92 research outputs found
Total hip replacement in immigrants and Swedish patients. Evaluation of preoperative care, socioeconomic background, patient-reported outcomes and risk of reoperation
No full textTotal Hip Arthroplasty (THA) aims to reduce pain and improve mobility, function and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis, when non-surgical treatment has failed. Despite good or excellent results in the majority of patients, some of them are dissatisfied. This variability in outcome is multifactorial. Preoperative information, hospital care and postoperative rehabilitation may be more demanding if the patient is not familiar with the domestic language, belongs to a cultural minority or lives in poor socioeconomic circumstances. This thesis aimed to investigate the influence of ethnicity and socioeconomic factors on the outcome after primary THA. Demographic information and data relating the surgical procedure, patient reported outcome collected preoperatively and one year after the operation and any subsequent revision/reoperation were retrieved from the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register. Cross-matching with data from the Patient Register and Statistics Sweden was performed to retrieve information about comorbidities, cohabiting, education, and country of birth. Interviews and a self-administered questionnaire on given preoperative information, pre- and postoperative pain and patient satisfaction including the DASS 21 score for mental health of patients were also used. The interviews were analyzed using content analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman. The patients were analyzed in four groups (born in Sweden, the Nordic countries, Europe and outside Europe including the Soviet Union) or two groups (born in or outside Sweden). Patients from both groups in the qualitative study, expressed concern about inadequate pre-operative information on implants used, pain relief, choice of anaesthesia, no or too short a time to put questions to the surgeon and an overall stressful clinical situation. All the immigrant groups had more negative interference relating to self-care (p≤ 0.02), some immigrant groups tended to have more problems with their usual activities (p≤ 0.05) and patients from Europe and outside Europe more frequently reported problems with anxiety/depression (p≤ 0.005). Patients born abroad showed an overall tendency to report more pain on the VAS than patients born in Sweden. One year after the operation the immigrant groups reported lower values in all EQ-5D dimensions. After adjustment for covariates including the preoperative baseline value most of these differences remained apart from pain/discomfort and regarding immigrants from the Nordic countries, anxiety/depression as well. One year after the operation pain according to the VAS had decreased substantially in all groups. The immigrant groups indicated however more pain than those born in Sweden both before and after adjustment for covariates (p<0.001). Patients born outside Sweden had generally a poorer mental health than those born in Sweden. The risk of revision and reoperation within a period of two years did not differ between immigrants and patients born in Sweden. The difficulties for the patients born outside Sweden may depend on cultural differences, communication problems and differences in indications. This patient group could benefit from improved pre-and postoperative information and other measures to facilitate and improve their rehabilitation
Scientific justification of prophethood in Muhammed Ferid Vecdî
No full textYÖK Tez No: 684679Muhammed Ferid Vecdî, XIX. yüzyılın sonu ve XX. yüzyılın başlarında yaşamış Mısırlı bir ilim adamıdır. Gerek dini, gerekse de beşeri alanda çalışmaları bulunan Vecdî, Tefsir, Kelam, Felsefe ve Edebi alanlarda pek çok eser telif etmiştir. Bununla beraber hacimli bir ansiklopedik esere de sahiptir. Dolayısıyla Vecdî'nin pek çok alanda donanımlı bir ilim adamı olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Ayrıca önemli bir edebi kişiliğe sahip olan Vecdî, el-Ezher dergisinde pek çok yazı kaleme almıştır. Bu Çalışmamızda Ferid Vecdî'yi ele almamızdaki neden, fikirlerinin pek çok âlimden farklı olmasıdır. Zira onun düşüncelerinin temelinde Batı'da aldığı eğitim yatmaktadır. O Batı'da elde ettiği düşünceleri İslâmî kimliğe aykırı olmayacak şekilde öne sürmeye çalışmıştır. Konu olarak nübüvveti seçmemizdeki amaç; son dönem âlimlerinden olan Vecdî'nin nübüvvet konusuna ne gibi yenilikler kattığını ortaya koymaktır. Çünkü Vecdî de "Yeni İlm-i Kelâm" anlayışını savunan âlimlerden birisidir. Müellifimizin bu konuda bilimsel temellendirmeye gitmesindeki neden ise aklın bu gibi konuları daha kolay bir şekilde kabul etmesini sağlamasıdır. Son olarak bu çalışmayı nesnel bir bakış açısıyla ele almaya gayret ettik. Ferid Vecdî'nin nübüvvet konusu özelindeki görüşlerinin tutarlı olup olmadığını ortaya koymaya çalıştık.Muhammed Ferid Vecdî, XIX. the end of the century and the XX. He is an Egyptian scientist who lived at the beginning of the century. He has authored many works in the fields of Vecdî, Tafsir, Kalam, Philosophy and Literature, who have both religious and human studies. However, it also has a voluminous encyclopedic work. Therefore, we can say that Vecdî is a well-equipped scientist in many fields. He also wrote many articles in Vecdî al-Azhar magazine, who had an important literary personality. The reason why we deal with Ferid Vecdi in this study is that his ideas are different from many scholars. Because the basis of his thoughts is the education he received in the West. He tried to put forward the ideas he obtained in the West in a way that would not contradict the Islamic identity. The purpose of choosing prophethood as a subject; The aim of this study is to reveal what kind of innovations Vecdi, who is one of the last period scholars, has added to the subject of prophecy. Because Vecdi is one of the scholars who defend the understanding of "New Science of Kalam". The reason why our author goes on a scientific basis on this issue is that it enables the mind to accept such issues more easily. Finally, we tried to handle this study from an objective point of view. We tried to reveal whether Ferid Vecdî's views on the subject of prophethood are consistent or not
Total hip replacement in immigrants and Swedish patients. Evaluation of preoperative care, socioeconomic background, patient-reported outcomes and risk of reoperation
No full textSurgery involving Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) aims to reduce pain, and improve mobility, function and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis, when non-surgical treatment has failed. Despite good or excellent results in the majority of patients, some of them are dissatisfied. This variability in outcome may depend on several factors. Preoperative information, hospital care and postoperative rehabilitation may also be more demanding if the patient is not familiar with the domestic language, belongs to a cultural minority or lives in poor socioeconomic circumstances. This thesis aimed to investigate the influence of ethnicity and socioeconomic factors on the outcome after primary THA. Demographic information and data relating the surgical procedure and patient reported outcome collected preoperatively and one year after the operation and the presence of any revision/ reoperation were retrieved from the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register. Cross-matching with data from the Patient Register and Statistics, Sweden was performed to retrieve information about comorbidities, cohabiting, education, and country of birth. Interviews and a self-administered questionnaire on preoperative information, pain and patients satisfaction including the DASS 21 score for the mental health of patients were also used. The patients were analysed in four groups (born in Sweden, the Nordic countries, Europe and outside Europe including the Soviet Union) or two groups (born inside or outside Sweden). Patients from both groups expressed concern about inadequate pre-operative information on implants used, pain relief, choice of anaesthesia, no or too short a time to put questions to the surgeon and an overall stressful situation. All the immigrant groups had more negative interference relating to self-care (p<=0.02), some immigrant groups tended to have more problems with their usual activities (p<=0.05) and patients from Europe and outside Europe more frequently reported problems with anxiety / depression (p<=0.005). Patients born abroad showed an overall tendency to report more pain on the VAS than patients born in Sweden. One year after the operation the immigrant groups reported more problems in all the EQ-5D dimensions. After adjustment for co-variates including the preoperative baseline value most of these differences remained apart from pain/discomfort and when it came to immigrants from the Nordic countries, anxiety/depression as well. One year after the operation pain according to the VAS had decreased substantially in all groups. The immigrant groups indicated more pain than those born in Sweden before and after adjustment for covariates (p<0.001). Patients born outside Sweden had poorer mental health than those born in Sweden. The risk of revision and reoperation within a period of two years did not differ between immigrants and patients born in Sweden. The difficulties for the patients born outside Sweden may depend on cultural differences, communication problems and differences in indications. This patient group could benefit from improved pre-and postoperative information and other measures to facilitate and improve their rehabilitation
The Impact of Religion and Provision of Information on Increasing Knowledge and Changing Attitudes to Organ Donation: An Intervention Study
No full textOne of the most significant developments in recent history has probably been organ donation and organ transplantation. They are frequently the only treatment available in certain cases. However, there is an ever-increasing discrepancy between the number of people needing transplantation and the organs available, because the decision to donate an organ is up to each individual. The study aims to assess the impact of the intervention on knowledge, attitudes and practices on organ donation among religious immigrants in Sweden. Data were collected through three group interviews using open-ended questions and qualitative content analysis. Thirty-six participants, 18 males and 18 females from six countries, participated in the focus group interviews. The analysis of the collected data resulted in two main categories: "Religion in theory and practice" and "More information-more knowledge about organ donation" including seven subcategories. Understanding of religion and religiosity, happiness by taking the class, the practice of religion in everyday life, the overcoming the prejudices in religion, having more information about organ donation and the donations process, as well as that the increased information changes people's minds, were some of things the informants emphasised as predictors of the decision of organ donation. A class dealing with religion, the religious aspects of organ donation and the way the Swedish healthcare system is organised increased people's knowledge and changed their attitudes so they became potential organ donors. More intervention studies are needed in every field of medicine to build confidence and give time to educate and discuss issues with potential organ donors in Sweden
Assessing Rock Mass Permeability Using Discontinuity Properties
No full textISRM European Rock Mechanics Symposium (EUROCK) - JUN 20-22, 2017 - Ostrava, CZECH REPUBLICWOS: 000416996000082Field measurement of rock mass permeability is essential that numerous factors influence its directional magnitude. Lugeon test is a popularly conducted field instrument in order to measure hydraulic conductivity of a rock mass. Discontinuity orientation, spacing and discontinuity surface quality, infill presence and type play essential role in permeability of the rock mass in addition to rock material itself. Geological Strength Index (GSI) is a parameter used in Gen. Hoek-Brown failure criterion and supporting empirical equations in order to estimate rock mass strength and deformability parameters. Frequently used Rock Quality Designation (RQD) and GSI and Lugeon values were combined in order to generate a relation among them. The proposed relationships are produced by interpretation of geotechnical core logging and Lugeon test results. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Int Soc Rock Mech, ASCR, Inst GeonPolyak Eynez Energy Mining A.S. and Fina EnergyThe author thanks to Polyak Eynez Energy Mining A.S. and Fina Energy and its personnel for supporting scientific research and providing necessary data for the study. The author presents his gratitudes to Geological Engineers of Polyak Eynez, Feridun Emre Yagimli, Turkoglu, Mehmet Kilic for providing extensive data on the geology of the area, preparation of geotechnical borehole logs and their additional care during hydraulic testing. Special thanks also go to the reviewers
Language as a barrier to successful communication
No full textVi lever i tiden där stora folkvandringar är ett faktum och dessa har lett till att var och en av
oss kommer i kontakt med människor från andra delar av världen. Den ”negativa” sidan av folkvandringar är att allt större andel av invånare i Sverige inte har svenska som modersmål.
Språket har centralt betydelse under mötet mellan patienter och vårdpersonalen. Problem som kan uppstå vid språksvårigheter, är inte bara språkliga utan även kulturella eftersom kultur och språk går hand i hand.
Syfte
Syfte med denna uppsats var att beskriva och belysa hur livssituation för patienter som har
serbokroatiska som modersmål och inte behärskar svenska språket påverkas. Särskilt ville jag belysa hur språksvårigheter påverkar kommunikationen då patienter gör besök inom vården.
Metod
Denna studie genomfördes som en intervjuundersökning. Sammanlagt intervjuades femton personer- sju kvinnor och åtta män. Informanternas svar har bearbetats genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys.
Resultat
Resultaten av studien visar att miljöombyte, kultur och språk påverkar informanternas
välbefinnande. Språket i samband med kulturskiftandet är det största problemet när det gäller kommunikationssvårigheter. Kommunikationssvårigheter handlar i lika hög grad hos vårdpersonalen som inte har kunskaper i transkulturell omvårdnad så som hos patienter som inte kan svenska språket och besöker vården. För att kommunicera med patienter räcker inte att bara använda det språk som används inom området omvårdnad. Vårdpersonalen måste också förstå hur det språk som patienter använder inte bara inkluderar olika betydelser av ord
utan även hur dessa betydelser färgas av ett annat kulturellt sätt att tänka
Nurse Anesthetists' Communication in Brief Preoperative Meeting With Orthopaedic Patients-An Interview Study
No full textTo explore the experience of preoperative communication of nurse anesthetists (NAs) in brief meetings with patients in an orthopaedic setting.Qualitative research.Three group interviews based on experiences of 18 NAs were conducted. Content data analysis was used.The brief communication was characterized by both difficulties and opportunities. Protecting the patient's integrity, informing worried patients, lack of routines, language difficulties, being present at the meeting, protecting the patient from disturbance, and encouraging the patient to participate were stated as the main challenges in the brief meeting with patients. The NAs also gave some suggestions for improvement.The Preoperative meetings need to be developed and structured to improve communication. A way to assess the results of this conversation should be developed. Other recommendations include finding a way to improve patient involvement in this dialogue and development of skills of NAs to enhance the meeting for patients
Factors Beyond the Language Barrier in Providing Health Care to Immigrant Patients
No full textDue to the enormous migration as the result of war and disasters during the last decades, health systems in Europe are faced with various cultural traditions and both healthcare systems and healthcare professionals are challenged by human rights and values. In order to minimize difficulties in providing healthcare services to patients with different cultural backgrounds, cultural competence healthcare professionals are needed
Utrikesfödda rapporterar mer problem efter total höftprotes än svenskfödda - Oklart varför, men bättre information och välutbildade tolkar kan behövas
No full textIn 2013, 23.3% of the Swedish population of 9.7 million had foreign background and 15.4% were born outside the country. Immigrants, just as natives, suffer or will suffer from hip disease, which could involve surgery with total hip arthroplasty. Our aim was to explore the association between birthplace (in or outside Sweden), socio-economic factors and outcome after primary total hip arthroplasty. Records from the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register were cross-matched with population-based registers from the National Board of Health and Welfare and Statistics Sweden. Preoperatively immigrants reported more problems with self-care (P≤0.02), usual activities (P≤0.05) and anxiety/depression (P≤0.005) as well as higher levels of pain. Postoperatively immigrants reported more problems in all EQ-5D dimensions. Improved patient information, better training of medical staff and better access to interpreters could facilitate these patients' contacts with health care and also contribute to improved outcome
The Influence of Sleep Disorders and Nightmares on Mental Health: A Study of Former Kurdish Peshmerga in Resettlement Countries
No full textBackground: Sleep disorders and nightmares are often rooted in post-traumatic stress and have a significant impact on the quality of mental health. There is an obvious relationship between war trauma and a higher frequency of nightmares and insomnia symptoms. Aim: To study sleep disorders among former Kurdish Peshmerga (soldiers) and its impact on their mental health. Material and Methods: Five focus group interviews were conducted with 24 former Peshmerga in Scandinavian countries, between December 2014 and April 2015. The majority were males (n=19) aged between 32-62 years (M= 51.6 years) but some were females (n=5) aged 41-58 years (M=49.3 years). They had lived in Sweden between 16 and 40 years. A qualitative content analysis method was used for analysis and interpretation of the collected data. Results: Former Kurdish Peshmerga reported a number of difficulties related to sleep disorders. The impact of insomnia and nightmares on the participants’ mental health was indicated. Difficulty falling asleep and nightmares were two main areas that were mentioned as problematic by the participants. The impact of the sleep disorders in daily life and its impact on psychological health were addressed by the participants in the present study. Conclusion: Decreased mental health among former Kurdish Peshmerga was related to sleep disorders rooted in post-traumatic stress disorder. Difficulty falling asleep and nightmares negatively affected the participants’ daily lives and their mental health. Key words: Sleep disorder, mental health war trauma, Kurdish Peshmerga, nightmar
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