showed a maximum system efficiency of 10.51% compared to 9.67% for the fixed system. The results show that tracking systems in floating photovoltaic applications is effective and provide a foundation for further future optimization
Strategies for adopting information technology and its ability to enhance strategic success: an analytical study in some schools of the Nineveh Education Directorate
No full text Identify the relationship of influence and correlation between information technology adoption strategies and strategic success. The research field was the Nineveh Education Directorate, and the study community was represented by the operators of the EMIS system in the primary schools on the left side affiliated with that directorate, numbering (412) operators. The questionnaire was relied upon as a main tool in collecting data from the research community, where (340) were distributed A questionnaire was distributed to the researched sample, and the number of questionnaires suitable for analysis was (312). The descriptive analytical approach was relied upon as an approved research approach. The Education Directorate adopted the application of the EMIS system The overuse strategy is inferred from its relative importance to the sample studied. The value of this case study lies in its being the first attempt to explore the extent to which information technology adoption strategies contribute to strategic success in the Nineveh Education Directorat
Evaluating the Prognostic Potential of MCP-1 in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Get PDFBackground: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a pervasive, chronic inflammatory condition. Swift diagnosis and intervention are crucial to manage the disease effectively, increasing remission prospects, and preventing long-term clinical complications. Objectives: The study aims to investigate and evaluate the potential role of certain inflammatory biomarkers - specifically Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) as an indicator of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Methods: An experimental study was conducted from April to June 2023, encompassing 80 individuals, 40 with chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and 40 healthy controls. RA patients, from Azadi Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk Governorate, were selected based on a positive RF analysis. Demographic data were collected, and serum samples were obtained for biomarker analysis. MCP-1 levels were determined using ELISA. Statistical evaluations employed descriptive statistics, T-tests, and Pearson correlation via SPSS version 26. Results: In the study, 77.5% of (RA) patients in the 40-60 years bracket compared to 67.5% of healthy individuals. (RA) patients exhibited a striking increase in MCP-1, registering at 393.33 pg/ml versus the healthy individuals at 70.66 pg/ml, a moderate positive correlation was observed between BMI and MCP-1 levels (Pearson r = 0.446, p = 0.004). Conclusion: One of the pivotal revelations from the study was the significant correlation between BMI and MCP-1 levels in (RA) patients, contrasting with the healthy population. The pronounced elevation of MCP-1 levels in (RA) patients, when juxtaposed against healthy individuals, substantiate its role as a crucial inflammatory marker for (RA). Its potential utility as a diagnostic or prognostic tool is evident, especially given the marked statistical significance of the observed differences
Assessment of specific inflammatory responses in children with Entamoeba histolytica/dispar infections and how they relate to certain clinical and epidemiological features
Get PDFThe goal of this study was to find out how certain inflammatory responses in children with E. histolytica and E. dispar infections. 230 subjects reported with diarrhea in General Pediatric Hospital, Kirkuk from September 2023 to January 2024. Experimental work was carried out at private Laboratories in Kirkuk, Iraq. 50 healthy children without any diseases were also taken as a control group. 230 samples were directly examined by using microscopic (wet mount) examination for parasite diagnosis. whereas, 91(39.57%) samples were found positive and 139(60.43%) samples were negative. The percentage of infected male patients was (53.8%%) while, the percentage of female patients was (46.2%%). The percentage of infected children in the age group less than one year was about (41.8%). Platelets, lymphocytes and granulocytes showed significant (P?0.05) differences between E. histolytic and E. dispar patients compared to the control group. IgA showed significant (P?0.05) reduction and C-reactive protein (CRP) showed significant (P?0.05) elevation between E. histolytic and E. dispar patients compared to the control group. Based on the results of the current study, it was found that infection with E. histolytica/dispar leads to an increase in the immune cells
Epidemiological aspects of abortion in pregnant women due to Toxoplasma and some viral infections
Get PDFBackground: Numerous infections can be passed vertically from a mother to her offspring. Newborn infections are primarily acquired in three ways: through transmission from the mother to the fetus during pregnancy. During delivery through contact with infected genital secretions, blood and feces during the neonatal period through breastfeeding, blood transfusion, and hospital-acquired infections. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological aspects of abortion in pregnant women attributed to Toxoplasma gondii assessing the prevalence, and associated risk factors of abortion in pregnant women infected with Toxoplasma gondii, Cytomegalovirus (cmv), Herpes simplex virus (hsv), and Rubella virus. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study conducted in Kirkuk city from October 10th, 2023, to February 10th, 2024. A total of 120 women with a history of abortion, aged between 20 and 45 years, were enrolled, alongside 60 women with two or more previous normal pregnancies, serving as controls. Inclusion criteria encompassed age between 20 and 45 years and a history of abortion, while exclusion criteria included ectopic or molar pregnancy, chronic diseases, and hormonal treatment during pregnancy. Blood samples were collected, and serological for specific antibodies against Toxoplasma, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Hherpes simplex virus (HSV), and Rubella virus was performed using ELISA kits. Results: The study indicated no significant differences in the age distribution and residency between aborted women and the control group. Obstetric properties revealed the majority of aborted women (75.83%) reported 1-2 previous abortions, with variations in the number of children. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive epidemiological assessment and preventive strategies to mitigate the impact of infectious agents on pregnancy outcomes