1,720,959 research outputs found
Investigating early syntactic knowledge in late-talking toddlers
No full textThis study examined how language measures motivated by two competing theories of language endowment classified late talkers with transient delays from those at elevated risk for developmental language disorder (DLD). The weak language endowment hypothesis predicts general and specific measures will be normally distributed and significantly differ across three groups: late talkers with continued early language delays (ELD), those with a prior history of early language delay (HELD) and typical toddlers (TD). The language maturation delay hypothesis predicts measures linked to maturation will be bimodally distributed, with the ELD group forming one group, but the HELD and TD group forming another group. Language transcripts from a structural priming task were analyzed for one general measure: the Index of Productive Syntax-C (pIPSyn-C) and two specific measures: primed unaccusative verb diversity and primed subject diversity with unaccusative verbs (e.g., leaf fall) in the ELD (n =21), HELD (n = 23), and TD (n =60) groups. One-way ANCOVAs revealed that the ELD group performed significantly worse that the HELD and TD groups, who were indistinguishable from one another on all measures. ROC curve analyses demonstrated the pIPSyn-C had the best classification accuracy for separating the ELD group from the HELD and TD groups. In contrast, unaccusative verb and subject diversity measures had only fair classification accuracy between the groups. Future work should continue to investigate early syntactic knowledge of late-talking children to inform both theoretical hypotheses of language knowledge, and to improve the prediction of persistent DLD in childhood.R01DC01627
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Verb Variability and Overlap: Priming Effects on Children\u27s Morphosyntactic Learning
No full textThe purpose of the current study was to examine short- and long-term input effects on grammatical morpheme learning in typically developing children who have inconsistent tense/agreement morpheme production. The study was specifically designed to examine how verb variability and verb overlap in a morphosyntactic priming task affect children’s short- and long-term learning and generalization of auxiliary is production. Forty typically developing 2-3-year-old native English-speaking children who demonstrated inconsistent auxiliary is production in baseline testing were primed with 24 present progressive auxiliary is sentences. Half of the children heard auxiliary is in conjunction with 24 unique verbs during the priming set (high variability). The other half heard auxiliary is in conjunction with only six verbs, repeated four times each (low variability). Additionally, half of the children always heard prime-target pairs with overlapping verbs (lexical boost), while the other half always heard prime-target pairs with non-overlapping verbs (no lexical boost). To assess learning and generalization of the targeted structure to untrained verbs, all children repeated the baseline probe items 5 minutes and 24 hours after the priming task. Although there were no group differences in the priming task itself, only the children in the high variability group demonstrated strong short-term priming effects compared to baseline testing. Children in the high variability group also showed increased auxiliary is production compared to baseline 5 minutes and 24 hours after the priming task, suggesting long-term learning and generalization of the primed structure. Children in the low variability group never showed significant increases in auxiliary is production and fell significantly below the high variability group in the 24-hour post-test. None of the groups generalized learning of singular auxiliary is to plural auxiliary are in post-test probes. Verb overlap did not boost priming effects during the priming task or in post-test probes. The children in this study did not benefit from a lexical boost effect. The results of this study suggest that typically developing children do indeed make use of lexical variability in their linguistic input to help them extract and generalize abstract grammatical rules. They can do this quite quickly, with relatively stable, robust learning occurring after a single optimally variable input session. With reduced variability, though, learning does not occur, even in the short-term. There is also no evidence of learning effects resulting from lexical overlap between children’s input and their targeted output. These results support theories that suggest that children extract regularities from their input to gradually construct abstract representations of grammatical structures. This research also serves as a foundation for future work examining the role input plays in the grammatical learning of children with language impairments who are in a similar, but extended period of inconsistency
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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